He said: "Anyone who is talented and virtuous is called a saint."
First, Wen Sheng Confucius.
Confucius (55 BC1~ 479 BC) was named Zhong Ni. A great thinker, educator and founder of Confucianism in the late Spring and Autumn Period. Another name/surname/rudeness in Shandong Province
China people. He was the founder of the Confucian school and put forward the idea of "benevolence". He was a famous thinker and educator in ancient China.
He is studious, knowledgeable and versatile. It is said that he initiated the atmosphere of private lectures and accepted his disciples widely, regardless of wealth.
There are 3000 disciples, 72 of whom are excellent. He became an emissary of cultural exchange. He traveled around the world and devoted his later years to antiquity.
On behalf of literature sorting and dissemination, he devoted himself to education, sorting out ancient books such as poetry and books, and deleting Chunqiu. Its learning
The students recorded their thoughts and behaviors in The Analects.
Through lifelong advocacy and the development of Confucianism in past dynasties, Confucius made China's Confucianism the mainstream of China culture and the reference of Chinese people.
Guiding thinking for more than two thousand years. The core of Confucius' ideological system is the rule of virtue, and he persistently advocates a benign society and a benign life. morality
The highest standard of civilized society is "courtesy", and the highest value of Dehua life is "benevolence". Confucius taught people to actively pursue "self-determination"
And the principles of "loyalty and forgiveness" and "don't do to others what you don't want others to do to you" in order to establish a correct outlook on life and
Correctly handle the relationship between people. Confucius advocated the teaching of "harmony between man and nature" to deal with the relationship between man and nature, and he also expounded
It also spread the truth that people should not only be kind to others, but also love things. Confucius insisted that the state should "teach the rich"
Virtue promotes social and cultural development.
Second, Shi Sheng Sima Qian? five
Sima Qian-former 145 or former 135 ~? Historians and writers of the Western Han Dynasty. Word length, Zuo Fengyi was born in xia yang (now Hancheng, Shaanxi)
South) people. Born in the fifth year of Emperor Jing of Han Dynasty (145 BC), born in the sixth year of Emperor Jian of Han Dynasty (135 BC), died in the same year.
Testing. Sima Qian 10 years old began to study ancient literature biographies. During the reign of Yuan Guang and Yuan Shuo in Han Dynasty, he studied rams from Dong Zhongshu, a modern writer.
In the Spring and Autumn Period, he also studied under the ancient prose writer Kong Anguo. Shortly after the age of 20, he became a doctor and a bodyguard of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.
I have been to Bashu with western go on road trip for many times. In the third year of Yuanfeng (before 108), Sima Tan, the stepfather of Sima Qian, became a teacher.
Order, in charge of astronomical calendar and royal atlas, so you must read books collected by historians. In the first year of Taichu (before 104), it fell with Tang Dou.
Taichu calendar compiled by Hong and others replaced Zhuan Xu Calendar inherited by Qin, which adapted to the needs of the society at that time. this
Later, Sima Qian began to write historical records. Later, he was convicted, imprisoned and rotted for defending Li Ling who surrendered to Xiongnu. On the job after release from prison
Book, continue to write books, and finally completed the writing of Historical Records. People call his book Taishi Gongshu. This is China's first film.
Biography is a general history, which has a far-reaching influence on later historiography.
Third, the wine saint Du Kang.
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Records of Baishui County in Ming and Qing Dynasties recorded that "Du Kang, whose real name was Zhongyu, was a Kangjiawei native of our county and was good at making wine". Du Kang Gou
The spring water in the pond "gushed out weakly until winter, and flowed into the Baishui River for four miles. The villagers said that the water still smells of wine. " Ming and Qing dynasties, Republic of China
During the years, there were thousands of boiled water pots and wine shops in four townships. During the Three Kingdoms period, Cao Cao chanted, "How can you relieve your worries by being generous and forgetting yourself?"
Only Du Kang "is the eternal swan song: Du Fu, a poet in the Tang Dynasty, wrote" Pengya Night Road, the bright moon shines on Baishui Mountain "and" Du Jiu's Old Frequency "
Exquisite poem "Persuasion": Pi Rixiu, a poet in the late Tang Dynasty, also wrote a beautiful sentence, "Drips are repeated, and Dukang is empty", leaving a fragrance in Dukang.
Wine shows the simplicity and enthusiasm of the Loess Plateau to the fullest.
Fourth, the poet Du Fu.
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Du Fu (7 12-770), with beautiful words, was born in Gongxian County, Henan Province (now Gongxian County, Henan Province) and was a famous poet Du Zhisun.
Son. Because he once lived in Shaoling, south of Chang 'an, he called himself Shaoling's grandfather and was called Du Shaoling. Study and travel before the age of thirty-five. Tianbaonian
When I arrived in Chang 'an, there was no way for me to join the army. After ten years of hard work, he was awarded the small position of right-back leading Cao to join the army. The Anshi Rebellion began to go into exile and was exiled by the rebels.
