Educational equity refers to the reasonable norms or principles for the state to allocate educational resources. "Reasonable" here refers to the unified allocation of educational resources from the dialectical relationship between the overall development and stability of society and the individual development needs of social members.
The concept of educational equity has a long history, and the pursuit of educational equity is an ancient concept in human society. Historically, Plato, a great thinker in ancient Greece, first put forward the idea of educational equity, and Aristotle first put forward the idea of protecting the educational rights of free citizens through law. Two thousand years ago, Confucius, a great educator in ancient China, also put forward the simple educational democratic thought of "teaching without discrimination".
From the subject of educational practice, educational equity can be divided into student equity and teacher equity. Student fairness refers to the problem of treating and evaluating student fairness; Teacher fairness refers to the problem of treating and evaluating teacher fairness.
From the perspective of the process of educational activities, it can be divided into education starting point fairness, process fairness and result fairness. Fairness at the starting point means that everyone has the opportunity to start their own study career regardless of gender, race, origin, economic status, living environment and other conditions. Process fairness means that education treats everyone on the basis of equality in both subjective and objective aspects. The fairness of results means the equality of education quality.
From the point of view that the result of educational fairness is produced by operating according to certain fairness principles, educational fairness can be divided into principle fairness, operation fairness and result fairness. The principle of educational equity is the premise of fair educational results. The fairness of operation needs to rationalize and fix the steps of operation to form a fair procedure, and it also needs various forms of supervision mechanisms, supervision institutions and supporting technical means to ensure the fairness of the results.