1. Cultivate filial piety through "courage" education;

Mencius believes that cultivating filial piety is the primary task of education. He put forward the concept of "Xun", that is, respecting elder brothers and elders and showing filial piety to his family. Mencius believes that filial piety is the starting point of virtue and the foundation of social harmony. He emphasized that family education should take filial piety as an important content, and cultivate children's filial piety and respect through parents' words and deeds, so that they can respect their elders and care for their families, thus building a harmonious social relationship.

2. Cultivate friendship and kindness through "friendship" education;

Mencius put forward the concept of "friend" and emphasized the importance of friendship and kindness. He believes that friendship and kindness in interpersonal relationships are important ways to cultivate virtue. By getting along with friends, children can learn to respect and care for each other and cultivate friendly and caring qualities. Mencius advocated that education should focus on cultivating interpersonal relationships and social skills, so that students can establish positive and healthy friendships, and at the same time care about others and form a caring heart.

3. Cultivate people's manners through the education of "words";

Mencius believes that speech and etiquette are important components of civilized society and the key to cultivating virtue. He advocated the education of writing, that is, the standardization of writing and etiquette, in order to cultivate personal accomplishment and morality. Mencius advocated that education should pay attention to the standardization and cultivation of words, so that students can express themselves in civilized language, respect others and not hurt words. At the same time, he also emphasized the importance of etiquette, which can standardize people's behavior and make society more orderly and harmonious.

4. Cultivate the morality of cautious independence through "cautious independence" education;

Mencius' fourth educational method is "cautious independence", that is, to cultivate the moral character of cautious independence. He believes that prudence is a prudent attitude, which can help people avoid mistakes and immoral behaviors. Mencius advocated that education should guide students to think twice before acting, distinguish right from wrong and not act rashly. He believes that prudent people will be more likely to adhere to moral standards and not do things against their conscience, thus cultivating noble character.

To sum up, the four educational methods proposed by Mencius, namely, filial piety, friendship, kindness, understanding, prudence and morality, emphasize the cultivation of important qualities. These methods are not only suitable for ancient times, but also have profound enlightenment for today's education. Educators can learn from these methods to cultivate students' all-round development in morality, intelligence, physique, beauty and labor, so that they can become moral and socially responsible citizens.