The schools of critical pedagogy can be divided into the Anglo-American school with innovative style and the German school with conservative style. It came into being in 1970s and is considered as the most dynamic competitor in the field of education. The schools of critical pedagogy are complex. Based on different ideological foundations and social backgrounds, different schools have different characteristics. However, different schools pursue criticism and "liberation" of traditional education, emphasizing the use of critical theory and conducting educational research and analysis through critical research methods, which is the common feature of all schools of critical pedagogy. In a sense, the criticism of critical pedagogy is a position, an attitude, a rational pursuit and a methodology.

Representative figures: Bowles, Quintis, april, Jim of the United States, BouAudoul of France, freire of Brazil.

Basic point of view:

① Contemporary capitalist school education is not a powerful means to promote and realize social justice, but the root of social differences, discrimination and opposition;

The reason for this is that education and society are antagonistic, and what kind of society will have what kind of education, and it is difficult for the children of the lower ruling class to succeed in such an education system;

People have become accustomed to such inequality and unfairness;

The purpose of critical pedagogy is to "enlighten" them in order to achieve the liberation of consciousness;

⑤ The educational phenomenon is not neutral and objective, but full of interest disputes. We should adopt the attitude and method of practical criticism to reveal the interest relationship in specific educational life and make them move from unconsciousness to consciousness.