Outline of geography review in the second volume of the eighth grade 1. Nine commodity grain bases of agriculture in China. Sanjiang Plain in the north and Songnen Plain (Heilongjiang) in the south: Dongting Lake Plain, Poyang Lake Plain (Jiangxi), Taihu Lake Plain (Jiangsu), Chengdu Plain, Jianghan Plain (Hubei), Jianghuai Region and Pearl River Delta. 2. Distribution of main cash crops: ① Cotton: middle and lower reaches of Yellow River and Yangtze River. (2) Oil crops: northern peanuts (North China Plain); South rape (middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River plain) ③ Sugar crops: North beet (northeast plain); Southern Sugarcane (Guangdong and Guangxi) ④ beverage crops: Tea (Southern Hilly and Mountainous Areas) 3. Four Pastoral Areas ① Xinjiang Pastoral Area-Xinjiang Fine Wool Sheep; ② Pastoral areas in Inner Mongolia-Sanhe Niu and Sanhe Ma; ③ Qinghai pastoral area-yak; ④ Tibetan pastoral area-yak; (⑤ Ningxia Pastoral Area-Ningxia Tan Sheep) 2. China industry 1. Types of industrial layout: ① resource type; ② Market type; ③ Coastal type. 2. Coal is the biggest energy source in China; Shanxi Province is rich in coal resources, and the northern region is the largest energy base in China at present. 3. Four industrial bases ① Shanghai-Nanjing-Hangzhou area: the largest comprehensive industrial base in China. ② South-central Liaoning: the largest heavy industry base in China. ③ Beijing-Tianjin-Tangshan area: the largest comprehensive industrial base in the north. ④ Pearl River Delta region: a comprehensive industrial base with light industry as the mainstay. Three. Transportation industry 1. Five modes of transportation: railway, highway, aviation, water transport and pipeline. 2. Main railways (five vertical and three horizontal) A. North-South trunk line: ① Beijing-Shanghai line (Beijing-Shanghai); ② Beijing-Kowloon Line (Beijing-Kowloon); ③ Beijing-Guangzhou line and Jingha line (Guangzhou-Beijing-Harbin); ④ Liujiao Line (Jiaozuo, Henan-Liuzhou, Guangxi); ⑤ Baocheng-Chengdu-Kunming Line (Baoji, Shaanxi-Chengdu-Kunming, Sichuan) B. East-west trunk lines: ① Bao Jing-Baolan Line (Beijing-Baotou-Lanzhou) ② Longhai-Lanxin Line (Lianyungang-Lanzhou-Urumqi, Jiangsu) ③ Shanghai-Hangzhou-Zhejiang-Jiangxi-Xiang Qian-Guikun Line (Shanghai-Hangzhou-Nanchang-Zhuzhou-Guiyang-Kunming Line). Longhai-Beijing-Shanghai line; ③ Zhuzhou: Jingguang-Hunan-Guizhou-Zhejiang, Jiangxi; ④ Lanzhou: Baolan-Lan Xin-Longhai Line 4. Ocean transportation (① coastal routes; Ocean route) Coastal route: 5. Three airports: Beijing, Shanghai and Guangzhou; Note: In terms of transportation price, air transportation is the most expensive, followed by trains and cars, and water transportation is the cheapest. Fourth, tourism-"smokeless industry" 1. A major tourist attraction in China ① The Forbidden City; ② Badaling Great Wall; ③ chengde mountain resort, Hebei; (4) Terracotta Warriors and Horses in Xi Qin Mausoleum, Shaanxi; ⑤ Three Gorges of Yangtze River; ⑥ Guilin landscape (Guangxi); ⑦ Suzhou Garden (Jiangsu); ⑧ Hangzhou West Lake; Pet-name ruby Anhui Huangshan; Participate in Sun Moon Lake in Taiwan. V Beijing 1. Urban function: the national political, economic, cultural and transportation center. Economy: High-tech industry based on electronic information. Environmental problems. Taiwan Province province 1. Topographic rivers: 2/3 are mountains and 1/3 are plains; The largest plain-Tainan Plain; The longest river-turbid water stream 2. Composition: Taiwan Province Island, Diaoyu Island and Penghu Islands; 3. Resources: "Forest Treasure House", "Oriental Sweet Island" and "Southeast Salt Warehouse of the Motherland" 4. Economy: "import-processing-export" economy. Major cities: ① Taipei-the largest city; ② Kaohsiung-the largest seaport and the second largest city; (3) Tainan, the earliest rising city, has the historic site "Chikan Tower" 7. Hong kong and Macao 1. Location 2. Hong Kong consists of Hong Kong Island, Kowloon and the New Territories. 3. Hong Kong's leading industry-foreign trade: Macao: gambling and tourism are developed; 4. Hong Kong-"Shopping Paradise" and "Oriental Pearl"; Macau-"Sea Garden". Exercise: 1 Lines connecting the following tourist attractions, provinces and autonomous regions, and the main railway lines. A. Tianchi Lake in Baixingshan, Jilin A. Shaanxi ① Jingha Line B. Qinling Terracotta Warriors B. Jilin ② Longhai Line C. Suzhou Garden C. Zhejiang ③ Shanghai-Hangzhou Line D. Hangzhou West Lake C. Jiangsu ④ Beijing-Shanghai Line 2. Look at the picture on the left and answer the question: (1) Write down the industrial base represented by the letters in the picture: A B C D (2)B Industrial base is rich in resources, such as (3) The main industrial cities in Industrial Base C are:,, and the largest industrial city in China. (4) The four industrial bases all have common conditions for industrial development. 3. Read the picture on the right and fill in the blanks. (1) Write the name of the railway line represented by the number in the figure. 1F-C2F-D3F-H4B-G5C-L:. (2) Write the name of the city. ① Port: A B C D E ② City: F G H L 4. Read the picture on the left and fill in the blanks. (1) Fill in the names of geographical things represented by numbers in the figure: ① Province; ② Strait. ③ Abroad; Four mountains. ⑤ City; Six cities. (2) The temperature zones in Taiwan Province Province are belts and belts. 5. Fill in the form. (Indicated by √ in the table) Freight category and quantity Starting point and ending point: railway, highway, river transport, sea transport, air transport, two boxes of first-aid medicine Shanghai-Kunming 10 tons of fresh vegetables Changsha suburb-urban area 10000 tons of sea salt Tianjin-Shanghai 10000 tons of rice Yueyang-Shanghai/KLOC-0.