2 1 century is the century of knowledge economy, information and learning. Then, what should people learn in the 2 1 century and how to learn it? UNESCO has received a report from the International Education Commission on 2 1 century learning. According to the report, lifelong learning is the passport of people in the 2 1 century, which is realized through "four learning societies", namely, learning knowledge, learning to do things, learning to communicate and learning to be a person. This is the four pillars of 2 1 century education, and it is also the knowledge pillar of everyone's life. In recent years, the educational development of hundreds of countries is drawing lessons from this modern educational thought.

1. Learning to seek knowledge is learning to learn, that is, mastering the tools of cognition, mastering the tools of lifelong continuous learning, and learning to master management knowledge and the ability to process information. At the same time, we should love learning, be brave in exploration and practice, and be critical and innovative. For example, the former governor studied Bin Liu, went to bright primary school for a fourth-grade Chinese class and listened to the lesson Little Sparrow. The main idea of the text is: a small sparrow accidentally fell to the ground and a dog rushed over and ate it. At this time, an old sparrow rushed down and gave a piercing cry, which frightened the dog. At the end of the article, what spirit did the old sparrow show? The standard answer is: it shows a great maternal spirit. However, a boy stood up and said, "I don't agree with this answer." There is no proof that the old sparrow is female or male. "The young female teacher praised the boy with joy and said that his analysis was unique. It can be said that this is modern teaching, and it does not stick to standard answers. In places where exam-oriented education is rampant, everything is often the standard answer, and collective aphasia is serious. The standard answer made by computer software is even more absurd. A: "The little white rabbit likes to eat green vegetables and carrots" is right, but if A: "The little white rabbit likes to eat radish and vegetables" is wrong. Isn't this making "robots" or "clones"? Examination-oriented education will inevitably make students tired of learning. We made a survey on the situation of primary and middle school students in contemporary China, and found that more than half of them worked overtime and didn't get enough sleep. No more than 10% of primary and secondary school students go to school because they like reading. The child sang a song that he was tired of learning: "I am the person with the heaviest schoolbag/I am the person with the most homework/I get up the earliest every day/I sleep the latest/I am me or me." "Another song that is tired of learning is even worse:" The sun shines in the sky/the skeleton smiles at me/the bird says early/why are you carrying a dynamite bag? "/I went to bomb the school/the teacher didn't know/I played the string/I ran fast/bang/the school was bombed!" How can students who want to bomb schools never tire of learning? Therefore, UNESCO keeps calling on the whole world to fight against school failure. In fact, the most important thing in primary school is four words, interest and habit. Without strong interest, it is difficult to study for life and lose the motivation of sustainable development; Without good habits, interest is hard to last, and it is even harder to achieve great things. Natural learners have learning needs since childhood. However, after entering schools and jobs, learning needs are divided into four different needs, namely, cognitive needs, development needs, repayment needs and competitive needs. The best thing is cognitive needs, that is, learning is to seek knowledge and master the ability to solve problems, which is the most important and stable internal learning motivation of a person. The other three demands are negative, especially the competitive demand, because learners who focus on the competitive demand are prone to "achievement anxiety" and are always afraid of surpassing others and being caught up by others, so they will inevitably adopt the most conservative and laborious learning methods in fear, and their development will not be delayed. Many campus tragedies are caused by this. Wu Zhou, a special-grade teacher in Hangtianchang Primary School, found a peculiar "10 phenomenon", that is, the success rate of students with academic performance around 10 is higher than that of top students, which also explains this phenomenon from another angle.

Learning to do things, learning to do things and learning to seek knowledge are inseparable, and it is the relationship between "knowing" and "doing". It has an important concept: 2 1 century talents, from qualification concept to ability concept, from skill to ability. Qualification refers to position, professional title, length of service, age and so on, while ability is a person's comprehensive ability, especially the spirit of cooperation, innovation, risk awareness, communication skills and so on. From skill to ability, it refers to the development from narrow labor skills to personal comprehensive quality, which is also called the second wisdom, that is, creativity (the first wisdom refers to the mastery of knowledge). For example, we recognize Bill Gates as a knowledge hero and the richest man in the world, but he relies not only on knowledge or computer technology, but on the comprehensive quality of an outstanding modern man. Even the success of the ancients could not be separated from learning to do things. For example, why did Zhuge Liang defeat Cao Cao? The main reason is to unite Wu against Cao. At that time, Shu was weak, and Zhuge Liang came to Wu to seek cooperation. Wu's ministers laughed at him for beating Cao Cao and asked Wu to help him. Zhuge Liang's calm win-win strategy made it clear that division leads to defeat and unity leads to victory, which finally touched Sun Quan's heart. Wu and Shu joined forces with Battle of Red Cliffs, and Cao Cao's hundreds of thousands of soldiers and horses were in flight. This will form a pattern of tripartite confrontation among the three countries. This is a successful example of communication ability and cooperation ability. In real life, many parents and teachers ignore the cultivation of children's ability to do things, which makes children suffer both in campus and in society. A girl in Grade Three and Grade One in Beijing was confident to be admitted to the Central Academy of Fine Arts, but the bus broke down on the way and she waited until the exam began. At this time, there were taxis all over the street, and she didn't remember to take a taxi with more than 100 yuan in her pocket, because she was a good child and had never taken a taxi. This mistake will take at least one year. There are several female college students, even graduate students.

Legal basis: People's Republic of China (PRC) National Defense Education Law.

Article 4 National defense education adheres to the principles of participation by the whole people, long-term persistence and paying attention to practical results, implements the principles of combining regular education with centralized education, combining popular education with key education, and combining theoretical education with behavioral education, and determines the corresponding educational content for different objects to organize and implement.

Article 5 All citizens of People's Republic of China (PRC) have the right and obligation to receive national defense education. Popularizing and strengthening national defense education is the common responsibility of the whole society. All state organs, armed forces, political parties and social organizations, enterprises and institutions, and grass-roots mass autonomous organizations shall organize and carry out national defense education according to the actual conditions of their respective regions and units.