The Regulations on Kindergarten Work clearly points out that kindergartens are institutions that implement conservation and education, and implement the principle of combining conservation and education. "Guarantee" is to protect the health of young children. Health includes preventing diseases, strengthening nutrition and exercise, so that children can have a healthy body; Psychological aspect refers to cultivating children's good emotions and paying attention to children's healthy and positive emotional cultivation; Social aspect refers to cultivating children's ability to explore the environment and adapt to society, and at the same time cultivating children's good communication skills, so that children not only have the courage to communicate with others, but also master the communication skills. "Teaching", that is, kindergarten education and teaching, is a purposeful and planned all-round development education for young children according to the requirements of physique, intelligence, morality and beauty.
Keywords:: kindergarten education combined with children's healthy and all-round development
First, combine protection with education to ensure the healthy and happy growth of children.
Literally, "protection" includes health care and education. Traditional protection usually refers to health care. "Hygiene" and "health care" are synonyms, both of which refer to taking comprehensive measures combining prevention and control for individuals and collectives, with the aim of promoting human health. "Health care" often pays attention to medical prevention and treatment measures, which is only a part of modern maintenance work. Modern protection also includes parenting and education. Simply put, it is a parenting activity that promotes the healthy development of children.
As we all know, education is a social activity to cultivate people. It is an activity to guide the educated to acquire knowledge and skills, cultivate their ideological and moral character, develop their intelligence and physical strength in a purposeful, planned and organized way according to the reality and future needs of a certain society, so as to train the educated to adapt to certain social needs and promote social development. From this complex definition, we can see that educational activities also include conservation. As a special group, children need to pay more attention to their healthy development. Through organic education activities, they can acquire life skills, develop physical strength and cultivate good personality and environmental adaptability.
"Regulations on Kindergarten Work" combines the goals of conservation and education into one, and puts forward that it is necessary to promote children's physical development, enhance their understanding of the environment, cultivate self-confidence and other good personality and psychological qualities and behavior habits, and feel beauty and express beauty. In order to achieve this goal, traditional protection or education methods alone can't be effective. We must expand the content of protection and organically combine medical care and education.
1, combining education with protection, emphasizing physical, psychological and social harmony and health.
Protection education includes health care, which must conform to the development and change of medical model. Modern medical model holds that health is a sound state of physical, psychological and social adaptation, not just the absence of disease or weakness. To do a good job in children's health care, we should not only pay attention to children's physical, psychological and social development, but also pay attention to children's "eating, drinking, pulling, sleeping", their emotional and behavioral health care, their physical and mental needs and personality cultivation, and pay attention to the prevention and treatment of individual physical diseases, as well as the health promotion and all-round development of children in groups.
The expansion of conservation content also reflects the changes of contemporary children's physical and mental health care needs. Many surveys show that the prevalence of physical diseases of contemporary children is decreasing year by year, while psychological and behavioral problems are increasing. Children face more psychological and social pressure than physical pressure, such as parents' doting or punishment, high expectations of adults, bad peer-teacher interaction, fierce competition, media influence, social atmosphere and role models ... Faced with these stressors, it is impossible to take injections and take medicine, eat well and sleep well, and comprehensive maintenance measures must be implemented. In physical care, continue to do a good job in the prevention and health promotion of infectious diseases and common diseases in children, provide reasonable nutrition, strengthen physical exercise and do a good job in safety care; In psychological care, we should pay attention to the process of emotional care, cultivate children's good mood and sound personality, and improve their mental health; In social care, improve children's living environment, improve children's ability to explore the environment and adapt to society, and promote friendly interpersonal communication.
2. The content of kindergarten education simply includes: kindergarten life care, baby diet care, other daily life care, simple emergency measures, kindergarten routine education, routine education and so on.
(1), children's daily life care includes sleep care. First of all, we must ensure the sleep time of children of different ages and create conditions for children to fall asleep naturally. After the child falls asleep, he must cultivate the correct sleeping posture to prevent the baby from falling asleep on his stomach and ensure the fresh air in the nap room. We should not only choose suitable bedding for the baby, but also ensure that the child falls asleep safely without any threat. Nursing teachers should observe and discover the abnormal phenomena in children's sleep in time.
2. Children's diet care must ensure that they do not do strenuous exercise before and after meals to avoid gastrointestinal damage or excessive pressure. Maintain a happy mood when eating every day, at the same time cultivate children's good eating habits, observe and find abnormal phenomena when children eat, contact parents in time, and truly achieve family education.
(3) Other daily care includes: defecation care, toilet care, dressing care, etc. One day's life is interspersed with education, and teachers' words and deeds are always affecting children.
(4) Kindergarten teachers should have rich experience in infant life care, disease care technology and common first aid knowledge. Disease nursing techniques, methods of observing the physiological phenomena of sick children, methods of fever and physical cooling, methods of drug treatment, simple defecation, accident treatment and common first aid techniques, foreign body entry and treatment, emergency treatment, trauma and treatment, first aid techniques, etc.
⑤ There is always education in daily life. Routine education in kindergartens includes: education routine, life routine, eating routine, drinking routine, sleeping routine, washing hands routine, going to the toilet routine, education routine, teaching activity routine, communication routine in group activities, labor routine, teaching activity routine, etc.
Second, combine protection with education to promote children's all-round and harmonious development.
