Notice of the General Office of the State Council on Forwarding the Guiding Opinions of the Ministry of Education and Other Departments (Units) on the Reform and Development of Early Childhood Education

Guo Ban Fa [2003] 13

People's governments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government, ministries and commissions and institutions directly under the State Council:

The Guiding Opinions on the Reform and Development of Early Childhood Education issued by the Ministry of Education, the Central Organizing Committee, the State Planning Commission, the Ministry of Civil Affairs, the Ministry of Finance, the Ministry of Labor and Social Security, the Ministry of Construction, the Ministry of Health, the the State Council Working Committee on Women and Children, and the All-China Women's Federation have been approved by the State Council and are hereby transmitted to you. Please implement it carefully.

March 4(th), 2003

Guiding opinions on the reform and development of preschool education

Ministry of Education, State Planning Commission, Ministry of Civil Affairs and Ministry of Finance.

Ministry of Labor and Social Security, Ministry of Construction, Ministry of Health, the State Council Women and Children Working Committee, All-China Women's Federation

(2003 1 27th)

Early childhood education is an important part of basic education, and the development of early childhood education is of great significance for promoting children's all-round healthy physical and mental development, popularizing compulsory education, improving the overall quality of the people and realizing the goal of building a well-off society in an all-round way. Since the reform and opening up, China's preschool education has made great progress, and large and medium-sized cities have basically met the needs of school-age children. Rural and poverty-stricken areas, old and young Xian Yi, provide more and more preschool children with educational opportunities through flexible and diverse forms; The quality of preschool education has been improved. However, at present, the overall level of preschool education in China is not high, and the development between regions and between urban and rural areas is unbalanced, which is incompatible with the economic, social and educational development and the growing needs of the people. Insufficient investment in preschool education; In some places, the understanding of the importance of early childhood education is still not in place. Simply apply the practice of enterprise restructuring, push kindergartens to the market, reduce or stop investment, or even sell them; The management of preschool education in some places is weak. In order to further promote the reform and development of preschool education, according to the spirit of the Decision of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China the State Council on Deepening Education Reform and Implementing Quality Education in an All-round Way (Zhong Fa [1999] No.9) and the Decision of the State Council on Basic Education Reform and Development (Guo Fa [2001] No.2/KLOC-0), we hereby put forward the following opinions:

First, the goal of early childhood education reform and development

1. The overall goal of preschool education reform in the next five years (2003-2007) is to form a development pattern with public kindergartens as the backbone and demonstration, kindergartens set up by social forces as the main body, and public and private, formal and informal education combined. According to the different characteristics of urban and rural areas, we will gradually establish a community-based and model kindergarten-centered early childhood education service network with flexible forms. Provide early health care and education services for children and parents aged 0-6.

In the next five years, the overall goal of the development of preschool education in China is: the education rate of young children will reach 55% three years before school and 80% one year before school; Popularize three-year preschool education in large and medium-sized cities; Comprehensively improve the scientific parenting ability of parents and caregivers of children aged 0-6.

2 provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government shall, in accordance with the principles of initiative, seeking truth from facts, zoning planning and classified guidance, and in combination with local conditions, formulate plans for the reform and development of early childhood education in the next five years.

In cities and economically developed areas, the education rate of children in three years before school should reach 90%; Parents and caregivers of children aged 0-6 are generally scientific parenting guidance.

In counties (cities, districts) where nine-year compulsory education has been popularized, the education rate of children in three years before school reaches 50%, and the education rate of children in one year before school reaches 80%. 90% (0-6 years old) children's parents and caregivers receive scientific parenting guidance.

In counties (cities, districts) that have not yet achieved universal nine-year compulsory education, the education rate of children in three years before school has reached 35%, and the education rate of children in one year before school has reached 60%. Most of the parents and caregivers of children aged 0-6 have been given scientific parenting guidance.

Two, to further improve the early childhood education management system and mechanism, and earnestly fulfill the responsibility of the government.

