Educational science research methods briefly describe the types, characteristics, advantages and disadvantages of questionnaire topics as follows:

First, open questions and answers.

Open-ended question-and-answer means that the questions asked do not list all possible answers, but the respondents can answer them freely.

For example, "What's the reason why you don't see a doctor?"

Advantages:

Open-ended questions can let the interviewees fully express their opinions and reasons, and they are more in-depth, stimulate free thinking, clarify the interviewees' opinions and lead to suggestions, so vivid information can be collected, some subtle differences between the interviewees may also be reflected, and sometimes unexpected answers can be obtained by researchers. Especially suitable for exploratory research.

Disadvantages:

1 needs more time and energy, and the respondent must find the right words to express it.

2. Open-ended questions require respondents to have a high level of education.

Because many people are not used to or unwilling to express their views in words, the response rate is often very low.

4. There are a lot of useless information in the data collected by open-ended questions, which are often unable to be classified and coded, and it is difficult to establish meaningful variables for statistical analysis.

5. The investigator's records in the interview directly affect the investigation results.

Second, closed question and answer

It refers to the way in which all possible answers are designed in advance, and respondents only need to choose one or several ready-made answers from them.

Example: What is your education level?

0= illiterate 1= primary school 2= junior high school 3= senior high school/technical secondary school 4= junior college 5= university 6= university and above.

Advantages:

1, easy to answer, save time

2. Answering irrelevant questions can be minimized.

3. It is beneficial to improve the recovery rate and efficiency of the questionnaire.

4. It is easy to carry out various statistical processing and analysis.

Disadvantages:

1, the respondent can only answer within the specified range, and shall not reflect other real thoughts;

2. Its design is very difficult. Once the design is flawed, respondents may not be able to answer questions correctly, thus affecting the quality of the survey.

3. For some people, the answer gives them a chance to guess and answer casually;

4, sometimes prone to clerical errors.

Third, semi-closed question and answer

It is a compromise between the above two problems. Although choices are provided, respondents can also create their own answers.

For example, what kind of people do you turn to most often (please select only one):

① Family Service Coordinator

② Social workers in hospitals

③ Community psychiatrists

④ Others (please specify:)

Advantages:

If you ignore the exact choice, you can also provide an answer; If there are many other types, the options provided by the prompt may not be enough.

Disadvantages:

The "Other" category provides little information, and respondents usually choose several answers provided and rarely put forward their own opinions.