Captured; After escaping from danger, the official was granted a left post. In the second year of Gan Yuan (759), he abandoned his official position and went to the west. He once lived in Jiannan.
Yanwu was appointed as a foreign minister of the Ministry of Industry of the Screen School, so he was also called Du Gongbu. In his later years, his family moved eastward and lived in Kuizhou for two years.
George. Wandering in Hubei and Hunan, he died of poverty and illness. Du Fu is good at using many systems of classical poetry and creatively developing them.
Du Gongbu has been handed down from generation to generation.
Five, medical saint Zhang Zhongjing
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Zhang Zhongjing was a famous doctor in the Eastern Han Dynasty. His surname is Zhang Mingji and his first name is Zhongjing. Nie Yang, a native of Nanyang County (now Gedong Town, Deng County, Henan Province), was born around 700 AD.
150, died on 2 19. Zhang Zhongjing is clever and studious. When I was a teenager, I studied medicine in Zhangbozu, the same county, which spread widely. Zhang (surname)
Zhongjing is widely read and adopted, and has sixteen volumes of Treatise on Febrile Diseases.
Treatise on Febrile Diseases is divided into Treatise on Febrile Diseases and Synopsis of the Golden Chamber. Later doctors called Zhang Zhongjing a "medical sage".
Treat typhoid fever and synopsis of golden chamber as medical classics. Zhang Zhongjing's Treatise on Febrile Diseases is the first work in the history of human medicine.
Prescription and Medicine, he systematically and completely expounded the etiology and pathology of epidemic diseases and various medical miscellaneous diseases for the first time.
As well as the principles and methods of treatment, laid a solid theoretical foundation for the development of clinical disciplines in later generations.
6. Guan Yu Guan Yu
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Guan Yu, the word Yunchang, was a general of Shu in the late Eastern Han Dynasty. He was loyal and had high martial arts skills, and was later called "Guan Sheng" and "Guandi".
Guan Yu was officially appointed as the prefect of Xiangyang and governor of Jingzhou affairs, except that Cao Cao invited Emperor Xian of Han Dynasty to make him Hou Ting of Hanshou. Liu beifeng
General Dangkou was sealed first, and then the former general was sealed, ranking first among the "Five Tiger Generals" in Shu Han. 4 1 year after his death, it was the Three Kingdoms.
Shu lived for three years. From the Southern and Northern Dynasties to the end of Qing Dynasty, Guan Yu was influenced by feudal emperors in previous dynasties.
Worship is increasing day by day. "Hou Wang, Wang Di, Sheng Di, Sheng Tian" is full of praise and criticism. There are endless temples, and Guan Yu is famous at home and abroad.
Outside, he became one of the most worshipped sacred idols in history, so that he was as famous as Confucius and was called "the two saints of civil and military".
Seven, the book saint Wang Xizhi
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Wang Xizhi was born in Linyi (now Shandong). Jin Huaidi was born in Yongjia (AD 307) and died in Xingning, Emperor Ai of Jin.
Three years (AD 367). The officers of the right army generals will review the internal history, so later generations will call it "Wang Youjun". He was born in the Jin Dynasty.
A prominent family. When Wang Xizhi was twelve years old, he was taught the theory of brushwork by his father, and he realized that "language is based on the outline". He has been writing since then.
Ms. Wei, a famous female calligrapher, studied calligraphy. Later, he crossed the river to the north, visited famous mountains, learned from others, observed and used for reference, and prepared for it.
"One" has reached the height of "the more expensive the group products, the second in ancient and modern times".
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Wang Xizhi's regular script includes Le Yi Lun, Huang Ting Jing and Dong Fangshuo Dialect Zan.
Eight, Cao Sheng Zhang Xu.
Zhang Xu (date of birth and death unknown), a native of Suzhou, is a commandant of Changshu County. Great calligrapher of Tang Dynasty. It is famous for cursive writing. Tangchaowen
Emperor Taizong once issued a rare imperial edict to the whole country: Li Bai's poems and songs, Zhang Xu's cursive script and Fei Min's sword dance can become the world.
"Three musts".
The secret of Zhang Xu's excellent cursive writing is nothing more than the word "meaning". "From Du Shaoling's" Viewing Gong Sundaniang Disciples' Sword Dancing Instrument "
A poem.
Nine, painting Saint Wu Daozi
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Wu Daozi (about 686 ~ 760) was a painter in the Tang Dynasty. Also known as Tao Xuan, painting history is called Wu Sheng. Yang Zhai (now Yu County, Henan Province) was born.
Small lonely and poor, starting from a folk painter, he had a painting name when he was young. He used to be the county commandant of Qiu (now Ziyang, Shandong Province) in Yanzhou County, and soon resigned. After ...
Living in Luoyang, engaged in mural creation. During the Kaiyuan period, he was called as a sacrifice for his good painting. Learn calligraphy from Zhang Xu and He.
After watching Gong Sundaniang's sword dance, I learned to use a pen. He is good at Buddhism, ghosts, figures, landscapes, birds and animals, plants, pavilions and so on. , especially
He is good at Buddhism, Taoism and figures, and is good at mural creation, especially Hell in disguise.
