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The development and characteristics of British and American education
Brief introduction of British education system

In Britain, all children aged 5 to 16 must receive compulsory education. As far as courses and academic qualifications are concerned, Britain has two different systems, one is the education system in England, Wales and Northern Ireland, and the other is the education system in Scotland. Private schools and public schools in the private school system, parents generally have to pay tuition fees; Education in the public school system is free. Public schools usually don't accept foreign students under sixteen. Pre-school Education Both private schools and public schools provide pre-school education. Many children begin to receive education in kindergartens or primary schools when they are three or four years old. Private schools provide preparatory education (or primary education) for children aged 5 to 13. Many foreign students usually enter school as boarding students at the age of seven. He entered a private middle school at the age of eleven or thirteen. Primary education is a part of the public education system, providing education for the vast majority of British children. Children go to primary school at the age of five and usually enter middle school or university at the age of eleven. Secondary education All secondary schools in Britain provide education for students until they reach the age of 16, and the school helps students prepare for the general certificate of secondary education examination or equivalent courses. A considerable number of foreign students came to Britain to attend secondary schools when they were eleven or three years old, and many of them attended private boarding secondary schools. After 16 years old, middle school students can legally leave school and start work after completing compulsory education at 16 years old. However, most students will enter the Preparatory College or the College of Continuing Education as preparatory students, where they will study the Advanced Level Examination courses in middle schools or equivalent courses. International students generally come to the UK to receive education at this stage, such as taking the Advanced Level Examination courses in middle schools to prepare for further study or university in the UK. /kloc-Pre-school students after the age of 0/8 generally complete secondary education at the age of 18. Then, most students continue to pursue continuing education courses or higher education courses. Continuing education (FE) (including vocational courses and some undergraduate courses) refers to the continuing education and training for middle school graduates over 16 years old. More than 600 public and private universities in Britain offer continuing education courses. These colleges offer a wide range of courses, including English language courses, some general secondary education certificate courses, middle school advanced level examination courses and their equivalents, vocational courses, bridging courses and some undergraduate courses. Higher education (HE) (including undergraduate courses, postgraduate courses and MBA) Higher education refers to the education and training provided by universities, colleges and other institutions for undergraduate or above courses. There are more than 90 universities and more than 50 colleges of higher education in Britain. They offer a variety of courses, and most of them can get a degree or equivalent, a postgraduate degree or an MBA degree at the end of their studies.

American education system

Education in the United States comes from churches and private schools first, and then from public schools. Therefore, the traditional education system is decentralized, public and private. When the United States was founded, the federal government had no right to interfere in the education of the States. 1938+0865 After the end of the civil war, the United States began to feel the necessity of establishing a central education leading institution. 1868 The General Directorate of Education was established in the Ministry of the Interior, which only managed a small amount of federal education funds and provided assistance and consultation to schools in various states. It was not until 1979 that the Federal Ministry of Education was formally established. State education committees and their subordinate local school district committees and grass-roots school district committees still hold real power in education policies, development plans, fund allocation and so on. However, due to the increasing education funds, the federal government has 65430. National defense education law, primary and secondary education law, gifted education law; Adult education law; The promulgation and implementation of the central government's education policy has gradually penetrated into various States and places, which has had a strong impact on the whole country. Education is not only aimed at the whole people, but also involves the future of every family and individual. Therefore, education is not only a national event, but also a national and local government and social organizations. Everyone put manpower, material resources, financial resources and energy into education, forming a multi-track system of education and mobilizing the enthusiasm of running education in many ways. It is the greatest feature of American education system to run "three rounds" (universal, comprehensive and whole process) education by using the laws of market economy. This is more efficient and effective than simply relying on government funding to run schools (single track system) and running education according to the laws of planned economy. Many American social groups (religions, trade unions, enterprises) and educational groups (educational foundations, associations and research institutions) have promoted the educational reform in the United States.