Jiang Zhigang (Professor, Institute of Toxicology, School of Medicine, Taiwan Province Provincial University, Attending Physician, Department of Blood Purification, National Taiwan University Hospital) Low-protein diet and very low-protein diet are commonly used diets for patients with chronic kidney disease. In the early stage of renal insufficiency, controlling protein in diet can not only reduce the production of urinary toxins, but also delay the deterioration of renal function. So what is a low-protein diet? Is it a low-protein diet as long as you don't eat meat and eggs? What is a low-protein diet? Low-protein diet is to adjust the intake of protein in the diet, which is defined as 0.6 ~ 0.8g of protein per kg of body weight per person per day. The recommended daily protein for healthy adults is per person 1.0g/kg body weight. For example, a patient with chronic kidney disease weighing 60 kg can only take 36-48 g of protein a day, which is about half of the intake of normal people. If the daily intake of protein is reduced to less than 0.6g/ person /kg body weight, it is called "extremely low protein diet" and needs to be supplemented with essential amino acids or ketoamino acids. Clinical research shows that low-protein diet can slow down the deterioration of renal function by reducing the pressure in glomerulus, reducing proteinuria and reducing the production of nitrogen-containing waste urea. Excessive intake of protein will increase the burden on kidneys of patients with chronic kidney disease. However, low intake of protein, combined with insufficient calorie intake, will decompose protein in body tissues, reduce weight, increase the production of nitrogen-containing waste, and increase the burden on kidneys. So a low-protein diet needs a proper amount of protein and enough calories! However, a low-protein diet does not mean that meat and eggs are not eaten in the diet. On the contrary, it emphasizes that in the limited intake of protein, the sources of protein should be mainly high-priced protein foods containing enough amino acids, such as fish, meat, eggs, bean products and milk. In the low-protein diet, in addition to moderately limiting protein, the intake of sodium, phosphorus and potassium ions in the diet will be adjusted according to the patient's blood biochemical values to prevent related complications. Low protein diet principle High calorie and low protein is the most important dietary principle of low protein diet! The calorie intake must be sufficient, so that a small amount of protein can be absorbed and utilized by the body. Protein should choose high-quality protein, such as chicken, fish, meat, eggs and bean products, and control the intake of non-high-quality protein, such as whole grains, coix seed, mung beans, red beans, gluten products (gluten, sausage, baked bran) and nuts. When cooking, you can increase the amount of oil in time or choose cooking methods with more cooking oil, such as frying, frying, frying, etc., to increase the calorie intake. Choose low-protein foods to supplement calories, such as low-nitrogen starch-winter flour, west Gu Mi, white powder, lotus root starch, etc. Refined sugar-sugar, honey, rock sugar, brown sugar, etc. Oils-olive oil, soybean oil, bitter tea oil, etc. Choose suitable nutrition for chronic kidney disease. If patients with chronic kidney disease are inconvenient to cook by themselves or don't like to eat low-protein foods, they can also consider choosing commercial nutritional products on the market and choosing concentrated formula nutritional products with high calorie and low protein, which can easily get enough calories. Ghidoli ingot can be replenished in time. The structure of GIDOLID tablets is ketone analogues (keto amino acids), which can be combined with nitrogen-containing waste products of protein metabolism through transamination in vivo, and then converted into equivalent essential amino acids, which can not only provide essential amino acids for human body, but also effectively reduce the production of nitrogen-containing waste in vivo and reduce the burden on kidneys. If you adopt a very low protein diet, you must supplement essential amino acids or ketoamino acids! Dim sum: Introduction and collocation of the characteristics of candied sweet potato: Candied sweet potato is definitely a snack that adults and children like, and it is also the first choice for patients with chronic kidney disease. It can not only make use of the low protein content of sweet potato, but also provide enough calories and dietary fiber intake, making it extremely easy! Hot potato quantity: 398 kcal protein: 1 g Cooking time: 25 minutes. The quantity of ingredients is 1g sweet potato: 75g sugar: 30g cooking oil: 4 teaspoons. Dice the sweet potato with an iron frame. Take out the oil pan, and when the oil pan is hot, add the sweet potatoes. After the sweet potato is fried, pick it up for use. Add cooking oil and sugar to a new pot, stir-fry slowly with low fire until the sugar is completely melted. Continue to stir-fry until caramel color, and then stir-fry until sugar melts into syrup. Add the fried sweet potato and let the syrup wrap it. When finished, serve on a plate. Tip: Fry in oil with high smoke point and high stability, such as sunflower oil, coconut oil and palm oil. Stir-fried sugar is easy to paste, remember to stir-fry patiently and slowly with a small fire! This article is excerpted from "Raiders of Poisonous Low-protein Diet: Perioperative Diet for Chronic Kidney Disease", so it's right to eat! "/Jiang Zhigang (Professor, Institute of Toxicology, School of Medicine, Taiwan Province University, attending physician, Department of Blood Purification, National Taiwan University Hospital)/Taiwan Province Food Safety Promotion Association, corporate legal person.