The CPC Central Committee and the State Council clearly put forward and began to implement it? Rejuvenate the country through science and education? Strategy; The rapid development of science and technology and the progress of economy and society put forward great demand for education. It must be acknowledged that traditional education in China has made great contributions to the development of national economy, society and culture. However, only by daring to face problems can we make progress and keep up with the development of the times. Entering the 2 1 century, China will embark on the journey of basically realizing modernization in the whole country in the new 50 years, and the most important preparation is the preparation of talents. The importance of the problem makes us have to examine our views on education and talents. At present, quality education is imperative, which has become the consensus of basic education. The main channel of implementing quality education is classroom teaching, and students' main role must be brought into play. However, there are a lot of formalism and superficial articles in the concrete implementation process. I think the implementation of quality education should not only respect the educational reality, but also pay attention to the educational development strategy.
First, there are essential differences between traditional education and quality education, which requires a careful study of China's traditional education theory and an understanding of its limitations:
First, only face a few students who have prospects for further study, so that most people can become? Losers? , to? Losers? Mentality is integrated into society.
Second, most of the traditional education in our country pays attention to imparting and inculcating knowledge, but not enough attention to the methods of acquiring knowledge.
Third, traditional education in China does not pay enough attention to how to cultivate people's all-round quality and practical ability. High scores and low energy? 、? Value knowledge over energy? .
Fourthly, the traditional education in our country is devoted to instilling knowledge into students, with little emphasis on making students create new things and not consciously paying attention to cultivating students' innovative ability.
Fifth, students study mostly to cope with exams and further studies, and pay insufficient attention to the practical application and reflection of what they have learned.
Sixth, take measures that violate the laws of education in learning, consolidating and improving knowledge? Overtime, overtime, stress? The way you treat students destroys them.
From the above analysis, we can clearly tell us that traditional education cannot fully meet the needs of China's socialist market economy and modernization.
1999 sponsored by East China Normal University at the beginning? Quality education seminar? In fact, scholars and experts in different countries have different views on how to define and understand quality education, but they all agree that the modern education view and talent view have shifted from emphasizing knowledge to emphasizing ability and quality, linking the improvement of knowledge with the development of ability and quality, transforming knowledge into ability and quality, and attaching importance to the cultivation of innovative ability. This is the fundamental difference between the old and new education views and talent views. What is the essence of traditional education? The purpose of exam-oriented education is to cope with the exam and get good grades, and to achieve this goal, various educational and teaching activities are carried out. The educational purpose of quality education is to make education face all students and improve the comprehensive quality of each student. The fundamental difference of educational purpose is the essential difference between traditional education and quality education. But it is more important to fully understand traditional education. The harmfulness of exam-oriented education, enhance the consciousness of implementing quality education.
Second, in the process of implementing quality education, we should respect the reality of education. Quality education is a higher-level and higher-quality education that conforms to the law of education and the law of students' physical and mental development. Implementing quality education is a systematic project involving the whole system and a major reform, which is by no means what some people think.
It's just a matter of primary and secondary schools, or a matter of making students have fun. This is a major reform in the country's major historical period. In order to cultivate people with a new concept of education and talent, the people of the whole country must change their concepts. However, there are still many intertwined problems to be solved and improved in the implementation.
First, the content and difficulty of primary and secondary school textbooks. The six-day work system has been changed to the fifth day, but the curriculum has not changed. On the contrary, subject textbooks are more difficult, wider in scope, heavier in weight and more in content. More than 30 class hours a week are full, and there are no self-study classes in senior grades. Although the Ministry of Education decided to appropriately cut down the teaching content, appropriately reduce the level of teaching requirements, change some teaching content into elective content, and appropriately narrow the scope of examination content, the results were not great.
Second, the curriculum of primary and secondary schools. In addition to the previous curriculum plan has not been greatly revised, health education, computer education, labor education, three prevention education, population education, environmental education, popular science education, etc., among which the first three or four items have been required to be included in the formal curriculum and discharged into the formal curriculum. The total number of courses has exceeded the total class hours per week. On the one hand, there is a complete course? It is one of the important indicators for the education administrative department to inspect and supervise the school work; On the other hand, open? Elective courses Activity class? The number and quality of the second classroom activities is one of the important contents of the superior's evaluation of the school work. Do not pay attention to students' personality education, and do not pay attention to the independent characteristics of the school. There is no room for schools and students to move freely, so we have to work overtime. This is the result of the contradiction between policies and requirements.
Third, the pressure of entering a higher school. On the one hand, the enrollment rate of senior high school entrance examination is the most important criterion for students, parents and society to evaluate schools and teachers, and it is the real lifeline of schools. On the other hand, it is the phenomenon that schools reduce their burdens and parents increase their burdens.
Fourthly, some teachers' own scientific and cultural quality and teaching level can't meet the requirements, and how to evaluate teachers' teaching achievements in time. In some rural middle schools, even substitute teachers and private teachers account for a large proportion, but the knowledge level of teachers is not up to the standard and the teaching level is not guaranteed. No matter from the continuing education of teachers or the selection of teachers, this problem can't be solved for a while, because continuing education faces full-time teachers in service and has very limited effect on improving the actual teaching ability; The selection of teachers also has the problems of surplus in large and medium-sized cities and extreme shortage in remote areas. On the other hand, the evaluation of teachers' teaching achievements lags behind. The final evaluation of all students' all-round development can only be fully reflected after they enter the society. However, the evaluation of teachers' teaching achievements should be timely and effective in order to fully mobilize their enthusiasm for work. Starting from the educational goal, the evaluation of teachers' teaching achievements should be the result of a comprehensive investigation of the educational objects, which requires organizing experts to formulate guiding opinions for reference as soon as possible for schools to refer to and implement.