3. Adhere to the early childhood education management system of local responsibility, hierarchical management and division of responsibilities of relevant departments. The state formulates laws, regulations, guidelines, policies and development plans related to early childhood education; The people's governments at the provincial and prefecture (city) levels are responsible for the work of early childhood education within their respective administrative areas, make overall plans for the development of early childhood education, formulate relevant policies according to local conditions and organize their implementation, and actively support the work of early childhood education in rural and poverty-stricken areas; Promote the balanced development of preschool education; The people's governments at the county level are responsible for the planning, layout adjustment, construction and management of all kinds of kindergartens within their respective administrative areas, and are responsible for the management of kindergarten directors and teachers, and guiding education and teaching; City street offices shall cooperate with relevant departments to formulate the development plan of early childhood education in their respective jurisdictions, be responsible for publicizing scientific parenting knowledge, guiding family early childhood education, providing venues and facilities for activities, raising funds, and organizing volunteers to carry out voluntary services; The township (town) people's government is responsible for the development of rural preschool education, and is responsible for organizing the township (town) central kindergarten to raise funds and improve the conditions for running the park; It is necessary to give full play to the role of villagers' autonomous organizations in the development of early childhood education and carry out various forms of early education and family early childhood education guidance. People's governments at all levels have the responsibility to maintain public order, safety and legitimate rights and interests of kindergartens, mobilize and organize parents to participate in early education activities, and guide family early childhood education.

4. The education department is the competent department of preschool education. We should conscientiously implement the principles and policies of early childhood education, formulate relevant administrative regulations and important rules and regulations, plan the development of early childhood education and organize its implementation; Undertake the business leadership of kindergartens, formulate relevant standards, implement classified management, and put forward opinions on kindergarten fees to relevant departments; Establish a supervision and evaluation system for early childhood education; Cultivate and train all kinds of kindergarten directors and teachers, and establish an assessment and qualification examination system for directors and teachers; Specific guidance and promotion of family preschool education; Cooperate with the health department to provide scientific parenting guidance to parents of children aged 0- 16.

The health department is responsible for formulating relevant laws and regulations on kindergarten health care, supervising and guiding kindergarten health care business, and providing guidance on children's health care, nutrition and growth and development to parents of children aged 0-6.

The education department of the State Council shall, jointly with the finance department and the price department, formulate measures for the management of kindergarten (class) fees in accordance with the principle of not taking profit as the risk. The education departments of all provinces, autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the Central Government put forward opinions on the highest and lowest charging standards for public kindergartens (classes) in the region according to the per capita training cost, local economic development level and residents' affordability, which were audited by the finance department at the same level and the competent price department and implemented after being reported to the provincial people's government for approval; Private kindergartens (classes) shall, in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state, reasonably determine the charging standards according to the cost of running schools, and report them to the relevant departments for the record and publicity. All regions should take practical measures to ensure that children of low-income families and floating population have the opportunity to receive early childhood education. Social welfare institutions and relief and protection institutions for street children should take care of school-age children and reduce related expenses.

The construction department shall, jointly with the education department, reasonably determine the layout and location of kindergartens in urban planning, and build kindergartens suitable for the permanent population in the process of urban transformation and urban community construction. Kindergarten construction in the new area and the transformation of the old area shall be planned by the local government as a whole and arranged by various resources. The education department should strengthen the management of supporting kindergartens in residential areas, and can hold kindergartens through public bidding for the society. No unit or individual may change its use or charge fees other than those prescribed by the state.

Civil affairs departments should take the development of early childhood education as an important part of urban community education, and jointly explore the management mechanism and related policies of relying on the community to develop early childhood education with the education departments.

When the labor and social security departments study and explore the rural endowment insurance system, they should study the rural preschool teachers' endowment insurance as a whole; Urban preschool teachers should participate in social insurance for urban workers in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state to ensure the stability and legitimate rights and interests of preschool teachers.

The establishment department shall, jointly with the education department and the financial department, formulate the establishment standards for kindergarten teachers, strengthen the establishment management of kindergarten teachers and the construction of teaching staff, ensure the basic needs of the development of early childhood education, and improve the efficiency of running schools.

Give full play to the role of working committees for women and children at all levels and women's federations. Promote the healthy development of preschool education.

5. Establish and improve the early childhood education management mechanism led by the government, with the participation of the heads of education departments and relevant departments, and the participation of all kinds of kindergartens and parents in the community. Give full play to the role of urban community neighborhood committees and rural villagers' autonomous organizations, comprehensively coordinate, mobilize and utilize various social resources, and promote the healthy development of early childhood education.

