2 English Reference Myopia [Xiangya Medical Dictionary]
3 The objective summary cannot be regarded as the disease name [1]. Pathogen and Stage Theory Volume 28. That is myopia [1][2].
Myopia [3] is the name of the disease [4][5]. See the letter examining Yao. Also known as "being able to be near but afraid of being far away" (see Kao Yaoxin), "being able to be nearsighted but not farsighted" (see Ming Niweide's Original Machine Reveals Micro), "being able to be nearsighted but not farsighted" (published in Etiology, Volume 28) and "being near but afraid of being far away" [2], Huang Tingjing's Near and Far was originally called "Qing Dynasty". It refers to eye diseases characterized by clear near objects and blurred far objects [2][3]. Among them, congenital high myopia is also called myopia, commonly known as Qu Yan [6]. Myopia may be caused by congenital inheritance, or by careless eye hygiene [5]. Mostly in adolescence.
Not farsightedness is equivalent to myopia in western medicine [6]. It belongs to ametropic eye disease, accompanied by hyperopia and astigmatism [7].
Western medicine treats myopia.
4 Causes and pathogenesis of hyperopia. Failure to see hyperopia is often caused by poor eyesight use, bad habits, vision failure or insufficient endowment of teenagers at work [2][6].
The pathogenesis of hyperopia is mostly heart-yang deficiency and weakness, and the divine light cannot be emitted in the distance; Or deficiency of liver and kidney, deficiency of essence and blood, leading to decline of divine light and failure of Guanghua [6]. "Jing Yue Quan Shu" Volume 27: "Those who can't be farsighted have insufficient yang." Yang deficiency leads to yin excess, so it can be restrained and close to the eye [2]. Yang invades Yin, and Guanghua cannot go further and further, so myopia is clear and hyperopia is blurred [2]. More importantly, it can often be complicated with several serious intraocular diseases and lead to blindness [2].
The reason why the eyes can't see far is congenital deficiency, acquired dysplasia, heart-yang failure, heart and liver deficiency and abnormal eyeball shape. Or because of reading too close at night, improper writing posture and insufficient light, the eyes are blocked and blind.
Deficiency of heart yang: the heart governs the blood vessels, containing fire, the heart is weak in yang deficiency, the eyes and orifices lose temperature, and the divine light cannot spread far [7].
Spleen deficiency and weak qi: spleen governs transport and blood circulation, and is the source of qi and blood biochemistry. The spleen loses its healthy movement and the source of metaplasia is insufficient, which affects the ascending and clearing points. [7]
Deficiency of liver and kidney: the liver stores blood, enlightens the eyes and can see blood; Kidney stores essence, and essence produces marrow. Long-term vision injury or overwork injury to the kidney, empty medullary sea, loss of vision. [7]
When the patient's eyes are in a state of adjustment and rest, the focus of parallel light is in front of the retina after refraction, and when it is far away, the light forms a diffusion ring on the retina, so the vision is blurred.
5 Hyperopia symptoms Hyperopia patients generally have normal eyes, clear near objects and blurred far objects [2]. People with high myopia have prominent eyes and significantly reduced far vision. In order to see things clearly, they have to get close to the target they see. They often squint at things. It is easy to be complicated with clouds moving eyes, and even cause visual clothing to fall off, which seriously damages vision [6].
6 Diagnostic points ① Distant vision decreased, pinhole vision increased, near vision was normal, and near point distance was near [5].
② Vision fatigue is found in people with high myopia [5].
③ Trying on concave spherical lens can improve vision [5].
④ The diagnosis can be made by optometry after mydriasis [5]. Fundus examination is helpful for diagnosis [5].
⑤ Eliminate pseudomyopia [5].
7. The purpose of the treatment that the eyes can't see far is to be able to see, and the essence of the five internal organs is concentrated on the eyes. Yin deficiency of liver and kidney leads to blurred vision, fear of distant eyes, insomnia, forgetfulness, backache, dry eyes, red tongue and thready pulse.
Check, all diopters less than 3.0D are low myopia; Moderate myopia is below 6.0D; People over 6.0D days are highly myopic. Pathological myopia (it is difficult to get close to normal with lens correction) is accompanied by floaters, night blindness and arcuate blind spots in addition to high myopia. If combined with high astigmatism, binocular hyperopia or monocular diplopia may occur. Appearance manifestations include pseudoexophthalmos, corneal pigmentation and oscillatory nystagmus.
