Recently, the Ministry of Education issued the "Evaluation Guide for Kindergarten Conservation Education Quality" (hereinafter referred to as the "Evaluation Guide"), aiming at promoting children's physical and mental health development, focusing on the quality of kindergarten conservation education process, and putting forward 15 key indicators and 48 assessment points around five aspects, such as the direction of running a kindergarten, conservation safety, education process, environmental construction and teachers.
Once the "Evaluation Guide" was released, it caused a heated discussion in the whole network. This is an important measure to implement the spirit of the national education conference, accelerate the establishment and improvement of the education evaluation system, and promote the high-quality development of preschool education. It is of great significance to find out the focus of the development and promotion of preschool education in the new period and better meet the people's growing demand for quality education.
Under the background of Evaluation Guide, how can kindergartens adhere to the principle of children-oriented and improve the quality of nursing education as a whole? What issues should we pay attention to when implementing the evaluation guide? With these questions, let's pay attention to this issue together!
Including party building work, moral education and scientific ideas, aims to promote kindergartens to fully implement the party's educational policy, implement the fundamental task of educating people with moral education, strengthen the role of party organizations as a fighting fortress, establish a scientific concept of conservation education, and ensure the correct direction of running kindergartens.
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Adhere to the correct direction of running the park and establish a scientific concept of protecting education
(@ Hou Limin, Chairman of China Preschool Education Research Association)
The reform of educational evaluation in the new era must take moral education as the main line, emphasizing that what kind of evaluation baton there is, what kind of school-running orientation there is. The Assessment Guide further strengthens the fundamental task of implementing Lide Shu Ren, and implements the scientific quality concept of who to train, how to train and for whom. It is clear that we should "adhere to the socialist direction of running schools, practice the mission of moral education, establish a scientific evaluation orientation, promote the construction of scientific education security system, and improve the overall level of running kindergartens and the quality of education security." This requirement shows that the evaluation guide has improved the implementation mechanism of Lide Shu Ren in the development of kindergarten education quality, effectively promoted kindergartens to fully implement the Party's education policy, strengthened the role of the Party organization as a fighting fortress, and ensured the correct direction of preschool education.
Attach importance to the direction of running the park and implement the education policy
(@ 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中)
The document regards "adhering to the correct direction" as the first basic principle, and requires the comprehensive implementation of the party's educational policy and the fundamental task of educating people. Adhere to the socialist direction of running schools and practice the mission of educating people for the party and the country. In terms of evaluation content, "the direction of running the park" is the first of five important contents, and three key indicators and seven evaluation points are determined from the aspects of party building, moral education and scientific concept, which puts forward specific requirements for kindergartens to implement party organization construction, system construction and working mechanism; This paper puts forward the basic direction of implementing five education and five love education in kindergartens to cultivate children's national identity and socialist core values. It puts forward clear requirements for kindergartens to follow the scientific laws of children's physical and mental development and preschool education, and takes these requirements as the main points of evaluation and assessment; Reiterated the important thought of respecting children's individual differences, insisting on playing games as the basic activity, and cherishing children's lives and the unique value of games. The evaluation guide has obvious directional and guiding characteristics, which provides standards and directions for improving the quality of kindergarten education. The implementation of "Evaluation Guide" is to better implement the "Outline" and "Learning Guide" and better promote the quality of kindergarten education.
Adhere to the road of running parks in Socialism with Chinese characteristics.
(@ 中中中中中中中中中中)
"For whom to train people" and "for whom to train people" are the first problems that need to be clarified in the reform and development of preschool education. The Evaluation Guide takes "the direction of running a school" as the primary evaluation content, guides kindergartens to resolutely take the right direction, practices the mission of educating the party and the country, and lays the foundation for cultivating socialist builders and successors with all-round development in morality, intelligence, physique, beauty and labor.
