Introduction:
Cai Yuanpei was the first educational thinker who proposed that "the national education of soldiers, the education of materialism, the education of civic morality, the education of world outlook and the education of aesthetic education should not be neglected", and advocated the simultaneous development of five educations, which is a remarkable feature of Cai Yuanpei's educational thought.
Put forward the background
Shortly after the victory of the Revolution of 1911, the Nanjing Provisional Government was put forward just after its establishment. At that time, education in China was at an important turning point in history. With the victory of the Revolution of 1911, thousands of years of feudal rule in China was overthrown. However, the feudal education reform in the field of education has just started, only some specific temporary regulations have been promulgated, and there is still a lack of clear educational guiding ideology and new educational purposes.
In order to make the bourgeois reform of feudal education develop deeply and healthily, it is urgent to determine an educational purpose that reflects the bourgeois requirements as soon as possible under the guidance of unified educational ideas, so as to stipulate the bourgeois objectives and requirements for talent training. Therefore, in this situation, Cai Yuanpei published a famous educational paper "New Education Theory" in February19/kloc-0, and systematically put forward the idea of "five educations simultaneously".
Function:
According to the different requirements of the autocratic era and a Republic for education, from the perspective of cultivating the sound personality of the people of the Republic, he put forward the educational thought of combining military education, utilitarian education, civic moral education, world outlook education and aesthetic education, which broke through the talent training mode of "Chinese style and western use" in modern China society and embodied the inheritance and transcendence of traditional educational thought and the positive absorption of western educational thought.
Five educations at the same time is the first educational thought in the history of modern education in China that fully embodies the unity of social value and human development value and pursues human freedom and harmonious development.
Status and influence
The simultaneous education of "five educations" is an education with harmonious development of morality, intelligence, physique and beauty, which conforms to the requirements of historical development at that time, denies the purpose of feudal education and semi-colonial and semi-feudal education, and is also a great progress in the history of educational thought. From the perspective of personnel training, it also conforms to the educational law of people's all-round development.