Treatment of myopia should nourish liver and kidney, benefit qi and improve eyesight. Zhi Ding Pill or Zhu Jing Pill can be added or subtracted, acupuncture can be used for treatment, and glasses can also be used for correction [2].
7. 1 Syndrome Differentiation and Treatment 7. 1. 1 Myopia with heart-yang deficiency refers to myopia with heart-yang deficiency, clear myopia, blurred hyperopia, no obvious discomfort in the whole body, or pale face, palpitation and weakness of tongue and pulse [8].
7. 1. 1. 1 Symptoms include clear near vision, blurred far vision and decreased vision. No obvious discomfort in the whole body, or accompanied by upset, insomnia, forgetfulness and complexion? White, palpitation, fatigue, chills, cold limbs, pale tongue, thin coating and weak pulse [6][7][8].
7. 1. 1.2 Syndrome analysis: the fire in the eye is divine light, the heart yang is insufficient, the eye is warm and the divine light cannot spread far, so it is blurred near the bright and far. The heart governs the gods, and the gods are insufficient, so there are insomnia, forgetfulness and upset [7]. Face? White, palpitation, fatigue, pale tongue, weak pulse, etc. They are all manifestations of deficiency of heart-yang and deficiency of qi and blood [6].
7. 1. 1.3 Prescription treatment 7. 1. 1.3. 1 therapeutic methods for nourishing the heart and benefiting qi, calming the heart and calming the nerves [6].
7. 1. 1.3.2 The prescription can be Zhi Ding Pill [Remarks] Zhi Ding Pill (Yaohan): Polygalae, Acorus calamus, Codonopsis pilosula and Poria. Treatment of addition and subtraction: Polygalae and Acorus gramineus are warm, calming the heart and calming the nerves, which are the main drugs; Ginseng, poria cocos, benefiting qi, calming the heart and calming the nerves; Cinnabar is at ease. The formulas of all kinds of drugs have the functions of tonifying the heart, benefiting qi and calming the nerves. ? Yang deficiency, Radix Astragali, Radix Glycyrrhizae Preparata, Cortex Cinnamomi, and Radix Angelicae Sinensis. Can be added as appropriate, benefiting qi and nourishing blood, warming yang. [6]
7. 1. 1.4 Acupuncture treatment: warming yang and strengthening heart, calming nerves and improving eyesight [7].
Acupoint selection: acupoints are mainly selected on the heart meridian of hand shaoyin and around eyes. Framing Ming, Fengchi, Xinshu, Shu Ge, Neiguan and Shenmen. [7]
Acupoint selection based on syndrome: for those with palpitation, Que and Lamen are added. For those with headaches, add bamboo and stars. [7]
Acupuncture: the method of acupuncture supplement. Acupuncture at Xin Shu and Shu Ge is followed by moxibustion. [7]
Fang Yi: Clearing the eyes is a common point for treating eye diseases. Wind pool is the intersection of foot shaoyang and yang Wei, supplemented by warming meridians, nourishing blood and improving eyesight. Comfort strengthened his efforts. Shu Ge is the intersection of blood, dredging meridians and promoting blood circulation. Neiguan is the hand Jueyin meridian, Shenmen is the original point of the hand Shaoyin meridian, and the two points soothe the nerves and replenish the heart. [7]
7. 1.2 Myopia due to deficiency of liver and kidney refers to myopia due to deficiency of liver and kidney, with black flowers growing in front of eyes, dizziness and tinnitus, sleepless nights and dreamy dreams, weak waist and knees, pale tongue and thready pulse [8].
7. 1.2. 1 Symptoms include myopia, blurred vision and black flowers in front of eyes. General dizziness and tinnitus, dreaminess at night, soreness of waist and knees, red tongue with little fur, and thready pulse [6][7][8].