Education-oriented, moral education first, "Evaluation Guide" gives directional guidance on how to "cultivate people by virtue", and puts forward that "attention should be paid to the cultivation of children's good moral character and behavior habits, which should be imperceptibly permeated in daily life and activities", guiding kindergartens to infiltrate moral enlightenment education into all fields and links of teaching activities, paying attention to the cultivation of children's good moral behavior habits in life and games, and setting an example by example and teaching by example.
Including health care, life care, safety protection and other three key indicators, aimed at promoting kindergartens to strengthen diet and nutrition, disease prevention, health examination and other work, establish a reasonable life schedule, strengthen medical and health care personnel, safety and system implementation, and ensure the safety of children's lives and physical and mental health.
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The essence of conservation is to establish various relationships.
(Founder of @ 京京京京京京京, publisher of Saito parenting course)
What is the most fundamental of conservation? It's a relationship, a relationship between people and space, between people and things, and between people. In kindergarten, two or three children get together and do their own things, showing the truest side. This kind of learning from each other, promoting each other and giving each other new opportunities is everywhere and particularly important. What role does the nursing teacher play in this process? It is to connect, create some links, connect different relationships, and let different children start to have relationships. The ultimate goal of education must be the development of children. When we input various conservation activities through courses, teachers, environment and related interactions, the final output is the early development of children, including brain, nerves, senses, movements, language and so on. Children's development has its own laws. The value of adult caring activities lies in enriching guidance, then providing scaffolding and being a high-quality non-contact companion.
Kindergarten safety management should pay attention to the needs of each child.
(@ Tian Min, Vice President of Shenzhen Preschool Education Association and Director of Professional Committee)
The core goal of safety management is to eliminate potential safety hazards and avoid safety accidents; The goal of kindergarten safety management should be to pay attention to both children's physical safety and their psychological safety. Safety management needs to have very specific and operable implementation specifications, so as to eliminate hidden dangers. The management of children's safety should not only be based on children's basic development and individual differences, but also take into account the needs of special children. Have you ever observed how children around the age of one climb down the stairs? He will walk backwards, put his feet on the bottom, and then climb backwards. This is the instinct of children in safety. Therefore, in kindergartens, we should neither over-restrain children's behavior because of fear of safety, nor over-relax our vigilance, but strengthen education and make corresponding protection at the same time. Let children understand the significance and importance of safety in real environment and activities.
It includes three key indicators: activity organization, interaction between teachers and children, and home-based co-education. It aims to promote kindergartens to adhere to games as their basic activities, understand and respect children and support them to learn meaningfully, strengthen home-based collaborative education, and continuously improve the quality of conservation education.
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Stand firm for children and establish a scientific concept of protection education.
(@ 中中中中中中中中中中)
The evaluation guide requires: "follow the laws of children's physical and mental development and preschool education" and "believe that every child is a proactive and capable learner", and guide kindergartens to fully respect the laws of children's physical and mental development, respect individual differences, and firmly remember the development characteristics and needs of children. At present, some kindergartens can't really start from the standpoint of children, such as ignoring the specific development needs of children, building unrealistic characteristic courses, and excessively pursuing the setting of functional rooms. The evaluation guide also puts forward clear requirements, reminding us to shift our attention to the essence of education and the process of educating people, and take the road of improving children's quality in a down-to-earth manner.
Reverse the evaluation tendency of "emphasizing hardware but neglecting connotation"
(@ Hou Limin, Chairman of China Preschool Education Research Association)
For a long time, we have paid more attention to the guarantee of structural quality (such as class size, landscape architecture and other elements), while ignoring the dynamic development of process quality (such as teacher-child interaction, peer interaction, curriculum implementation, parent participation and other elements). This is because in the early stage of the large-scale development of preschool education, it is necessary to continuously improve the popularization level of preschool education by strengthening structural quality construction. However, when the resources are built to a certain extent, it is necessary to pay attention to the construction of process quality to promote the high-quality development of preschool education. The Evaluation Guide insists on promoting children's physical and mental health development, focusing on the core elements of kindergarten's connotation development, paying attention to the quality of teaching process and the integrity and continuity of children's development, and emphasizing the effective implementation of five important process contents: the direction of running a kindergarten, conservation and safety, educational process, environmental creation and teachers, which are the key quality elements that affect or even restrict the connotation development of kindergarten education practice in China. In particular, the Evaluation Guide regards the quality of teacher-child interaction as a key indicator of children's early learning and development, which shows that the Evaluation Guide has grasped the core lifeline of the high-quality development of preschool education.
