Because I originally planned to let my daughter YOYO go to school early, I went to a nearby kindergarten to learn about the situation. Later, because I moved, I participated in two preschool activities in different kindergartens. In the long run, I am also a modest expert. Most of the public kindergartens in Baden where we are located are mixed classes of 3-6 years old, so preschool education permeates kindergartens. After the Christmas and New Year holidays, two kindergartens in YOYO began to learn preschool content twice a week for children who went to school that year. Compared with preschool classes in China, German preschool education seems a little thin in learning content and curriculum. But if you think about it carefully, the main purpose of preschool education is to prepare for the transition from young to young, rather than starting primary school courses early, so this time is actually enough.
Pre-school education content
Pay attention to concentration and logic training.
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In pre-school education in Germany, there is not much time to sit down and learn knowledge. For preschool children, the kindergarten will have 1~2 times a week to sit quietly and prepare for the 45-minute class in primary school. In addition, kindergartens will also arrange some courses as pre-school preparation, but most of these courses focus on concentration training and logical games, such as finding out the differences between two pictures, sorting out pictures and so on. Occasionally, there will be something related to German or mathematics in the course, such as finding the first letter of a word. But the overall curriculum is more for children to learn in the game, and the learning content is also very practical and grounded, such as learning to count money, understanding the concept of time, observing the hourglass and clock, and feeling the length and weight. Let children experience how many boxes of milk their weight is, and carry out various scientific experiments. For example, make a small water circulation system to understand the transformation of water in nature. Or do your own water purification experiment, experience the magic of light and observe the relationship between combustion and oxygen. The content of the course is both scientific and interesting, and children are very happy to participate in it.
Organizing children to go out to participate in various activities is a major feature of pre-school education in Germany, and it is also very popular with children. There are many kinds of outing activities in German kindergartens, but there are more for preschool children, such as visiting fire stations, police stations and meteorological bureaus. When visiting the police station, the police uncle of the local police station will give lessons to the former children.
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Children obey the traffic rules. Because it is a field trip, the children feel that all the contents are novel and worth remembering. It is also of practical significance for kindergartens to make such special arrangements, because most primary schools in Germany are nearby, so children can go to school independently with the permission of their parents, and it is particularly important for children to master the basic rules at this time. This will also greatly exercise the independence of children.
The last stop of YOYO Kindergarten's pre-school outing is to visit Heidelberg Meteorological Station at the top of the castle, and listen to the professional staff explain the relevant knowledge of meteorology, so that children can observe and learn the knowledge of meteorology and nature at the meteorological station. Finally, kindergartens usually organize an important visit, which is to visit primary schools. Because it is close to the school, the kindergarten is connected with the public primary schools in the area. Moreover, primary schools have teachers who are responsible for the transition from young to young, taking preschool children to primary school classrooms. Most of them are painting, singing and dancing, and making handicrafts, mainly to let children feel the atmosphere of the school classroom and experience the length of a class for themselves.
Cook a dinner for parents.
It's a graduation activity in kindergarten. The last preschool graduation activity in kindergarten is very interesting. The theme is to prepare a dinner for mom and dad. From purchasing to production, children who are about to go to primary school are in charge. First, copy the materials you need to buy from the menu, and then take them.
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Take the money to the supermarket, the teacher waits outside the supermarket, and the children do it themselves from purchasing to payment. Kindergartens are afraid that big supermarkets are in uncontrollable danger, so they deliberately choose smaller supermarkets so that teachers can always see their children and carefully consider the details. Next, the children will have to make hard preparations, whether it is the washing and cutting of salad, sweet pepper, cucumber and fruit in fruit dessert, or the dough mixing, modeling and baking of pizza, they must do it by themselves. These, according to the kindergarten teacher, the children have been preparing for the whole day, very hard, very hard. The children prepared everything from the main course of the first meal to the dessert after the meal. When welcoming parents to sit down and start eating, children will stay by and serve the table: set the table, add drinks, change plates, etc. Until my parents finish eating. Through such an interesting graduation activity, the kindergarten officially announced that children are about to enter the next important stage: primary school. In addition to these activities specially prepared for preschool children, in the daily affairs of kindergartens, children who are about to enter primary schools are actually receiving preschool education in all aspects, from the exemplary position in kindergarten activities to the mutual assistance in eating, dressing and going out, preschool children are learning all the time: the ability to solve problems independently, the sense of responsibility and self-confidence ... This is also the greatest benefit of the mixed-class kindergarten system. In kindergarten, the acquisition of knowledge is only a small part, and the acquisition of ability is more important.
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Generally speaking, kindergartens in Germany still attach great importance to preschool education, and there is no prohibition by German legislation. Different kindergartens in Germany, although each has its own emphasis, have only one theme, helping children to transition to young age, but never involving the curriculum content of primary schools. I think this is the biggest difference from the present preschool education in China.