1895, he went to western Europe to meet some exiled Marxists, especially the most cherished thinker plekhanov. In the same year, he returned to China, became a Marxist group in Petersburg, and founded the "Working Class Liberation Struggle Association" to spread Marxist theory to workers. Arrested and imprisoned in the same year 12. 1897 was exiled to eastern Siberia, where he married Krupskaya and continued to engage in revolutionary activities and writing. Exile expires at the beginning of 1900. 1900 In July, he went to Munich, Germany. /kloc-in February of 0/9, together with plekhanov and martov, the first all-Russian political newspaper Mars was founded and the first issue was published. 1903, the second congress of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party was held in London to discuss party member conditions and party discipline. What should I do in his book? "The Party is the vanguard of the proletariat". At the second congress, Lenin insisted on establishing a "new party" under the guidance of "democratic centralism", with iron discipline and strict organization; Plekhanov, martov and Trotsky criticized Lenin for undermining inner-party freedom and eventually implementing one-man dictatorship. Leninists were in the majority in the meeting and were called Bolsheviks, while people headed by martov were in the minority and were called Mensheviks. On the issue of revolutionary leadership, Lenin believed that it must be led by the proletariat, and after the victory of the revolution, a "revolutionary democratic dictatorship of workers and peasants" should be established.
1905 After the first bourgeois-democratic revolution broke out in Russia, Lenin returned to Petersburg from abroad in 165438+ 10. 1905165438+10 to1906 August directly led the revolutionary struggle. 190765438+went abroad again in February according to the party's resolution. 19 12 1 led the sixth representative meeting of the Russian Social Democratic Labor Party held separately in Prague, purged Menshevik from the Party, and made the Bolshevik Party officially become an independent political party. Since then, the two factions have parted ways. 19 14 When World War I broke out, Lenin declared the Second International dead and called for "turning the imperialist war into a civil war". In September of the same year, he went to Switzerland to organize two anti-war congresses of anti-war socialists in various countries. 19 17 published "Imperialism is the Last Stage of Capitalism", and analyzed the real cause of the war. 1917 in February, after the Russian bourgeoisie overthrew the czar's government through the democratic revolution, an interim government composed of the bourgeois liberal party headed by kerensky appeared, which continued the world war and was unable to stop the economic collapse. In April of the same year, Lenin returned to Petrograd from Switzerland and put forward the policy of distributing land to farmers and controlling private industry and commerce by the government, which enabled the Bolsheviks to gain the support of Soviets all over the country. Put forward the battle slogan of "all political power belongs to the Soviet Union". On the issue of political power, he proposed in "State and Revolution" that the proletariat must smash the existing state machine and practice proletarian dictatorship. 10 year1around October 20th, Lenin returned to Petrograd to hold a meeting of the Central Committee and adopted a resolution to seize power by armed force. Lenin personally led the armed uprising, and the October socialist revolution won on19171.7. 165438+1October 8, at the second Soviet congress, the peace bill and the land law were announced and he was elected as the chairman of the first Soviet government. After the birth of the Soviet regime, Lenin and Germany signed the Brest Peace Treaty, which was very unfavorable to Russia. 19 18 Lenin was assassinated and injured, and soon recovered. 1965438+In March 2009, he presided over the inaugural meeting of the Comintern (Third International) and advocated national self-determination. During the civil war from 19 18 to 1920, Lenin painstakingly organized the Red Army of Workers and Peasants, mobilized manpower, excavated resources, and supported military operations, and finally eliminated the White Army supported by the Allied Forces. The new economic policy was published in 192 1. In the last two years of Lenin, chauvinism spread, especially after Stalin became the general secretary of the party in 1922, his power became increasingly concentrated. Lenin tried his best to change this trend, but unfortunately he became seriously ill in the spring of 1922. In April of the same year, the doctor took out one of the two bullets from his neck, but a month later, he became partially paralyzed and could not speak. From March 1923 10, he completely stopped his political activities. 1924 65438+1October 2 1 died in Gohlke village near Moscow at 6: 30 (Moscow time) the following year.
Lenin is the successor of Marx and Engels' career and theory, and his works are published in the Complete Works of Lenin.
According to the resolution of the Second National Congress of the Soviet Union, Lenin's mausoleum was built in front of the center of the Kremlin wall in Moscow's Red Square. Initially, a simple Lenin mausoleum was built in three days according to the design of designer Yashushev. Subsequently, the second Lenin Mausoleum was built and opened for visit on August 1, 1924. It is also made of wood, but on a larger scale. An observation deck was also built on the mausoleum for Soviet countries to use when attending festivals in Red Square. 1930 10 According to Shushev's design scheme, Lenin's mausoleum with masonry structure was built again on Red Square. It retains the basic structure of the original building, but it is more magnificent, covering an area of more than three times that of the past and 3 meters higher than that of the past. Crimson garnet and black marble make it more solemn. There is a crystal coffin containing Lenin's body in the tomb. 193 1 year, an observation deck with a capacity of 10000 people was built on both sides of Lenin's mausoleum. In order to keep Lenin's remains in a proper state, experts used specially prepared aerosol solution to moisten the skin of the remains and took some other necessary protective measures. The tissues and cells of Lenin's body are well preserved, and the appearance has hardly changed. From 1924 to 65438+127 October, after Lenin's body was placed in the mausoleum, many domestic and foreign tourists came to see Lenin's body every year.