The main reason for the formation of kidney calculi is diet. It is caused by too many related ingredients that can form stones in the diet. A more detailed explanation is:
Oxalic acid accumulates too much. The accumulation of oxalic acid in the body is one of the factors leading to kidney calculi. Such as spinach, beans, grapes, cocoa, tea, oranges, tomatoes, potatoes, plums, bamboo shoots and other things that people generally like to eat are foods with high oxalic acid content. Doctors found through research that 200 grams of spinach contains 725.6 milligrams of oxalic acid. If a person eats all 200 grams of spinach at one time, 8 hours after eating, the excretion of oxalic acid in urine is 20-25 mg, which is equivalent to the average total amount of oxalic acid excreted by normal people in 24 hours.
Purine metabolism disorder. Animal offal, seafood, peanuts, beans, spinach, etc. , all contain more purine components. Purine must be metabolized after entering the body, and the final product of its metabolism is uric acid. Uric acid can promote oxalate precipitation in urine. If the food rich in purine is eaten too much at one time, the purine metabolism is abnormal, and oxalate will be deposited in the urine, forming urinary calculi.
Excessive fat intake. The meat of various animals, especially fat pork, is a high-fat food. Eating too much body fat will inevitably increase, and fat will reduce the calcium that can be combined in the intestine, thus causing the absorption of oxalate to increase. If there is excretory failure, such as sweating too much, drinking too little and urinating too little, kidney calculi is likely to form in this case. Therefore, doctors often say that in order to prevent lithiasis, drink plenty of water in hot days and drink plenty of water when eating greasy food to promote smooth urination and dilute urine components, thus reducing the risk of getting stones.
Sugar is high. Sugar is an important nutrient of human body, so it should be supplemented regularly and appropriately. However, if you supplement too much at once, especially lactose, it will also create conditions for the formation of stones. Experts found that both normal people and patients with stones, after eating100g sucrose, examined their urine for 2 hours, and found that the concentrations of calcium and oxalic acid in urine increased. If lactose is ingested, it can promote the absorption of calcium, which is more likely to lead to the accumulation of calcium oxalate in the body and form urinary calculi.
Protein overdose. The chemical analysis of kidney calculi showed that calcium oxalate accounted for 87.5% of the stones. The source of such a large proportion of calcium oxalate is that in protein, besides glycine and hydroxyproline, protein can also promote the absorption of calcium by intestinal function. If you often eat too much high-protein food, calcium, oxalic acid, uric acid and other components in the kidney and urine will generally increase. If the excess calcium, oxalic acid and uric acid in the body cannot be excreted through renal function in time and effectively, the conditions of kidney calculi and ureteral calculi will be formed. This is the main reason for the rising incidence in kidney calculi, a developed country in the world.
From the above factors that are easy to form kidney calculi, in order to prevent the occurrence of this disease in kidney calculi, we must change the concept of seeking only one kind of nutrition and pursuing overnutrition. In other words, in human daily diet, we can't just eat a certain food because it is delicious and has high nutritional value. Be sure to pay attention to the collocation of food, and all kinds of food should be eaten in moderation. Even if you find that your body lacks some nutrients and needs some food to supplement it, don't eat it in large quantities at one time, because your digestion and absorption function is limited. Nutrients that cannot be digested and absorbed will be excreted through excretory organs, which will also increase the burden on the urinary system. Even if you don't have kidney calculi's disease, it's not good for your health. Especially when kidney calculi's disease is diagnosed, patients should be restricted from eating foods that are easy to promote the formation of stones during the illness.
Kidney calculi is a kind of urolithiasis, which is mostly formed in hot summer. Because of sweating in summer, even dehydration in the body, urination is reduced. In addition, long-term exposure to sunlight in summer helps to increase the synthesis of vitamin D and vitamin A in the body. Vitamin D and vitamin A can promote the absorption of calcium ions in the small intestine and increase the excretion of calcium in urine, and stone substances in urine are easy to produce crystal nuclei, thus forming stones. When the weather is cold in winter, people's urine volume increases, and the small stones formed are washed away by urine and move down, which causes renal colic symptoms. Therefore, kidney calculi is often characterized by "rising in winter and falling in summer".
People's diet is diverse, and people's metabolism is complicated, so the composition of kidney calculi is also diverse. Common stones can be divided into five types according to their components: calcium oxalate stones: the most common stones, accounting for more than 80% in kidney calculi, are formed in acidic or neutral urine, mostly young adults, especially men. Calcium diphosphate stones: accounting for 6-9% of stones, formed in alkaline urine, and also more common in young men. Uric acid stones: accounting for 6% of stones, formed in acidic urine, and dissolved when the PH value of urine is greater than 6.7, which is more common in men. Magnesium ammonium tetraphosphate stones: accounting for 65,438+00% of stones, formed in alkaline urine, and dissolved when the PH value of urine is less than 7.2, which is more common in women. Cystine stones: rare, accounting for about 1-2% of stones, formed in acidic urine and dissolved when the PH value of urine is greater than 7.0.
