Ranked country name Economic strength, scientific and technological strength, military strength, resource strength, social development, annual growth rate of government regulation and diplomacy, comprehensive national strength 1? Us 325 1？ 17 18? 2249? 547 559 185 13 1 0.43%? 8639 2? Japan 2 158? 1 1 1 1? 806 226 4 16 169 100 0.26%? 4986 3? France 1588? 994? 8 14 20 1 4 19 184 1 19 0.3 1%? 43 19 4? Britain 1602? 856? 830 2 17 400 17 1 1 12 0.75%? 4 188 5? Germany 1762? 854? 623 19 1 4 19 184 107 0.48%? 4 139 6? China 132 1? 3 12? 508 483 245 133 1 16 2.98%? 3 1 19 7? Russia 598? 504? 863 52 1 332 157 1 18 2.20%? 3092 8? Canada 836? 227? 176 532 423 174 99 1.92%? 2467 9? Italy 743? 252? 227 228 397 16 1 97 1.97%? 2 106 10? Australia 554 147? 130 375 4 10 148 89 2.56%? 1852 1 1? Brazil? 55 1? 2 1 1? 169 382 253 1 10 85 2.2 1%? 1762 12? Spain 62 1? 157? 1 14 209 364 124 85 2.08%? 1674 13? India? 588? 176? 170 334 189 104 87 1.79%? 1650 (I) overall situation of China's comprehensive national strength China ranks sixth, and it is the country with the second strongest comprehensive national strength. The comprehensive national strength is far lower than that of the United States, ranking behind Britain, Russia, France and Germany, but surpassing Japan, Canada, South Korea and India. China's comprehensive national strength ranks lower in terms of national strength resources, and it has to lag behind Russia, India and all developed countries. Judging from the strength of science and technology, China's technology investment is seriously insufficient. In 2004, R & amp；; D expenditure is only 1860 1 billion dollars, accounting for 1.3 1% of GDP, while the average level of developed countries here is 2.4%. In terms of scientific and technological output, in 2002, the number of patents obtained by China residents abroad was 633, only higher than that of India, and the per capita labor productivity was $2,095, equivalent to 3.3% of the average labor productivity of developed countries here. The export scale of high-tech industries in China is huge, accounting for 27% of all manufacturing exports. There are two reasons for this result. First, the processing trade of China's huge high-tech industry was formed. Although the high-tech industry has high added value, it has no independent intellectual property rights, so it cannot reflect the scientific and technological strength of China. In addition, China's high-tech industries do have advanced technologies in aerospace and other fields, and have certain international competitiveness. China ranks first in human resources, mainly because of its abundant labor resources. In 2004, China's total labor force reached 787 million, nearly twice that of India, which ranked second. China's labor force is poorly educated. The average length of education in China is 10 years, and the illiteracy rate is close to12% (in 2002), so I have to stay in India. In 2002, the enrollment rate of higher education in China was 5%, which was the lowest among the big countries, and it also reached 8% in India. ? China ranks eighth in terms of capital resources. With the rapid economic growth and high savings rate in China, the overall savings level in China is very high. In 2004, the total savings reached $606,543.8 +0.8 billion, ranking fourth. Since the reform and opening up, the policy of actively introducing foreign capital has achieved remarkable results. In 2003, China's foreign capital stock reached 50 1, 4 1 billion US dollars, ranking sixth. However, the financing capacity of China stock market is very limited at present. In 2003, the trading volume of the stock market was $686,543,802 billion, accounting for 48.09% of GDP, far lower than that of developed countries. China's information power is very backward. In terms of infrastructure, in 2003, the density of highway network in China was 0. 18km per square kilometer, while the average level in developed countries was 1.59km, the density of railway network in China was 0.0 1km, and the average level in developed countries was 0.05km per square kilometer, while the air passenger volume in China was still very large. In terms of information infrastructure, the backwardness of China lies in the limited per capita possession of various information facilities, and the low per capita possession level of computers, broadband, Internet and telephones. In 2004, the number of computers per thousand people in China was 4 1, and that in the United States was 763. There are 78.53 Internet users per thousand people in China and 632.2 in the United States. The number of broadband users per thousand households in China is 8. 14, and that in the United States is 86.27. As far as natural resources are concerned, China ranks fourth. China has a vast territory, but its per capita arable land is small, and its energy output is large, but its relative energy demand level is low. In 2002, the proportion of total energy production and demand was 99.4%. With the rapid economic growth in China, the increasing consumption of resources and energy, and the problems of waste of resources and low efficiency of energy utilization in China, China's energy self-sufficiency rate will become lower and lower, and resources will become scarcer and scarcer, which will restrict the sustained economic growth in China. In the IMD "Energy Adequacy and Effectiveness" survey, China scored 3.7, only higher than India (3.6) among the top ten countries. China ranks fourth in government supervision, mainly because of the high ranking of government performance. The ability of China government to provide public goods is limited. In 2003, China's total public health expenditure accounted for 5.8% of GDP, only slightly higher than that of South Korea, ranking first in the United States with a ratio of 14.6%. China's public education expenditure accounts for 3.3% of GDP, only slightly higher than India's 3.2% and lower than that of all other big countries, among which Canadian expenditure is as high as 8. 1%, and that of the United States is 6.2%. In terms of total government expenditure, China is only slightly better than India. Compared with the ability to provide public goods, China ranks third in government performance. China's proactive fiscal policy and prudent monetary policy have played an important role in stimulating China's economic growth and stabilizing the macroeconomic environment, so China ranks first in public finance and second in fiscal policy. However, China is in the middle position in providing an institutional environment for economic growth and a social system that reflects the coordinated development of economy and society. It should be said that although there is a trend of expanding income distribution in China, social equity needs to be improved, and the efficiency of the central bank and the government is still low, economic development is a social development goal acceptable to all sectors of society at this stage, and social cohesion is still very strong as a whole. In addition, the China municipal government ranks poorly in supporting the construction of legal environment for enterprises to create added value, and the lack of legal innovation has become a restrictive factor for China's economic growth. In a word, the development advantages of China's national strength resources lie in its rich labor resources, abundant capital resources, long-term stable domestic environment, the government's policies and guidelines of striving for progress steadily, backward technical level, low labor quality, backward information power, incompatible systems and environment and infrastructure supporting innovation system, and the overall national strength resources are in a backward position. In China's national strength system, the diplomatic strength and military strength are stronger, the government's regulatory power ranks fourth, and the economic strength ranks sixth, while the national strength resources are only higher than those of Russia and India, and the national strength structure is unbalanced.