Third, strengthen management to ensure the healthy development of early childhood education.

6. Local people's governments at all levels should strengthen the construction of public kindergartens, ensure the investment in preschool education, and comprehensively improve the quality of conservation and education. It is not allowed to stop or reduce the investment in public kindergartens in the name of restructuring, and it is not allowed to sell or sell public kindergartens and township (town) central kindergartens in disguise. What has been sold should be recovered within a time limit. The transformation of public kindergartens must be approved by the provincial education department. After the layout of primary and secondary schools in urban and rural areas is adjusted, spare school buildings should be given priority for holding kindergartens.

7. Actively encourage and advocate various social forces to organize kindergartens in various forms. Kindergartens run by social forces have the same status as public kindergartens in examination and approval, classification and grading, teacher training, professional title evaluation, recognition and reward. Education departments at all levels should strengthen the guidance and supervision of kindergarten conservation education organized by social forces, standardize the behavior of running parks, and ensure the correct direction of running parks.

8. Strengthen the management of kindergartens in enterprises and institutions. After the transformation of enterprises and institutions, they can continue to hold kindergartens, or transfer the assets of enterprises and institutions to the local education department for overall management; It is necessary to improve the efficiency and vitality of running the park by implementing the reform of joint running the park, contract system and state-owned private running the park. To implement the reform of running the garden system, we should ensure that the state-owned assets are not lost, the quality of teaching is not reduced, the legitimate rights and interests of the majority of kindergarten teachers are guaranteed, and the overall quality is improved.

9 education departments at or above the county level shall be responsible for examining and approving the qualifications of all kinds of kindergartens, issuing licenses for running kindergartens, and conducting regular audits. The competent pricing department and the financial department are responsible for issuing license fees to kindergartens that have obtained school licenses and gone through registration procedures, and providing special bills for administrative fees. No unit or individual may start a kindergarten without obtaining a school license and going through the registration formalities. Strong measures should be taken to ban illegally held kindergartens.

10. Kindergartens are not allowed to charge fees on the grounds of running experimental classes, special classes and interest classes, and are not allowed to charge sponsorship fees and teaching fees linked to children's admission to the park.

Fourth, comprehensively implement quality education and improve the quality of early childhood education.

165438+ we should respect children's personal dignity and basic rights, provide children with a safe, healthy and rich living and activity environment, and meet the needs of children's various development; Respect the characteristics and laws of children's physical and mental development, care about individual differences, make children grow up healthily, and promote all-round development of body, intelligence, morality and beauty.

12. Kindergartens should establish a mechanism to promote the continuous improvement of teachers' professional level. Teachers should be encouraged to base themselves on educational practice, carry out daily teaching and research activities, and constantly improve their own quality.

The education department should establish a mechanism for community and parents to participate in kindergarten management and supervision, establish a scientific evaluation system, and strengthen the management and guidance of kindergarten education experiments and scientific research. It is forbidden to engage in experiments and activities that violate the laws of education in kindergartens.

13. Kindergartens should work closely with families and communities. It is necessary to make full use of the resource advantages of kindergartens and communities, carry out various forms of parents' early education publicity and guidance services, and promote the continuous improvement of the quality of children's family education.

14. to strengthen the construction of demonstration kindergartens, local people's governments at all levels should make reasonable arrangements and promote the construction of demonstration kindergartens in a planned way. In kindergartens run by various social forces in urban and rural areas, a number of kindergartens with correct running direction, strict management, good education quality and good social reputation should be supported as model kindergartens.

15. We should give full play to the demonstration and radiation role of demonstration kindergartens in implementing laws and regulations on early childhood education, disseminating scientific education concepts, conducting educational research, training teachers, and guiding early education in families and communities. Demonstration kindergartens should participate in the professional guidance of all kinds of kindergartens in the region, assist education departments at all levels to do a good job in the management of conservation and education, and form a guidance and service network centered on provincial, prefectural, county and township demonstration kindergartens, covering all kinds of kindergartens at all levels.

