How to find problems in the research of educational scientific research projects

First, the significance of conducting research.

Educational scientific research refers to the study of education and teaching by scientific methods. Project research is a basic form of educational research. Its significance is mainly manifested in the following aspects:

1, promoting education reform and development

2. Improve the quality of education.

3. Enrich and develop educational theory.

4. Cultivate teachers' scientific research consciousness and ability, and improve teachers' quality.

"At present, from the perspective of the role of teachers in the education system, the responsibilities of teachers and researchers gradually tend to be consistent."

The process of educational research:

Theoretical conception-obtaining factual experience-sorting out and summarizing factual experience-widely applying and further refining-establishing the theoretical system of educational science

Classification of educational research methods

Four levels of research

1. Visual observation level (data collection level)

2. Explore the level of reasons (intrinsic effectiveness)

3. Transfer promotion level (external validity)

4. Theoretical research level

(2) Basic types

1. According to the research purpose, function and role, it is divided into basic research, applied research, development research, evaluation research and prediction research.

2. According to the research methods: historical research, descriptive research, relevant comparative research, experimental research and theoretical research.

Second, the general process of research.

The first stage: research preparation stage.

(A) determine the research topic

1, the characteristics of the research topic

(1) belongs to the field and problem of educational science, and the solution of the problem can promote the development of educational science.

(2) It must have certain universal significance.

(3) Clear and centralized research scope and tasks.

4) It must be possible to solve it.

2, the principle of topic selection

(1) Need principle

(2) the principle of novelty

(3) the principle of feasibility

Step 3: Select the topic

(1) Determine the scope according to interests and the needs of educational practice.

(2) Ask questions and determine the research direction.

(3) The argumentation topic should be considered from the following aspects: whether it is suitable for the topic; Whether it is valuable; Whether it is feasible.

4. Finding problems-the starting point of educational research.

A. The root of the problem

Asking questions from the logical contradiction of educational theory

Looking for problems from the contradiction between educational theory and educational practice

Looking for problems from the practice of educational reform and development

Asking questions from the information of social and educational development

B. Strategies for finding problems

Bold doubt

Change the angle of thinking

Analogy and transplantation

C. Make yourself a person who is good at finding problems.

First, we should have a good professional theoretical foundation and always pay attention to the trends and development trends of educational research.

Second, we should have the consciousness of not satisfying the status quo, being diligent in thinking and pursuing change.

In a word, selecting and determining the research topic is the first and key step in educational research, which not only determines the main direction, goal and content of researchers' current and future scientific research work, but also stipulates the methods and approaches that should be adopted in scientific research work to some extent. Whether an original and meaningful question can be determined will also play a positive role in the development of educational science. Therefore, the topic selection has an important strategic position in the research work and must be paid attention to.

(2) Design the research scheme

The project research plan is the overall plan to complete the research task, provides the evaluation basis for the project research and demonstration, and is also a comprehensive and systematic working procedure.

1, the expression of the subject

It mainly reveals the argument of the subject, which is a high summary of the research content of the subject, and requires the subject to clearly express the research content, tasks and research methods. For example, an experimental study on children with mental retardation attending classes.

2. Explain the background, purpose and significance of the project.

It refers to the internal and external reasons of the subject, the goal to be achieved, the purpose of research, social value and theoretical value.

3. The scope and object of the study.

The so-called research scope, some refers to the geographical scope of research, some refers to the content scope, object scope and time scope of research.

The so-called research objects are: first, problems in education, such as the study of students' subjectivity; One is events in education, such as textbooks and teaching methods; One is the specific objects in teaching, such as students and teachers.

4. Assumptions and concept definitions in the study.

A good hypothesis should meet four criteria in content and expression.

(1) is expressed in a declarative way.

(2) A hypothesis can only state the relationship between two variables.

(3) Hypothesis is to be tested and must be testable.

(4) Assumption should fully reflect the possible relationship between different values of variables involved in the project.

5. Research methods.

Observation, investigation, experimental summary, comparison, literature and other research methods are widely used in education and teaching research.

6. Explain the manipulation and control of experimental factors and irrelevant factors.

Experimental factors refer to the reasons why the hypotheses to be compared and studied in experimental research lead to certain results, also known as independent variables.

Irrelevant factors refer to some factors that do not need to be studied in the experiment, but may also affect the experimental results.

In experimental design, we should concretize the experimental factors and design them into something that can be executed and operated.

There are three ways to control irrelevant factors: one is to eliminate, the other is to balance, and the third is to offset.

7. Steps of research.

The time arrangement of each step of project research is to carry out creative, comprehensive, divided and comprehensive work according to the content of project research. The general process is:

(1) Preparation-Implementation-Summary

(2) Drafting scheme-pre-test-experiment-post-test-writing report

8. Expression of research results

There are research reports, audio-visual materials, computer software, teaching AIDS, learning tools and so on.

9. Organizational form of research.

(1) Unified topic and collective research;

(2) unifying the subject and dispersing the research; Project leader; Sub-research group;

(3) self-selected topics and independent research;

10, budget and project funding sources

1, what is sampling?

In education and scientific research, a part of the research population is usually selected as the research object. This process is called sampling or sampling. The selected research objects are called samples.

2. The significance of sampling

(1) is the starting point of education and scientific research, and many objects are difficult to start with.

(2) Make the research work more economical and save manpower, material resources and expenses.

(3) The accuracy of scientific research results can be maintained.

3. Sampling method

(1) random sampling, each individual has an equal chance of being drawn.

Simple random sampling

B mechanical random sampling, also known as equidistant sampling method.

Class c random sampling

(2) Non-random sampling

purposive sampling

Accidental sampling

Quality sampling

The second stage: the research stage.

(A) the implementation of scientific research activities of the three elements

1, with a clear research object.

2. There must be a careful and specific plan.

3. There should be scientific research methods.

(2) Collection of research data

1, authenticity

2. Typical

Step 3 be appropriate

(3) Processing and sorting of research data

1, verification

Step 2 classify

3. Summary

Attachment: Time proportion of social science research activities

Topic selection (7.7%)- intelligence gathering (52.9%)- scientific thinking and experiment (32. 1%)- formation of academic observation and information processing (7.3%).

The third stage: the final stage of the research (processing the research results)

(1) Write a conclusion report

The project shall include the following contents

1, research topic investigation

2, research results and materials (reports, papers, monographs, etc.). )

3. Identify

(2) exchange research results

Publishing, distribution, awards, exchanges, etc.

1, project file.

2. Research scheme and phased implementation plan.

3. Experimental records during the research.

4. Organize data in the study.