Testing center: educational scientific research and its methods
I. Overview of Educational Science Research
(A) the concept and nature of educational scientific research
Educational scientific research is a process of collecting, sorting out and analyzing relevant information, taking educational problems as the object, using scientific methods and following certain research procedures, so as to discover and summarize educational laws.
Like all scientific research, educational research consists of three basic elements, namely, objective facts, scientific theories and methods, and technology. The basic nature of educational research is: culture, value and subjectivity.
(B) Principles and characteristics of educational scientific research
1. Principles of educational scientific research
(1) principle of objectivity; (2) the principle of innovation; (3) the principle of integrating theory with practice; (4) Ethical principles.
2. Characteristics of educational scientific research
Educational scientific research has both the characteristics of general scientific research and its own characteristics, which are objective, scientific, systematic, comprehensive and verifiable.
(C) the object and significance of educational scientific research
1. The object of educational science research
The object of educational science research is educational problems, including theoretical problems and practical problems. Educational problems have the following characteristics: complexity, dilemma, openness, integration and diffusion.
2. The significance of educational research
(1) Promote education reform and development;
(2) improve the quality of education;
(3) improving teachers' own quality;
(4) Perfecting and developing educational theory.
Second, the basic process of educational scientific research
(1) Select a research topic;
(2) Educational literature retrieval and review;
(3) making a research plan;
(4) Collection, arrangement and analysis of educational research materials;
(5) Writing of educational research report.
Third, the basic methods of scientific research in primary education
(A) Educational observation method
Survey of education refers to a scientific research method in which people systematically investigate the objective things in the natural state through the senses and auxiliary instruments in a purposeful and planned way to obtain empirical facts. Survey of education is a widely used method in educational science research.
Educational observation method is not limited to naked eye observation and listening to notes, but also can use audio-visual tools, such as tape recorders, video recorders, movie machines and so on.
(B) Educational survey methods
Education investigation method is a set of practical activities under the guidance of education theory, which collects information about education problems through observation, list, questionnaire, interview, case study and test, so as to make a scientific analysis of the current situation of education and put forward specific work suggestions.
In the research of education investigation, the commonly used investigation methods include consulting materials, questionnaire survey, holding investigation meetings, interviews and questionnaire survey, among which questionnaire survey is the most basic and widely used method.
(3) Educational experimental methods
Educational experimental research method is a research method that actively intervenes or controls the occurrence and development process of the research object according to the research purpose, and explores and verifies the causal relationship of the studied phenomenon through observation, measurement and comparison.
The purpose of experimental research is to find the causal relationship between things, and it is the only research that can determine the causal relationship among all kinds of research.
Educational action research
Action research refers to a research method that practitioners (such as teachers) cooperate with experts, scholars and members of their own units to conduct systematic research on practical problems based on the need to solve practical problems.
(E) Educational narrative research
Narrative research is a research method that grasps the story characteristics of human experience and presents the research results in the form of stories.
It focuses on the stories that happened in some scenes and practices, and how the protagonist thinks, plans, responds, feels and understands these stories. That is to say, the process of the education subject describing the real situation of education and teaching is a research method to realize the true meaning of education by telling educational stories. Thinking about phenomena and studying problems through educational narration is a process of discovering and revealing educational experience, and it is an organic integration of objective process, real experience and subjective interpretation.
Review of primary school teacher qualification certificate in 2020