Teacher-oriented
Teacher-led means that the direction, content, method and organization of teaching are mainly designed and decided by teachers. Teachers should not only guide students to explore and learn independently, but also "preach and teach" and "set an example". Students' initiative and enthusiasm should also be guided by teachers, who should be responsible for the effect and quality of teaching.
Students are the main body.
Students are the main body, that is, students are the main body of understanding and development in the teaching process. Teaching should be oriented to all students, and students should get all-round development, which should be the essential meaning of students as the main body.
Dialectical unity
The leading role of teachers and the subjective position of students are dialectical unity. Dominance is the leading role for the subject, and the subject is the subject under the leading role. The two are intrinsically linked and mutually reinforcing. The more teachers play a leading role, the more they can ensure the initiative, enthusiasm and creativity of students; The more students give full play to their initiative, enthusiasm and creativity, the more they can reflect the leading role of teachers. Only by realizing the organic combination of the two can we have a good teaching effect.
Unity of opposites and contradictions
Dialectical materialism holds that everything in the world contains contradictions, and the two sides of contradictions are both opposite and unified, which promotes the continuous development of things themselves. Teaching process is the process of unity of opposites between teaching and learning. This process includes both teachers' teaching and students' learning, which are interdependent and complementary.