Disease analysis: The treatment of allergic asthma includes health education, avoiding contact with allergens in the environment, standardized drug therapy and allergen-specific immunotherapy. Although asthma can't be cured at present, long-term standardized treatment can control the symptoms of most asthma patients and reduce the recurrence.

First, first aid

Relieve airway spasm, correct hypoxemia, restore lung function, prevent aggravation or recurrence of illness, and prevent complications. Salbutamol or terbutaline can be inhaled slightly, and theophylline sustained-release tablets or short-acting anticholinergic aerosol can be added when the effect is not good. Moderate atomization inhalation of Saba, combined with atomization inhalation of short-acting anticholinergic drugs, hormone suspension, or combined with intravenous injection of theophylline. Continuous atomization inhalation of SABA from severe to critical degree, combined with short-acting anticholinergic drugs, hormone suspension and intravenous theophylline drugs, oxygen inhalation.

Second, medication.

1, inhaled glucocorticoid: inhaled glucocorticoid can effectively control airway inflammation, reduce airway hyperresponsiveness and relieve asthma symptoms. The common inhalation preparations are beclomethasone dipropionate, budesonide and fluticasone propionate.

2.β2 receptor agonist: It can relieve asthma symptoms by relaxing airway smooth muscle. Short-acting β2 receptor agonists mainly include salbutamol and terbutaline, which are the first choice for relieving acute symptoms of mild to moderate asthma.

3. Compound preparation of inhaled glucocorticoids and long-acting β _ 2 receptor agonists: inhaled glucocorticoids and long-acting β _ 2 receptor agonists have synergistic anti-inflammatory and antiasthmatic effects, and their combined use can increase patients' compliance and reduce adverse reactions caused by high-dose inhaled glucocorticoids, which is suitable for long-term treatment of patients with moderate and severe chronic persistent asthma. Commonly used drugs are ticasone salmeterol powder inhalation and budesonide formoterol powder inhalation.

4, leukotriene regulator: relieve asthma symptoms, improve lung function, reduce asthma deterioration, commonly used drugs are montelukast.

5. Theophylline: It has the functions of relaxing bronchial smooth muscle, strengthening heart, diuresis, and exciting respiratory center and respiratory muscles. Commonly used oral theophylline includes aminophylline and doxofylline.

6, anticholinergic drugs: short-acting anticholinergic drug ipratropium bromide, and long-acting anticholinergic drug tiotropium bromide, all have a certain role in relaxing bronchi.

7. Antihistamines and antiallergic drugs: Oral ketotifen, loratadine, astemizole, azelastine, terfenadine and tranilast have antiallergic and weak therapeutic effects on allergic asthma.

Third, other treatments.

Eliminating allergens: looking for allergens or other non-specific stimulating factors that cause allergic asthma attacks in patients. Isolating patients and avoiding long-term contact with allergens is the most effective way to prevent and treat allergic asthma.