Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi, alias camellia root and camellia root, is a perennial herb of Scutellaria in Labiatae. The fleshy rhizomes are thick, Ye Jian papery, and lanceolate to linear lanceolate. The racemes are terminal on the stems and branches. The corolla is purple, purplish red to blue, the filaments are flat, the style is slender, the disk is annular, the ovary is brown, and the nutlet is ovoid. The flowering period is July-September.
Extended data
Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi was born in sunny grassland and leisure land, with an altitude of 60 ~1300 (1700 ~ 2000) meters. Produced in Heilongjiang, Liaoning and other places, most provinces and regions in northern China can be planted. Russia, eastern Siberia, Mongolia and Japan are all distributed. The type specimens were collected from Russia.
Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is a taproot system, and the taproot grows normally in the first three years. The length, thickness, fresh weight and dry weight of taproot increased year by year, and the content of baicalin in taproot was high.
After the fourth year, the growth rate began to slow down, some taproots began to die, and then increased year by year. Almost all the taproots and thicker lateral roots of eight-year-old Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi died, and the content of baicalin also decreased greatly.
Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi root is used as medicine, which tastes bitter and cold, and has the effects of clearing heat, promoting diuresis, purging fire and detoxifying. Indications are febrile diseases and upper respiratory tract infections. The clinical antibacterial activity of Scutellaria baicalensis Georgi is better than that of Coptidis Rhizoma, and it does not produce drug resistance.
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