7. 1.2.2 The purpose of syndrome analysis is to understand vision, and the essence of the internal organs is concentrated on the eyes, which can be seen. Deficiency of liver and kidney, deficiency of essence and blood, and decline of divine light make Guanghua unable to go far, and the eyesight is dim, so it cannot go far. If you lose your sight, black flowers will grow gradually. The general symptoms are dizziness, tinnitus, dreaminess at night, soreness of waist and knees, scanty fur and thready pulse, all of which are caused by deficiency of liver and kidney essence and blood. [6][7]
7. 1.2.3 Prescription treatment: nourishing liver and kidney, benefiting essence and nourishing blood [6].
Prescription: Qijudihuang Pill [Remarks] Qijudihuang Pill (medical grade): Liuweidihuang Pill with Lycium barbarum and Chrysanthemum. Or add or subtract Zhujing Pill [Remarks] Add or subtract Zhujing Pill (Jingxi, Hai Yin): Semen Plantaginis, Radix Angelicae Sinensis (tail removed), Radix Rehmanniae Preparata (washed), Fructus Schisandrae Chinensis, Fructus Lycii, Fructus Broussonetiae (unused), Fructus Zanthoxyli, and Semen Cuscutae (baked with wine) are all fine powders, which are decocted with honey and made into paste pills, such as lad. Treatment of addition and subtraction: for those with yin deficiency of liver and kidney, Qiju Dihuang Pill should be used to nourish liver and kidney and benefit eyesight. If it is a syndrome of deficiency of essence and blood, Zhu Jing Pill should be used to replenish liver and kidney, essence and blood. Codonopsis pilosula can be added for patients with qi deficiency. If the spleen is not healthy, add malt and dried tangerine peel. [6]
7. 1.2.4 Acupuncture treatment 7. 1.2.4. 1 Prescription and one treatment: nourishing liver and kidney, tonifying deficiency and improving eyesight [7].
Acupoint selection: focus on the kidney meridian of foot shaoyin, back Shu point and eye area. Find the points of Mingming, Zhuzhu, Ganshu, Shenshu, Taixi and Guangming. [7]
Matching points with syndromes: for those with vertigo, Fengchi point is added. People with tinnitus and deafness listen to the palace. [7]
Acupuncture and moxibustion: acupuncture tonic. In addition to improving eyesight and accumulating bamboo, acupuncture is used at other acupoints. [7]
Prescription 1: improve eyesight, save bamboo and regulate local menstruation. Ganshu and Shenshu regulate liver and kidney meridian qi. Taixi point is the original point of foot shaoyin meridian, which nourishes kidney essence. Just for the point of foot shaoyang gallbladder meridian can tonify the liver and gallbladder and improve eyesight. [7]
7. 1.2.4.2 Prescriptions and drugs treat both: nourishing liver and kidney, benefiting qi and improving eyesight [9].
Acupoints: Jingming, Du Fu, Chengqi, Guangming, Fengchi, Ganshu and Shenshu [9].
Matching points and syndromes: spleen and stomach weakness with Sibai, Zusanli and Sanyinjiao [9].
Prescription 1: Jingming, Zhushu and Chengqi are commonly used acupuncture points for treating eye diseases, which have the functions of clearing liver and improving eyesight; Wind pool is the intersection of shaoyang and impotence veins in hands and feet, which has the functions of dredging meridians, nourishing liver and improving eyesight. The combination of Ganshu and Shenshu with light can tonify liver and kidney, benefit qi and improve eyesight [9].
Acupuncture method: filiform needle acupuncture can tonify and stop diarrhea, and can tonify Ganshu, Shenshu, Zusanli and Sanyinjiao, 1 time a day, and keep the needle for 30min minutes each time,1time is a course of treatment [9].
7. 1.3 Myopia with spleen deficiency and qi deficiency refers to myopia syndrome with spleen deficiency and weak qi, with clear myopia, blurred hyperopia, fatigue, anorexia, weakness of limbs, red tongue, thin white fur and weak pulse as common symptoms [8].
7. 1.3. 1 Symptoms include clear myopia, blurred hyperopia, asthenopia, drooping eyes, or limb weakness after illness, red tongue, thin and white fur and weak pulse [7][8].
7. 1.3.2 Syndrome analysis: the spleen is out of health, the source of metaplasia is insufficient, the yang is unclear, and it is awesome from afar, showing various symptoms [7].
