First, save yourself when the flood comes.
1. When the flood comes, people who have no time to move should quickly move to nearby hillsides, highlands, buildings, flood shelters and other places, or immediately climb on roofs, tall buildings, trees, high walls and other places for temporary refuge.
2. If the flood continues to rise and it is difficult to protect yourself in a temporary shelter, you should make full use of the prepared life-saving equipment to escape, or quickly find some floating objects such as door panels, tables and chairs, wooden beds and large pieces of foam plastic to make rafts to escape.
3. If you have been surrounded by floods, try to get in touch with the flood control department of the local government as soon as possible, report your position and danger, and actively seek rescue. Note: Never swim to escape, do not climb electrified telephone poles and iron towers, and do not climb the roof of mud houses.
If you have been involved in the flood, you must try your best to catch fixed or floating things and look for opportunities to escape.
5. When it is found that the high-voltage tower is tilted or the wires are broken and drooping, it must be quickly avoided to prevent direct electric shock or grounding? Step voltage? get an electric shock
Second, what should I do if I encounter sudden flash floods, mudslides or landslides?
(1) What about sudden flash floods?
1, be sure to keep calm, quickly judge the surrounding environment, and move to the mountains or higher places as soon as possible; If you can't escape for a while, you should choose a relatively safe place to avoid the flood.
2. When flash floods break out, don't run along the spillway, but flee to both sides quickly.
Don't wade across the river easily when mountain torrents break out.
If you are trapped by mountain torrents, you should contact the flood control department of the local government in time to seek rescue.
(B) How to avoid mudslides
1. When it is known that debris flow will occur in a certain area for a period of time, emergency evacuation and protective measures should be taken in this area, and people should be forcibly transferred to a safe area. The establishment of temporary shelters should avoid the concave banks of ditches, small flat convex banks and steep slopes, and should be placed on low gentle slopes or high terraces near villages.
2, don't run upstream or downstream along the debris flow ditch, should run to the hillside on both sides of the ditch bank, don't stay in the concave slope.
3. How to rescue the injured in the mudslide? The harm of debris flow to people is mainly that mud makes people suffocate. Therefore, after the wounded buried in mud or collapsed buildings are rescued, the mud, sputum and blood in the mouth, nose and throat should be removed immediately to eliminate the sewage in the body. For comatose wounded, lie flat, lean back, pull out your tongue, and try to keep the respiratory tract unblocked. If there is trauma, stop bleeding, bandage and fix it, and then transport it to the first aid station.
(3) What should I do if I encounter a landslide?
When you are on the landslide, first of all, keep calm and don't panic. Panic is not only a waste of time, but also a possibility of making a wrong decision. Look around quickly and evacuate to a safer place. Generally, except for high-speed landslides, as long as you move quickly, you may escape from the dangerous area. When running away, the best direction is to run in both directions. It is dangerous to go up and down the hill when going downhill. Don't panic when you encounter an unavoidable high-speed landslide. Under certain conditions, such as landslide sliding as a whole, it is an effective self-help measure to keep still or hold on to trees.
Third, lightning protection safety knowledge
1, don't hide under towering objects such as trees, flagpoles, chimneys and telephone poles when it thunders and rains. Try to hide in the building, close the doors and windows and don't use the faucet.
2. Do not touch the antenna, metal doors and windows, external walls of buildings, and stay away from live equipment.
3. Unplug all the appliances in the house, and don't use the telephone and mobile phone.
4. Don't swim or engage in other water sports or activities, and don't stay in swimming pools, lakes, beaches, rice fields and boats. Stay away from open areas such as water, and don't stand near hilltops, roofs or other highly conductive objects.
5. Don't play outdoor ball games, don't open an umbrella in an open field, don't ride a bike, and don't carry hoes, shovels, badminton rackets, fishing rods, golf clubs, etc. Don't run away with a conductive object on your shoulder, just throw it away.
6. If there is nowhere to hide in the open field, you should try to find a concave ground (such as a pit) to hide, or squat down immediately, put your feet together, report your knees with your arms, and lower your head as much as possible.
Fourth, swimming safety knowledge
In order to ensure the safety of swimming and prevent drowning accidents, the following must be done:
1, don't go swimming alone, let alone in places where you don't know the bottom and water conditions, or dangerous places where drowning casualties are likely to occur. Choose a good swimming place and have a clear understanding of the environment of the place, such as whether the reservoir and bathing place are sanitary, whether the water surface is flat, whether there are reefs, undercurrents, weeds and the depth of water.
You must be organized and swim under the guidance of a teacher or someone familiar with water. Take care of each other. If a collective organization goes swimming, it is necessary to count the number of people before and after launching and designate lifeguards for safety protection.
Pay attention to your health. People who are prone to cramps in limbs should not take part in swimming or swim in deep water. Get ready before you go into the water and exercise first. If the water temperature is too low, wash your body with shallow water first, and then swim in the water after getting used to the water temperature.
4. Be self-aware of your own water quality, don't be brave after entering the water, don't dive and snorkel rashly, and don't fight with each other to avoid drowning. Don't swim in rapids and eddies.
5. If you suddenly feel unwell during swimming, such as dizziness, nausea, palpitation, shortness of breath and so on. , should immediately go ashore to rest or call for help.
6, in swimming, if the calf or leg cramps, don't panic, you can kick or jump hard, or massage hard, strain the cramp, and call for help to your partner.
7. When a drowning accident occurs in swimming, the first aid on the spot is urgent, and cardiopulmonary resuscitation is the most important. After the drowning person is rescued ashore, he should immediately remove the impurities in the oral cavity and nasopharyngeal cavity to keep breathing unobstructed; The tongue should be pulled out to avoid backward turning and blocking the respiratory tract; Raise the belly of the drowning person, make his chest and head droop, or hold his legs, put his belly on the rescuer's shoulder, and do the action of walking or jumping to "pour water". Restoring the drowning person's breathing is the key to the success of first aid. Artificial respiration should be carried out immediately, and mouth-to-mouth or mouth-to-mouth artificial respiration can be used. At the same time of first aid, you should be sent to the hospital for treatment quickly.