Humanities education majors cultivate compound talents with good ideological and moral quality, solid basic theory and knowledge of literature, history and philosophy, and can engage in comprehensive humanities courses and related sub-disciplines teaching in basic education schools and secondary vocational schools.
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First, the orientation of literati education and humanistic education: on the education of "adults"
Education is originally human education, but we see that it unconsciously gives up the responsibility of educating "people" and dispels its own essence. People's education is neglected, and knowledge education and professional education are strengthened. Once education is divorced from people, from people's soul or spirit, it is not education strictly. As Jaspers said: "Education is the education of human soul, not the accumulation of rational knowledge and understanding." ?
Because of this, people keep calling for strengthening humanities education. However, we are faced with different choices and orientations about what kind of humanistic education to strengthen.
Generally speaking, when people talk about humanities education, it is not a definite and recognized meaning, but often expresses a variety of meanings. There are three most common types: one is humanistic education, the other is humanistic education, and the third is education about "adults". The following are the basic meanings of these three expressions.
The so-called humanistic education refers to the humanistic education in the European Renaissance. This is an educational thought and practice advocated by progressive thinkers and educators at that time. Starting from the interests of the emerging bourgeoisie and the theory of human nature, it broke through the rule of medieval scholasticism and church obscurantism education. People-oriented and all-round development of new talents is the ideal of education, and so should educational innovation. It has important progressive significance in the history of modern education, and its basic spirit still has beneficial enlightenment to today's education.
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First, the orientation of literati education and humanistic education: on the education of "adults"
Education is originally human education, but we see that it unconsciously gives up the responsibility of educating "people" and dispels its own essence. People's education is neglected, and knowledge education and professional education are strengthened. Once education is divorced from people, from people's soul or spirit, it is not education strictly. As Jaspers said: "Education is the education of human soul, not the accumulation of rational knowledge and understanding.
Because of this, people keep calling for strengthening humanities education. However, we are faced with different choices and orientations about what kind of humanistic education to strengthen.
Generally speaking, when people talk about humanities education, it is not a definite and recognized meaning, but often expresses a variety of meanings. There are three most common types: one is humanistic education, the other is humanistic education, and the third is education about "adults". The following are the basic meanings of these three expressions.
The so-called humanistic education. At that time, progressive thinkers and educators, starting from the interests of the emerging bourgeoisie and the theory of human nature, broke through the rule of medieval scholasticism and church obscurantism education, advocated taking people as the center, and advocated cultivating new people who were physically and mentally healthy, knowledgeable and versatile as the educational ideal, and carried out educational innovation accordingly. This educational thought and practice has important progressive significance in the history of modern education, and its basic spirit still has beneficial enlightenment to today's education.
Humanistic education refers to education with humanity as its basic content. This kind of education is reflected in the "Six Arts" education in ancient China and the "Seven Arts" education tradition in Greece. Early humanistic education paid more attention to the value of mental training and emotional training than to training experts. At the same time, the basic purpose of humanities education is often limited by the cultural vision, which is only limited to the scope of pure humanities, which also forms an undue obstacle to the development of humanities education.
About "adult" education. This is aimed at ignoring people, using people as tools, or strengthening people's one-sided development and ignoring the coordinated development of people's body and mind. Based on the concept of holistic education, it strives to cultivate complete people through moral, intellectual and physical education, rather than "half-man" or "robot", emphasizes giving people extensive training rather than just professional training, and holds that the purpose of education is to make people's body and mind develop in an all-round way and become real people.
Faced with the expression of the above three concepts, the basic connotation of humanistic education is located in the third kind, that is, "adult" education. If we pay attention to the unity of humanistic culture and scientific culture, establish the dialectical unity view of people-oriented and society-oriented in values, emphasize the unity rather than separation of basic education and professional education, and absorb the basic spirit expressed by the first two kinds of humanistic education, then the view that humanistic education is "adult" education shows the significance and modern height of education.