Answer: 27. (1) The basic connotation of the principle of enlightenment education is: in teaching, we should fully mobilize students' conscious enthusiasm for learning and let them learn actively, so as to understand and master what they have learned.

(2) The basic requirements for implementing the heuristic teaching principle mainly include:

① Stimulate students' positive thinking. Enlighten to choose those problems that are difficult and require students to carry out complicated thinking activities, but through C, positive thinking can get basically correct results.

② Establish students' dominant position. Teachers' inspiration can only be targeted and effective if they really study and understand students' learning needs.

③ Establish a democratic and equal relationship between teachers and students. In the authoritative teacher-student relationship, it is difficult for students to really ask questions and think freely and fully. Only by making students truly feel that teachers regard themselves as completely equal in personality can they really mobilize their learning consciousness.