7. 1.3.3 Acupuncture treatment: reinforcing middle energizer, strengthening spleen and improving eyesight [7].
Acupoint selection: Stomach Meridian of Foot Yangming and Spleen Meridian of Foot Taiyin are the main points. Take points Chengqi, Sibai, Pishu, Shu Wei, Zusanli and Sanyinjiao. [7]
Acupoint selection according to syndrome: for patients with forehead pain, scalp dimension and Shenting are added. [7]
Acupuncture: the method of acupuncture supplement. Acupuncture Pishu, Shu Wei, Zusanli and Sanyinjiao. [7]
Fang Yi: Chengqi and Sibai belong to the acupoints of Foot Yangming Meridian, which are effective acupoints for treating eye diseases. Pishu, Shu Wei, Zusanli and Sanyinjiao regulate the spleen and stomach, and help transport and transform. [7]
7.2 Acupuncture is effective in treating myopia, especially pseudomyopia. If it is due to congenital abnormality, it is not the indication of acupuncture.
7.2. 1 body acupuncture 7.2. 1. 1 prescription 1 commonly used the following four groups of acupoints: Chengqi and Mingming; Four whites, shoulders in the middle; Head dimension, behind the ball; Eyes bright and bright. Acupuncture for one group every day, changing points in turn, 10 times as a course of treatment. [6]
7.2. 1.2 The second formula is mainly Jingming and Fengchi; Use bamboo and four whites [5]. Use No.30 needle to touch Jingming (1.0 ~ 1.5 inch), and stop as soon as it gets angry; Other acupoints have moderate intensity * * *, and the needle is left for 20 ~ 30 minutes after getting angry [5].
7.2.2 Plum blossom needle ① Knock the back neck and eye area (around the orbit) with plum blossom needle, knock three rows on both sides of the cervical vertebra, knock three to four times on the upper and lower edges of the orbit, and knock several times at the points of Jingming, Zhuan, Fishbone, Sibai, Taiyang and Fengchi. You can also pat the Shu point on your back. [6]
② Main points: Zheng Guang point (the midpoint of the connecting line between Zhu Zhu point and Yuyao point, below the superior orbital margin). Matching points: Fengchi, Dazhui and Neiguan. Pat it 20 ~ 50 times in the diameter range of 0.8 ~ 1.2 cm. Generally, only the main points are used, and if the effect is not good, add points as appropriate. Once every other day, 15 times is a course of treatment, and appropriate amount of * * * is appropriate. [6]
7.2.3 Ear acupuncture 7.2.3. 1 Fang Yi Ear acupuncture has a good effect on this disease. Acupoints such as eye, eye 1, eye 2, liver and kidney. When selected, sow seeds with cowseed, and fix acupoints with adhesive tape, and press them 2-3 times a day, and press each acupoint about 1 minute twice.
7.2.3.2's second prescription selected points: eyes, liver, spleen, kidney and heart.
Acupuncture method: filiform needle, 2 ~ 3 points each time, 30 ~ 60 min each time, intermittent needle transport; Or bury or press the seeds with a needle, change 1 time every 3 ~ 5 days, and alternate ears, requiring patients to press several times a day. After 5 times of treatment, the visual acuity chart was 1 time, and the degree of vision improvement was observed.
7.2.4 Skin needle selection: from both sides of the cervical vertebra to the big vertebra and around the eyes.
Acupuncture and Moxibustion: Knock 5 ~ 10 times from both sides of the cervical vertebra and tap 3 ~ 5 times from inside to outside around the eyes, once a day, 1 0 times as a course of treatment.
7.3 glasses to correct myopia Although there are the above treatments, the effect is not ideal. Therefore, in the treatment of acquired myopia, we should also pay attention to eliminating the factors that cause myopia and correcting bad eye habits. As for congenital myopia, it is particularly difficult to cure. [6]
8 to prevent hyperopia and myopia to be teenagers [6]:
1. The lighting in the study and work environment should be moderate and the light should not be too dim [6].
2. Keep the correct posture when reading and writing, and keep the distance between eyes and books about 30 cm. Never read when you are lying in bed, walking or taking a bus.
3. Strengthen physical exercise and insist on doing eye exercises [6].
4. Check the eyesight of teenagers regularly [6].
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