Fifth, the formalistic content of teachers' continuing education is outdated, the methods are rigid, and the learning counterpart is poor, which has little effect on improving the teaching level and mostly focuses on completing tasks. The training content of teachers' continuing education should be closely related to the reality of primary and secondary school courses, teaching materials, teaching methods, teaching research and scientific research, with strict requirements, strict management and strict assessment. Teachers should also realize the far-reaching significance of continuing education, consciously participate in it, combine their own education and teaching practice, and improve their education and teaching level and teaching and scientific research ability through training, so that continuing education can really play its educational role.
Sixth, the funds for primary and secondary education are seriously insufficient. Although teachers' salaries are basically guaranteed, due to the serious shortage of public funds in some primary and secondary schools in cities and towns and most schools in rural areas (especially in poverty-stricken areas), most experimental disciplines cannot be fully offered and cultural and sports activities are lacking. When developing countries run large-scale education, they should increase government investment and establish a mechanism to ensure the steady growth of education funds. It is also necessary to establish and improve the sharing mechanism of education funds and the mechanism of raising education funds through multiple channels to realize the diversification of education investment. Only on the basis of acknowledging the above problems and difficulties, the implementation of quality education should be carried out on the main channels of teaching methods and classroom teaching. More importantly, the change of teachers' educational concept should truly recognize the individual differences of students, and the key to the embodiment of students' innovative consciousness and the cultivation of their ability lies in teachers. I believe that with the gradual solution and improvement of the above problems, our educational prospects will be bright, and the pace of implementing quality education in schools will be greater and deeper, especially education has been regarded as a new economic growth point. Songbang? It provides unprecedented advantages for the development of education towards industrialization, and it can be said that it has injected a shot in the arm for the implementation of quality education.
Third, the educational development strategy is the fundamental guarantee for the implementation of quality education. Under the guidance of Socialism with Chinese characteristics theory, the 14th National Congress of China clearly put forward? We must put education in the strategic position of development and strive to improve the ideological and moral, scientific and cultural level of the whole nation, which is the fundamental plan to realize China's modernization? . In order to realize the strategic tasks set by the 14th National Congress of the Communist Party of China, guide the education reform and development, and make education better serve the socialist modernization, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China and the State Council formulated the Outline of Education Reform and Development in China, which specified the specific requirements for education reform and development.
It is clearly stated in the six guiding outlines of the Outline of Education Reform and Development in China? What should primary and secondary schools do? Examination-oriented education has turned to the track of comprehensively improving the national quality, facing all students, comprehensively improving students' ideological and moral, cultural and scientific, labor skills and physical and mental quality, promoting students' lively development and running their own characteristics. ? We must take the road of building a team of teachers with strong talents, excellent quality and high pay. ? And then what? Gradually increase the proportion of national financial education expenditure in the gross national product, reaching 4% by the end of this century? And other regulations, for the implementation of quality education provides a guarantee of personnel, funds and policies.
Subsequently, on the basis of formulating and promulgating the Law on the Protection of Minors and the Law on Compulsory Education, the National People's Congress passed and promulgated the Law on Education and the Law on Teachers, which provided a fundamental guarantee for further developing education, running schools according to law and teaching according to law.
Fourth, go all out to run the school well? Hardware? And then what? Software? Construction, to lay a solid foundation for the implementation of quality education. What are you talking about here? Hardware? It is not only the various teaching facilities, equipment and all supporting facilities of the school, but also the beautification, greening, boxed and hardening of the campus. School? Hardware? Construction is the breakthrough of implementing quality education, especially the modernization of teaching methods, which can improve classroom teaching efficiency, stimulate students' curiosity, induce students' innovative spirit and cultivate students' innovative ability. The greening, beautification, compartmentalization and hardening of the school campus provide a beautiful environment for students' study and life, which can cultivate their sentiments, cultivate their feelings of loving life, nature and country, promote their physical and mental health, consciously regulate their behavior and give play to the role of environmental education.
? Software? Teachers, teaching system and teaching management of the school. Among them, the teaching staff is the sum of teachers' teaching ability, teaching level and professional accomplishment. The cultivation of teachers' quality and the renewal of ideas are the key points of implementing quality education. Teachers are a kind of compound talents with extensive knowledge, understanding education and being good at educating people. They have higher requirements and need to love their students and be teachers. Teachers' work is comprehensive and practical. The renewal and transformation of teachers' education view and talent view is very important, and it is also the fundamental place to implement quality education. In today's era when students' self-awareness is getting stronger and stronger, a teacher should inspire students with noble professional ethics, guide students with superb teaching skills, educate students with rigorous behavior, and attract students with extensive knowledge and brand-new knowledge structure. Teachers should stand at the forefront of the spirit of the times, act as the backbone of students and sort out a clear value category system for students.
Classroom teaching is the main position of school education and the main channel to implement quality education. Classroom teaching should take innovative education as the soul and student development as its own responsibility. Help students firmly grasp knowledge and basic skills, improve their learning ability, and cultivate innovative consciousness, innovative thinking and innovative ability. At present, many advanced teaching methods and models, such as subject education, success education, happiness education and creative education, are widely explored in primary and secondary schools. At the same time, classified guidance and hierarchical teaching have made all students achieve something, which has been deeply rooted in teachers' hearts.
In a word, the transformation from traditional education to quality education is imperative, which is a systematic project and a comprehensive project related to the whole society. Therefore, we must coordinate many factors that affect the development of quality education, intensify the reform and adjustment, reduce the unfavorable conditions brought by lagging factors, make the cause of quality education flourish, and realize the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China's strategic conception of China's education reform and development as soon as possible.