(1) Background: After the Westernization Movement, especially the Reform Movement, new ideas and technologies influenced the education in China. The reformists, represented by Kang Youwei and Liang Qichao, put forward suggestions for reforming the education system. 1902, the Qing government promulgated the Constitution of imperial academy, which was drafted by Zhang Baixi, the minister of management. Because that year was the year of "Renyin", it was also called "Renyin academic system", which was the first academic system officially promulgated but not implemented in the history of education in China. Imperial academy's articles of association are divided into imperial academy's articles of association, entrance examination articles of association, university articles of association, middle school articles of association, primary school articles of association and Mengyangtang articles of association, which is the beginning of modern education system in China.
(2) Content: Renyin's academic system is divided into three sections and seven grades: primary education (4 years of elementary school, 3 years of ordinary primary school, 3 years of higher primary school), secondary education (4 years of middle school) and higher education (3 years of college or university preparatory course, 3 years of university hall, and uncertain years of university), with a academic system of 20 years.
2. Guimao academic system
(1) background: 1903, Cecilia Cheung, Zhang Zhidong and Rong Qing redrafted a "Playing School Charter", also known as "Guimao Academic System". The school play charter has made specific provisions on the school system, curriculum and school management. The Guimao Academic System was promulgated and implemented on June 1904+ 10/3. The educational system takes "middle school as the body and western learning as the application" as the guiding ideology, and takes respecting Confucius and reading classics as the purpose. The content is more detailed than Renyin Academic System. The academic system of Guimao was published in 1903, and it remained in use until the demise of191/kloc-0 in the Qing Dynasty, which had a great impact on the school education system in old China. In fact, the later academic system was established on the basis of Guimao academic system. Guimao school system is the first complete, systematic and put into practice in the modern educational history of China.
(2) Content: Guimao's academic system is divided into three sections and seven grades: primary education (4 years in nursery school, 5 years in primary school and 4 years in higher primary school), secondary education (5 years in middle school) and higher education (3 years in college or university preparatory course, 3-4 years in university school and 5 years in Confucian school), with a total length of 20-265438+.
3. The academic system of Renzi Guichou
(1) Background: The educational system of Renzi Guichou is the reform of the educational system of bourgeois revolutionary Democrats after the Revolution of 1911. The new academic system was announced in September 19 12, that is, the academic system of Renzi was changed and supplemented one after another, and it was basically completed in the following year, which was called "the academic system of Renzi Guichou" in history.
(2) Content: The educational system of Renzi Guichou is divided into three sections and four levels: primary education (4 years in primary school, 3 years in colleges and universities), secondary education (4 years in middle school) and higher education (3-4 years in undergraduate course), with a total length of 17- 18 years.
4. Ren Xu academic system
(1) Background: This is a reform plan based on the American academic system proposed by the American Education Federation, which is hosted by American schools. 1922 In September, the Ministry of Education of the Kuomintang government held a meeting on the academic system in Jinan, and revised the draft academic system adopted by the National Education Federation. In June of the same year, it was officially announced 1 1. This is the "Ren Xu school system", also known as the "633" system.
(2) Content: Ren Xu's academic system adopts the American-style six-three-three-step method, that is, six years in primary school (four years in junior high school and two years in senior high school), six years in middle school (three years in junior high school and three years in senior high school) and four to six years in university. There is a big college above the university, so it is also called "633 academic system".