(1) observation method. Observation is a research method that teachers systematically observe, record and evaluate the research objects purposefully under natural conditions.

(2) Talking methods. Conversation is a way to understand children's development through conversation, because speech is one of the most important external manifestations of people's psychological activities.

(3) Works analysis method. Work analysis is a method to understand children's development through the analysis of children's works.

(4) Experimental methods. Experimental method refers to a research method in which teachers reasonably control or create certain conditions according to the research purpose, artificially influence the research pair, verify the hypothesis, and explore the causal relationship between conditions and educational phenomena.

(5) Case law. Case method refers to the research method that teachers conduct a comprehensive and in-depth investigation and analysis of a single research object in the natural state to understand the current situation or development of the case.