Pay attention to process quality,
Improving the quality of teacher-child interaction must be placed at the core.
(@ 个个个个个个个个个个个) Director of Preschool Education Department of Tianjin Normal University)
It is found that the most decisive factor for children to learn effectively and maximize their potential is the interaction between teachers and children. International kindergarten education quality evaluation standards generally regard it as the core content of quality evaluation. The Evaluation Guide emphasizes the quality of interaction between teachers and children, which first embodies the implementation of children-oriented concepts and principles, and pays attention to guiding teachers to establish a scientific concept of teaching security at the conceptual level: from paying attention to their own "teaching" to paying attention to children's "learning"; Establish a correct view of children, that is, "believe that every child is a proactive and capable learner"; Establish a correct view of education, that is, "follow the laws of children's physical and mental development and preschool education, respect individual differences, adhere to games as the basic activities, and cherish the unique value of life and games", "fully respect and protect children's curiosity and interest in inquiry, … support and meet children's needs for gaining experience through direct perception, practical operation and personal experience to the maximum extent".
Highlight key points and systematically evaluate the quality of teaching process.
(@ Yang Zhenfeng, Deputy Director of Shanghai Municipal Education Commission)
The Evaluation Guide puts forward all-round direction guidance and specific action requirements in five aspects, such as the direction of running the park, conservation safety, education process, environment creation and teachers' team, and highlights the key factors affecting the quality of conservation education process, such as teacher-child interaction and activity organization. It has strong operability and provides clear guidance and targeted guidance for all localities to formulate and improve specific evaluation standards. The "Evaluation Guide" focuses on the efforts to improve the quality of kindergartens and the improvement process, requiring teachers to promote the development of young children at the original level. It is strictly forbidden to "score" or "label" children's ability development level directly. Emphasizing "soft" factors such as activity organization and staffing, rather than pursuing "high-equipped" space facilities and toy materials, especially reducing the use of electronic equipment, fully embodies the "children-oriented" scientific quality concept, guides kindergartens to follow the scientific quality evaluation path of conservation education, and realizes the healthy growth of children and the professional development of teachers.
Including space facilities, toy materials and other two key indicators, aimed at promoting kindergartens to actively create a rich, suitable and childlike educational environment that is conducive to supporting children's learning and exploration, equipped with sufficient number and types of game teaching AIDS and picture books, and effectively supporting the scientific implementation of conservation education.
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Based on the resources of this park and this area
(@ 中中中中中中中中中中)
The evaluation guide focuses on "creating a game environment for children according to local conditions, providing rich and suitable game materials" and "making full use of natural, social and cultural resources", guiding kindergartens to take the development of children and kindergartens as the fundamental starting point of education reform, based on the park and local resources, respecting the interests and development needs of children in the park, and exploring appropriate education methods. This is of guiding significance to further correct the problem that some kindergartens blindly copy various theme courses from foreign countries or other kindergartens without making choices or thinking, and take the road of preschool education development that China needs.
Pay attention to protecting the quality of education process.
(@ Cheng, all of them, all of them, all of them, all of them, 20)
When considering process indicators, we need to get rid of a unique way of thinking. Taking the environment as an example, the relevant indicators of "material environment" can generally be regarded as structural quality factors, and it is not clear whether it is clear, but the relevant indicators of "learning environment" are about how to make good use of the material environment. At this time, the boundary between good and bad is not clear at once, and we need to clarify our understanding through observation. In order to extract the indicators reflecting the process quality, we need to know more about the laws of children's learning and development, participate more in the related research of teacher-child interaction, and understand the current situation of teacher-child interaction in practice.