16. The demonstration kindergarten has been recognized by the provincial and municipal education departments. Provincial education departments should formulate standards for model kindergartens in accordance with the relevant provisions of the state, regularly guide, evaluate and verify the model kindergartens, ensure that they play an exemplary role, and promote the overall development of early childhood education in the region and improve the quality of education. Review activities should be simple and frugal, and do not interfere with the normal work of local governments and kindergartens.

Five, strengthen the construction of teachers, and strive to improve the quality of preschool teachers.

17. Improve the educational level and quality of preschool teachers' colleges. According to the needs of the development of early childhood education, determine the enrollment scale; According to the reality of preschool education reform, we should adjust majors, courses and teaching contents in time, deepen education and teaching reform, and actively participate in kindergarten education practice.

18. Make a training plan for preschool teachers and strengthen the construction of training institutions for preschool teachers. According to the Ministry of Education's Regulations on Continuing Education for Primary and Secondary School Teachers, the training of preschool teachers should be included in the local continuing education plan for primary and secondary school teachers.

19. According to the relevant provisions of the Regulations on Teachers' Qualifications, the kindergarten director and teacher qualification access system shall be implemented, and the certificates shall be strictly implemented. It is necessary to implement the appointment system for teachers, establish an incentive mechanism and improve the quality and level of teachers.

20 conscientiously implement the "People's Republic of China (PRC) Teachers Law", so that kindergarten teachers enjoy the same status and treatment as primary and secondary school teachers. Protect the legitimate rights and interests of preschool teachers in further training, advanced selection, professional and technical post evaluation and employment, salary and social insurance according to law, and stabilize the contingent of preschool teachers.

Six, strengthen leadership to ensure the smooth progress of early childhood education reform and development.

2 1. Local people's governments at all levels should improve their understanding of the development of early childhood education, strengthen their leadership over early childhood education, incorporate early childhood education into the overall planning of local economic and social development, strengthen scientific research on early childhood education, seriously study and solve hot and difficult problems in the reform and development of early childhood education, formulate corresponding policies and measures, and take early childhood education as the assessment content.

Important contents of education work of local people's governments at all levels; We should take effective measures to actively develop preschool education in rural and poverty-stricken areas.

22. Local people's governments at all levels should actively take measures to increase investment in early childhood education, so as to achieve annual growth. The financial funds for early childhood education arranged by the people's governments at or above the county level shall ensure the normal operation of public kindergartens, ensure the timely and full payment of teachers' salaries, ensure the normal operation of demonstration kindergarten construction and teacher training, and support and develop early childhood education in rural and poverty-stricken areas. The funds for early childhood education shall be earmarked for special purposes, and no department shall intercept, occupy or misappropriate them. The budget of the township (town) people's government should also arrange funds for the development of early childhood education.

23 to ensure that the management of early childhood education is in place at all levels. It is necessary to establish a joint conference system for early childhood education led by the education department and attended by relevant departments, so as to inform, coordinate and solve the problems in the development of early childhood education and promote the stable and healthy development of early childhood education. Education departments at or above the county level should strengthen the management of early childhood education, run the township (town) central kindergarten well, and play its guiding role in early childhood education in the township (town). The kindergarten director of the township (town) center is responsible for the professional guidance of child care and education.

24. Local people's governments at all levels should formulate preferential policies to ensure public utility fees (such as coal, water, electricity, heating, rent, etc.). Kindergartens (classes) are charged according to the standards of primary and secondary schools, and the relevant fees are reduced or exempted in accordance with the relevant provisions on the reduction or exemption of fees for primary and secondary school construction.

25 the establishment of early childhood education supervision system, adhere to the combination of supervision and supervision. The education department of the State Council should formulate the Interim Measures for the Supervision and Evaluation of Early Childhood Education, and the provincial people's government should formulate local standards for the supervision and evaluation of early childhood education, incorporate the development, quality, investment and financing of early childhood education funds, and treatment of early childhood teachers into the scope of education supervision of governments at all levels, and actively carry out special supervision and inspection of hot and difficult issues in early childhood education.

The education supervision departments of governments at all levels and the education administrative departments shall regularly supervise and evaluate the conservation, education quality and management level of all kinds of kindergartens, and announce the evaluation results to the society and accept the supervision of the society and parents.