The combination of protection and education means the combination of protection and education. Of course, it is also possible to combine these two issues here, that is to say, as a kindergarten teacher, it is reasonable to combine education with care and reflect on yourself. The current standard of conservation and education is that the division of labor is not separated, and it is also an important topic that our kindergarten teachers should actively explore. The combination of protection and education is the effective coordination and cooperation between protectionists and educators. Of course, this is definitely the view of most people and the practice of most kindergartens. It is pointed out in the Regulations on Kindergarten Work that the task of kindergarten is to implement the policy of "combining education with protection" and educate children to develop physically, intellectually, morally and aesthetically. Therefore, it is of far-reaching significance to implement the "combination of protection and education" in early childhood education.
Adapting to children's characteristics, combining the principle of nursing education with children's physical and mental development in daily life determines that the fundamental task of early childhood education is to make children develop harmoniously in physical, intellectual, moral and aesthetic aspects and form some basic qualities. The research of developmental psychology shows that children are just an organism full of development potential at birth, and there is no huge difference in development and grade except for heredity and innate quality. Therefore, early childhood education is only for every child, so that every child can develop in all aspects, and there is no other reason to choose and screen. This is not to ignore the individual differences between children, let alone teach students in accordance with their aptitude, but to strive for a truly equal education for children because of the characteristics of their physical and mental development. The daily life of kindergarten includes coming to the park, washing, eating and sleeping. Although these activities are common and occur every day, children can cultivate good behavior habits from these trivial things. If the time for children to come to the park is specified, it must be before 8: 30, and parents should cooperate with this work, cultivate children's concept of time, and form the habit of observing the work and rest system; When eating, children are required to wash their hands before meals, rinse their mouths after meals and eat coarse grain flour and rice; Chew slowly, don't talk, don't waste food, and let them develop good eating habits; Cultivate children's nap habits and correct sleeping posture, don't sleep with your head covered, and let children grow up healthily. Because preschool children are poor in life protection ability, physical activity ability, self-care ability, independent living ability and the ability to identify and defend dangerous goods, they lack life experience, and sometimes it is not only difficult to avoid the dangers they face, but even unconsciously create them. This requires the careful care and protection of adults, not only to protect their lives, but also to gradually carry out the necessary basic knowledge education and ability training.
In teaching activities, teachers should understand the situation of each child and adopt different educational methods for different children. For example, for children who don't talk much at ordinary times, teachers should pay more attention to contact and talk with them, create more opportunities for them to talk, invite him to fetch things from the teacher, invite him to be the protagonist of the doll's home, consciously give him a game of calling and answering the phone, and ask him to be a small announcer to tell stories and cultivate their language expression ability. For children with strong self-esteem, if they do something wrong, they don't criticize in public, but talk to help them individually to protect their self-esteem. The combination of protection and education is a major feature of early childhood education in China, and it is also a principle that kindergartens always adhere to. With the in-depth study of human beings, especially children's physical and mental development, the principle of combining protection with education is more important, and its connotation is more extensive and profound. The combination of protection and education is a whole concept, and "protection" and "teaching" are different aspects of the whole education, which have an impact on children and promote their all-round development.
Third, the combination of protection and education ensures the continuous improvement of the quality of the park.
The quality of kindergarten education is the decisive factor for the success or failure of kindergarten. Nowadays, children are the darling and all hope of parents. If the quality of kindergarten education is poor, parents are dissatisfied and uneasy, how can they send their children to this kindergarten? Without students, how can kindergartens flourish? Therefore, in order to make kindergartens have the potential of sustainable development, we must work hard on the quality of education and adopt various ways to improve the quality of education, so that children can grow up healthily and parents can rest assured.
1, the premise of good education is to care for children. Only by truly caring for children will it be refined into teaching or life. We often see that some children are smart, but their self-care ability is poor; Some children have a strong memory, but lack creativity. It is a new requirement for every preschool educator to promote the all-round and harmonious development of children and cultivate high-quality compound talents. The realization of this goal is inseparable from the close cooperation of education.
2. In the past, the conservation work focused on protecting children's health and promoting children's physical development, and only paid attention to conservation and lacked education. But now the meaning of conservation has expanded, emphasizing not only the protection and promotion of children's health, but also the stimulation of children's enthusiasm and autonomy. Cultivate interest in activities, increase children's living ability, self-protection and safety awareness, thus playing an educational role in conservation. This invisibly puts forward new requirements for nursing teachers. The combination of protection and education is determined by the age characteristics and educational nature of children. The two permeate and combine with each other, and this combination is natural and organic.
3. Infiltrate the principle of combining protection with education into children's daily activities. The daily life of kindergarten includes wishing, washing, eating, taking a nap and so on. Although these activities are common, we should cultivate children's good behavior habits from these trivial things. In teaching activities, we should understand the situation of each child and adopt different educational methods for different children. Grasp the characteristics of young children, take advantage of the usual opportunities and communicate with them more. By carrying out various game activities, we can cultivate children's self-confidence and mutual coordination ability, let children communicate with their peers in a friendly way, and improve their self-care ability and safety awareness. Through the reasonable integration of conservation and education, we can truly "guarantee education in education, guarantee education"!
Only by improving the level of combining kindergarten protection with education and promoting the all-round development of children can kindergarten education shoulder the educational responsibility of cultivating high-quality talents in the new society.
References:
1 New Times Publishing House "The combination of protection and education can be more.