Drinking more water can prevent and treat all kinds of urolithiasis. In the hot summer, when the daily urine volume is less than 1200ml, the risk of urinary calculi increases obviously. If the amount of drinking water can be 2000-4000 ml per day, the amount of urine can be maintained above 2000 ml per day. Magnetized water is more effective in the prevention and treatment of calcium oxalate stones, and daily drinking water can be given in the morning, between meals and before going to bed. Drinking water in the morning can reach 500- 1000 ml. In order to maintain the amount of urine at night, drink 500ml before going to bed, 300-500ml after getting up to urinate during sleep, and drink the rest between meals. Drinking plenty of water can promote the discharge of small stones, and diluting urine can prevent the formation of urinary stone crystals and delay the growth rate of stones.
Vehlensieck, a foreign scholar from 65438 to 0985, believes that drinking more water and diet therapy can prevent 2/3 patients with recurrent stones from regenerating new stones. Here are some dietary therapies in kidney calculi.
⑴ Calcium oxalate calculus: Low calcium and low oxalic acid diet should be adopted. Eat less milk and dairy products, bean products, meat, animal internal organs (such as liver, heart, kidney, intestine, etc.). ), as well as chocolate, strong tea, sesame paste, egg yolk, mushrooms, spinach, dried shrimps, radishes, cocoa, celery, potatoes and so on. In recent years, it has been found that cellulose in food can reduce the formation of urinary calcium, such as wheat bran bread and rice bran in wheat bran food, which is effective for recurrent high calcium urinary calculi. Lack of vitamin B 1 and vitamin B6 increases urinary oxalic acid, so foods rich in these vitamins, such as grains, dried fruits and hard fruits, should be increased.
⑵ Calcium phosphate stone and magnesium ammonium phosphate stone: Its low calcium diet is the same as calcium oxalate stone. Eat less meat, fish and bone soup in low-phosphorus foods.
⑶ Urolithiasis: The intake of protein should be limited, and the daily total intake of protein should be 48-80g(0.8- 1.0g/kg/ day). Generally, leafy vegetables contain about 10g protein per catty, lean meat contains about 10g protein per 50g, and cereals contain 35-60g protein per catty. Neotame, neon, Shen Jun and vitamin C need to be added. Their final metabolites in the body are alkaline, and uric acid is easily dissolved in alkaline urine, which is beneficial to treatment. Routine treatment: eat a cold diet (raw fruit, juice, lettuce) once every 1-2 days, and eat a cold diet at least once a week. Eat or avoid less meat, animal offal, broth, gravy, sardines, crabs, spinach, strong tea and coffee, and use less strong spices and condiments.
In real life, many diseases are closely related to daily diet. If you can live properly, you can sometimes eat moderately, and even most cancers may be avoided. Kidney calculi's disease is a stubborn disease, which reminds us how to prevent it with diet, or slow down the growth of stones, or even reduce the dissolution and excretion.
(1) Drinking plenty of boiled water and water will dilute urine, reduce the concentration of calcium ions and oxalate, and will not form calcium oxalate stones. Studies have shown that the incidence of kidney calculi can be reduced by 86% if urine volume increases by 50%.
(2) Reasonable calcium supplementation, especially dietary calcium supplementation. Kidney calculi patients often "talk about calcium discoloration" and mistakenly think that calcium is the chief culprit in kidney calculi, but it is not. Kidney calculi patients also need calcium supplements. At present, the medical community explains why kidney calculi patients need calcium supplementation from two different angles.
First of all, calcium supplementation can combine with oxalic acid contained in vegetables in the gastrointestinal tract to form insoluble calcium oxalate, which will be excreted with feces, reducing part of oxalic acid absorbed by the gastrointestinal tract and excreted by the kidneys, thus reducing the probability of kidney calculi.
The second is the "acid-base balance theory" put forward by Japanese scholars. That is, when the blood is acidic, it is easy to form stones. When alkaline, inhibit the formation of stones. When calcium is deficient, the blood is acidic, and reasonable calcium supplementation makes the blood alkaline, which is beneficial to inhibit the formation of stones.
(3) Limit sugar intake. A recent study by American scientists shows that eating high-sugar foods will increase the risk of kidney calculi's disease. So pay attention to eating less sweets.
(4) Eat less foods with high oxalate content. Foods with high oxalate content include tomatoes, spinach, strawberries, beets and chocolate. Excessive oxalate intake is also one of the main reasons for kidney calculi.
(5) Eat less soy products. The content of oxalate and phosphate in soybean food is very high, which can be fused with calcium in kidney to form stones.
(6) Drink milk carefully before going to bed. People with poor sleep, drinking milk before going to bed will help them sleep. However, after sleep, urine volume decreased and concentrated, and various tangible substances in urine increased. 2~3 hours after drinking milk is the peak of calcium excretion through the kidney. Calcium suddenly increases through the kidney in a short time, which is easy to form stones. Therefore, kidney calculi patients should not drink milk with high calcium content before going to bed.
(7) Don't eat too much cod liver oil. Cod liver oil is rich in vitamin D, which can promote the absorption of calcium and phosphorus by intestinal membrane. However, sudden increase in the excretion of calcium and phosphorus in urine will inevitably lead to precipitation and easy formation of stones.
(8) Eat more black fungus. Auricularia auricula is rich in various minerals and trace elements, which can produce a strong chemical reaction to various stones, so that stones can be stripped, differentiated, dissolved and excreted.