Including four key indicators, such as teachers' morality and style, staffing, professional development and incentive mechanism, aiming at promoting kindergartens to strengthen the construction of teachers' morality, attach importance to the construction of teachers' professional ability, improve the professional leadership of principals, and take effective measures to encourage teachers to love their jobs and devote themselves to educating people.
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An atmosphere of equality, respect and support,
It is the vitality of the continuous development of kindergartens.
(@ 么么么么么么么么么么么么么么) Associate Professor, Department of Education, Tianjin Normal University)
What are the core factors that affect the quality of kindergarten teaching process in team building under the premise that the director and teachers are in place and meet the relevant qualifications? Undoubtedly, it is the professional ability of the director and the teacher. This is an important condition to ensure the quality of teaching process, which fundamentally determines the level of running a kindergarten and the quality of children's learning and development. The Evaluation Guide makes it clear that the key professional abilities to improve the quality of kindergarten teaching process are teachers' teaching practice ability and kindergarten directors' professional leadership. However, different from professional concepts and professional knowledge, the improvement of teaching practice ability and professional leadership as a professional ability can only be achieved through continuous reflection and improvement in teaching practice.
It should not be ignored that the improvement of teachers' teaching practice ability needs not only technical support, but also emotional encouragement. How the director treats the teacher, the teacher treats the children. Therefore, to enhance the professional leadership of kindergarten principals, we should also pay attention to strengthening the organizational atmosphere construction and emotional management of kindergartens. The evaluation guide points out that the principal's morality should permeate the daily life with the teaching staff, pay attention to creating a warm and supportive humanistic atmosphere in the kindergarten, be good at listening to and understanding the thoughts and actions of the teaching staff, and often go deep into the class to understand the activities of the day and the interaction process between teachers and children ... In short, establishing and constantly promoting the interpersonal relationship of equality, respect and support is an inexhaustible source of vitality for the management and development of people-oriented kindergartens.
Pay attention to human development and embody humanistic care.
(@ 中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中中)
The fundamental purpose of education is to promote human development, and the key to determine the quality of kindergarten education is people, that is, educators and educational objects. The evaluation guide emphasizes "persisting in promoting children's physical and mental health development" and "persisting in children-oriented" as the basic principle. Reiterate the basic concepts and educational principles such as "respecting children's age characteristics and growth laws, paying attention to the integrity and continuity of children's development, insisting on the combination of protection and education, and taking games as the basic activity"; Take medical care, life care, safety protection and other important aspects as the assessment points; It also pays special attention to children's individual development and meets the individual needs of special children. The document also regards the construction of teachers as one of the five important evaluation contents, which not only puts forward specific requirements for the construction of teachers' morality and style and staffing, but also puts forward that we should care about the ideological situation of teachers, strengthen humanistic care, promote teachers' physical and mental health, continuously improve teachers' professional ability, and take effective measures to encourage teachers to love their jobs and devote themselves to educating people.
With the comprehensive launch of the "14th Five-Year Plan", China's preschool education has entered a new stage of development, and the focus of development has gradually shifted from resource supply to connotation upgrading.
Adhering to moral education and children-oriented shows that the starting point and destination of evaluation guidelines are children's development-realistic, comprehensive and coordinated development and future, sustainable and lifelong development. It is of great significance to clarify this value orientation again for further promoting the establishment of the scientific concept of protection education and truly realizing preschool education to lay the foundation for children's lifelong development.
The release of the Evaluation Guide coincides with the right time, further clarifying the scientific orientation, which will surely lead China's preschool education into a new stage of rapid quality improvement and push the quality of kindergarten education to a new journey.
Disclaimer: This article is reproduced from the official account of WeChat Humanities Kindergarten.