0 ~ 2 years old, this period belongs to the nastic movement period in cognitive development, and it is also the starting stage of moral emotion in moral development.

2 ~ 6, 7 years old, this period belongs to the pre-operation period of cognitive development, and it is the initial stage of children's moral development, which can be called the "heteronomy" stage of morality. Heteronomy means that children's moral judgment is restricted and dominated by values other than their own.

6, 7 ~ 1 1, 12 years old, this period belongs to the specific operation stage, and it belongs to the "self-discipline" stage in moral development.

1 1, 12 ~ 14, 15 years old, this period belongs to the stage of formal operation and the stage of justice in moral development.

(B) The main characteristics of Piaget's moral education theory

1. It is certain that children's cognitive development is a necessary condition for their moral development. In Piaget's view, children's moral judgment, moral emotion and learning and understanding of moral rules are all restricted by cognitive level.

2. Enriched and developed the stage theory of children's moral development, and determined the appropriate role of education. He pointed out that children's moral development stage is an unstoppable and irreversible continuous process, which can be summarized as "self-love-heteronomy-self-discipline-justice" and so on, and made a detailed demonstration of moral development in each stage.

Extending Piaget's related theories to moral education has many guiding significance. First, the improvement of children's moral consciousness is a gradual development process. As an educator, we should understand children well, try our best to make the content of moral education suitable for children's cognitive level, and not put forward unrealistic requirements for children beyond the development stage. Secondly, developing intelligence is a necessary condition to improve children's moral consciousness; Thirdly, developing self-evaluation ability is an important aspect of improving moral awareness.

Piaget's theory of moral development not only gives people great enlightenment, but also has some shortcomings: (1) focuses on the study of children's moral development from the perspective of cognitive development, but ignores the significance of moral behavior, especially good habits, in moral education. (2) Nurses understand the influence of changing social moral standards or different backgrounds on the formation of children's moral judgments.