The painting style is unique, and its landscape painting has the power of change. The pleats of figure painting float up and lift the lines, which has the effect of flying in the sky and blowing all over the wall.
Fruit, known as Uday when the wind. He also used Jiao Mo's lines as an understatement, and was called Wu Zhuang. The lines are concise and "sparse"
The name of the body. Su Shi once praised his art as "innovating in statutes and keeping good reason outside the bold".
X. Cha Sheng Lu Yu
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In the history of tea culture in China, Lu Yu created a whole set of tea science, tea art and tea ceremony thoughts, as well as his Tea Classic, which is one of them.
A landmark symbol.
Lu Yu, the word hung-chien; A disease, a word season defect. Since its name is Sang Weng, it is also called Jinglingzi. Born in the Kaiyuan period of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty, he was born in Jingling County, Fuzhou.
People (now Tianmen County, Hubei Province). Lu Yu, an outcast, was adopted by Longgai Temple and Master Jigong, a famous monk in Tang Dynasty, and taught him a lot since childhood.
Ming Buddhism. I was interested in Confucianism rather than Buddhism since I was a child, so I fled the temple at the age of eleven or twelve. After studying in the troupe.
Play. Lu Yu stutters, but her acting skills are very talented. She often plays the clown in the play, which just covers up her physical defects. Yu Can also wrote.
The script has been humorous for thousands of words.
Xi。 Sun Wu, soldier saint
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Sun Wu (about 55 1-? ), during the Spring and Autumn Period, Wu was a famous strategist and a great military theorist. His name was Changqing, and he was from Le 'an, Qi (now Shandong).
Huimin) people. His great-grandfather and grandfather were both great names of the State of Qi, who made great achievements in wars at home and abroad. The influence of family studies made Sun
Wu likes the art of war since childhood. In addition to his outstanding military exploits, Sun Wu was also honored as "the sage of military strategists", "the father of military strategists" and "the teacher of military strategists" by later generations.
In addition to his fame, more importantly, he left an immortal military masterpiece, The Art of War, 13 with more than 5,000 words, including
The profound theoretical system and rich ideological content have had a great and far-reaching impact on the development of China and military art.
Influence. Military scientists and strategists of all ages have drawn nutrition from it to guide war practice and develop military theory.
XII. Seeking Saint Sean
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Minister in the early Han Dynasty, the word ovary, spread in his father's city (now southeast of Hao County, Anhui Province), and his father and father were Xuan Huiwang and other five generations. surname
After the destruction of Korea, he attempted to recover Korea, made friends with assassins, attacked Qin Shihuang in Bolang (now southeast of Yuanyang, Henan Province), and fled to Xiapi (now).
Jiangsu), met Huang Shigong, and later conspired with Liu Bang and Lv Hou to let Prime Minister Xiao He skillfully set up an organ and personally trapped Han Xin as a close friend.
Into the Changle Palace, the Han family copied it. After living in seclusion in the deep mountains, Sean took the fairy couple as his companion, refused to eat the world's grain, and died in the fairy tale.
Isolated.
Thirteen, Mu Sheng (Ke Sheng) Zhang Heng
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During the Eastern Han Dynasty (A.D. 1 17), a large astronomical instrument driven by water was located in Kyoto.
Luoyang was built successfully. Twenty years later (A.D. 138), another instrument-"Waiting for the wind and shaking the earth" was installed in Luoyang, Kyoto.
Instrument ",accurately reported the earthquake thousands of miles away in the west. This marks the beginning of a new method of recording and studying earthquakes with instruments.
Era.
The inventors of these two famous instruments were Zhang Heng, a great scientist and writer in the Eastern Han Dynasty. Zhang Heng's views on ancient China
He has made outstanding contributions to astronomy, seismology and mechanical mechanics. It is said that he also made a south guide car and a drum car. Because.
Its mechanical manufacturing level is very high, and it is known as the "Wood Sage".
Fourteen Medical sage Sun Simiao
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Sun Simiao, a native of Jingzhao Huayuan (now Sunjiayuan, Yao County, Shaanxi Province), was born in Sui and Tang Dynasties.
Medical scientist.
Sun Shi was smart since he was a child. He liked reading, studying hard and practicing hard. At the age of 20, he was proficient in a hundred schools of thought, good at saying Laozi and Zhuangzi, good at understanding classics, and good at interacting with Yin.
Yang, tuina and medicine. He had no intention of pursuing a career and engaged in medical writings in his later years. He is an outstanding man with all-round talents in literature, history and medicine.
Things, especially medicine. Sun Simiao saves lives, is diligent in getting married, has profound knowledge and high moral character. Sun Simiao regards medicine as benevolence.
Spiritual concretization. He wrote in the book "Great Doctors Sincerity": "Any great doctor who treats diseases must be calm and have nothing to want.
Beg, be merciful first, and swear to save the suffering of the spirit. "Source network