Basic procedure of brainstorming method
Brainstorming attempts to ensure the effectiveness of creative discussion through certain discussion procedures and rules. Therefore, discussion procedure is the key factor for the effective implementation of brainstorming method. From a procedural point of view, the key to organizational brainstorming lies in the following links:
1, determine the topic
A good brainstorming method starts with an accurate explanation of the problem. Therefore, we must set a goal before the meeting, so that the participants can clearly know what problems need to be solved through this meeting, and at the same time, we should not limit the scope of possible solutions. Generally speaking, more specific topics can make participants put forward ideas quickly, and the host can easily grasp them. More abstract and macroscopic problems lead to long thinking, but the thinking may also be more creative.
2. Preparation before the meeting
In order to make the brainstorming meeting more efficient and effective, we can do some preparatory work before the meeting, such as collecting some materials for your reference in advance, so that participants can understand the background materials and external trends related to the topic. As far as the participants are concerned, they must know something about the problems to be solved before the meeting. The venue can be properly arranged, and the environment where seats are arranged in a circle is often more favorable than the classroom environment. In addition, they can be creative before the brainstorming meeting officially begins.
3. Identify candidates
Generally, the number of participants is 8 ~ 12, but it can be slightly increased or decreased (5 ~ 15). Too few participants are not conducive to exchanging information and stimulating thinking; However, if the number of people is too large, it will be difficult to master, and the opportunity for everyone to speak will be relatively reduced, which will also affect the atmosphere of the venue. Only under special circumstances can the number of participants be exempted from the above restrictions.
4, a clear division of labor
You need to assume a moderator, 1 ~ 2 recorders (secretaries). The role of the moderator is to reiterate the topics and disciplines discussed at the beginning of the brainstorming meeting, enlighten and guide during the meeting, and master the process. For example, report the progress of the meeting, summarize the core contents of some speeches, put forward your own ideas, and enliven the atmosphere of the meeting. Or let everyone calm down and think carefully for a moment before organizing the next speech climax, and so on. The recorder should number all the participants' thoughts in time and briefly record them, preferably on the blackboard and other eye-catching places, so that the participants can see them clearly. Recorders should also put forward their own ideas at any time to avoid staying out of it.
5, the provisions of discipline
According to the principle of brainstorming, several disciplines can be stipulated and required to be observed by participants. If you want to concentrate and actively participate, don't watch passively; Don't talk in private, so as not to affect others' thinking; Speak according to the goal, cut to the chase, without being polite or explaining too much; Participants should respect each other and treat each other as equals, and should not praise or criticize each other.
6, grasp the time
The meeting time is controlled by the host and should not be decided before the meeting. Generally speaking, tens of minutes is appropriate. Too short a time makes it difficult for participants to speak freely, and too long a time will easily lead to fatigue and affect the meeting effect. Experience shows that creative ideas generally come into being 65,438+00 minutes to 65,438+05 minutes after the meeting starts. Panes, an American creative scientist, pointed out that it is best to arrange the meeting time at 30 ~.
Key points of success of brainstorming method
Besides procedural requirements, the key to the success of brainstorming is to explore ways and change mentality. In short, it is full, non-evaluative and unbiased communication. Specifically, it can be summarized as follows:
1, speak freely
Participants should not be bound by any rules and regulations, relax their mentality and let them run freely. They should boldly expand their imagination from different angles, different levels and different directions, try to be novel and different, and put forward original opinions.
2. Delay judgment
Brainstorming, we must adhere to the principle of not evaluating any ideas on the spot. We can neither affirm an idea, deny it, nor criticize it critically. All evaluations and judgments should be postponed after the meeting. On the one hand, this is to prevent evaluation from binding the participants' positive thinking and destroying the good atmosphere of free conversation. On the other hand, it is necessary to concentrate on developing ideas first, so as to avoid putting forward the work that should be done in the later period and affecting the generation of a large number of ideas.
3. Do not criticize
Absolute prohibition of criticism is an important principle that brainstorming method should follow. Everyone attending the brainstorming meeting is not allowed to criticize other people's ideas, because criticism will undoubtedly inhibit creative thinking. At the same time, the speaker's self-criticism is also prohibited. Some people are used to using some self-deprecating words, which will also destroy the atmosphere of the meeting and affect free thinking.
4, the pursuit of quantity
The goal of brainstorming meeting is to get as many ideas as possible, and the pursuit of quantity is its primary task. Everyone attending the meeting should take the time to think more and put forward more ideas. As for the quality of ideas, it can be left to the idea processing stage after the meeting. In a sense, the quality and quantity of ideas are closely related. The more ideas are generated, the more creativity there may be.
What to do after the meeting?
By organizing brainstorming meetings, you can often get many ideas related to the theme. So far, the task is only half finished. More importantly, it is necessary to sort out and analyze the ideas obtained in order to choose valuable ideas for development and implementation. This work is called idea processing.
The idea processing of brainstorming method is usually arranged on the second day after the brainstorming meeting. Before this, the host or recorder (secretary) should try to collect the new ideas generated by the participants after the meeting so as to evaluate and deal with them together.
There are two ways to deal with this idea. One is expert review, in which relevant experts and talk show participants can be hired to undertake the work on behalf of several people (about 5 people are appropriate). The other is the review of the second meeting, where people who participated in the brainstorming talk show held a second meeting together to collectively evaluate and deal with the idea.
avert a misconception
Brainstorming is a skill, an art, and the skills of brainstorming need to be constantly improved. If you want to maintain the high performance of brainstorming, you must brainstorm more than once a month.
Dynamic brainstorming meetings tend to follow a series of steep "smart" curves, which start with slow momentum accumulation, then very fast, and then begin to enter a stationary period. Brainstorming hosts should know how to freely form ideas in the steep "smart" curve stage by carefully mentioning and cultivating a new topic.
Brainstorming provides an effective way to concentrate and creatively exchange ideas on a specific topic, which can be used as a reference for discussing academic topics or solving daily affairs. However, it should be remembered that users must not stick to a specific form, because brainstorming is a vivid and flexible technology. When using this technique, we can and should make changes and innovations according to the situation of participants and the changes of time, place, conditions and theme.
Having said that, as far as I know, brainstorming in pedagogy is to let students speak freely, expand their thinking and explore a different spark of thought on a topic.