1, Yue Xiaodong's "My Youth-A Psychologist's Review and Analysis of Self-growth" tells some past events of the author's primary and secondary school period and makes psychological analysis, which is a unique reading.
2. Introduction: Educational Psychology: Theory and Practice (2004). The 7th edition of the original work was introduced by People's Posts and Telecommunications Publishing House.
3. The third ideological trend: Maslow Psychology (Shanghai Translation Publishing House, 200 1) comprehensively introduces Maslow's thoughts, the most important representative of humanistic psychology.
4. Stress psychology
Combined with reality, this paper talks about psychological theoretical knowledge and its application behaviorism in teacher education activities. Operation forms a conditioned reflex. For the teaching of primary school students, it is to let students practice repeatedly and finally form conditioned reflex.
Combined with reality, this paper discusses the application of psychological theory knowledge in teachers' educational activities. Let me briefly say:
First, for teachers. Facing the pressure of family and work, to deal with the relationship with family, classmates and colleagues, the angle of thinking transformation is very large. Mastering psychological knowledge is at least beneficial to the psychological adjustment of teachers themselves.
Second, for students. Students are at the age of long physical and psychological development, and many children are rebellious and eager to be respected. These children are in a managed position at home and at school, but their intelligence and physical strength have basically reached the level of adults, which makes them often dissatisfied with the arrangements made by adults. Teachers with psychological knowledge can better identify children's psychological activities and take appropriate measures to deal with them.
It is necessary for teachers and children to master psychological knowledge.
Using the theory of educational psychology, this paper discusses how to stimulate students' learning motivation and arouse their learning initiative in teaching activities. We should give full play to the attraction of teaching content and teaching materials and stimulate students' thirst for knowledge and enthusiasm.
Be good at asking questions to arouse doubts and guide students to go deeper step by step. In the process of inspiring students to think, we should be patient, attentive and thorough.
Focus on inspiring students to acquire knowledge by solving practical problems.
4. Promote democratic teaching. We should create a relaxed, harmonious, democratic, equal, frank and positive classroom teaching atmosphere.
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The theoretical knowledge of pedagogy psychology in teacher recruitment examination is very different. Should we focus on professional knowledge or theoretical knowledge? In fact, the examination of teachers depends on whether you are majoring in literature and history or science and engineering. The professional knowledge of literature and history seems to be not very heavy, mainly depending on how much knowledge you usually learn, which is relatively wide; Major in science and engineering, with relatively strong professional knowledge; Judging from the recruitment of teachers in recent years, the scores of pedagogy and psychology are not very large, around 8%, but sometimes the interview will be higher, such as 20% in 2009. You should review it comprehensively. Good luck!
Using psychological theory to explore the relationship between games and children's development. From the psychological point of view, the main activities of all ages are defined as basic activities. For adults, the basic activity is work, and they can have a proper rest after work. Although some things in our life are also games for people, adults must take work as their main basic activity. And games are the basic activities in early childhood. The so-called basic activities have two meanings: one is to meet the basic needs of life, which accounts for the most times in life; The other is an activity that has great significance and influence on the development of life.
For young children, games are basic activities. It shows that children are full of food and drink, play whenever they have time and energy, and even turn the activities needed for survival into games. For example, let him wash his face and brush his teeth, and the child will take this opportunity to play with the water in the faucet. Children like games very much. So why do children play games? Because children's games are the needs of all aspects of human physical and mental development. First, let's take a look at the needs of children. The needs of physical and mental development can be understood from various angles, but there are some basic needs.
The first need is related to survival activities. Such as eating, drinking and sleeping. At the same level as the need for survival, there is also the need for security, that is, whether his surroundings feel safe for him. Security needs are formed on the basis that adults meet their basic activities. He cried and offered him food; He is wet. Change his diaper. Children gradually feel safe about the external environment. There is such a picture in many materials that many children like to be played by adults, and their fathers like to throw them up, and the children will giggle happily. Why don't children feel scared in the air? Because he has a sense of security and trust in adults. This is the need for security and trust. This demand is based on the fact that an adult has met his basic survival needs. This level also requires physical activity, which is related to physical activity. To sum up, there are three requirements: 1. Survival needs, 2. Security needs and 3. Demand for sports activities.
The second level of needs is the needs of cognitive activities. The need of cognitive activities is that children are curious and active about things. The need of cognitive activities is that children are curious, explore things, and want to touch and move everything. These are the needs of cognitive activities.
In addition, after the child is born, there is a social need in the process of interacting with the external environment. This is also the need of the third level. At first, it was to associate with adults, who were the earliest objects of society, and then gradually moved to associate with partners. At this level, the child's self-awareness gradually develops, and at the same time he has a self-affirming development need.
Use the theory and viewpoint of happiness psychology to talk about how to feel the beauty of life. First, have your own hobbies, which have nothing to do with money and interests, and make life interesting.
Second, achieve a balanced state in the values you care about, such as health, family, interpersonal relationship, love, wealth and professional skills, so that your life can be balanced and satisfied.
Third, have faith, so that the soul can have a resting place.
Fourth, constantly grow up and reach a state of existence that does not need all external materials, fame, talent, guru, faith, etc., and can maintain peace and joy.
How to apply the theory of educational psychology to guide music teaching activities with the development of the times? Since the middle of last century, the psychology of music education has become a new interdisciplinary subject in music education, which has attracted the attention of educators and attracted many people's attention. The research in this field is the need of human development, national development and the construction of music education discipline, which plays an important role in promoting music teaching in primary schools.
So, what is the psychology of music education? Psychology of music education is a subject that studies and analyzes the psychological activities of teaching and learning in the process of music education. It is a discipline that studies the psychological and brain responses of human beings to teaching and learning music from the psychological point of view. It analyzes the influence and function of music on the quality formation of educated people from the psychological point of view, and provides a theoretical basis for the methods and principles of music education and teaching. As Mr. Zhao said in his "Introduction to Music Education Psychology", "It is the product of the mutual infiltration of music pedagogy and music psychology to a certain stage. It not only draws lessons from the rich research results of musicology related disciplines, but also is influenced by the in-depth development of pedagogy and psychology, and establishes its own research object, scope and purpose in the discipline construction. Let it be complete and independent. "
With the continuous advancement of music education curriculum reform in China, primary school music teachers should not only have professional skills and profound knowledge, but also have knowledge of music education psychology, master and understand students' psychological laws and development, and carry out teaching activities in combination with pupils' psychology, which not only plays a great role in the effectiveness of teachers' classroom teaching, but also helps students to get better development.
Primary school is an important stage for the development of children's creativity and thinking ability. The new curriculum reform puts forward that music education should take aesthetic development as the core and students as the main body. How to continuously run through this idea and thought in primary school music teaching, mobilize students' initiative and develop students' creativity, the premise is to understand the characteristics and laws of students' psychological development, and take the psychological method of music education as the guidance in the teaching process, so that teachers can better carry out teaching activities with corresponding teaching methods and effective teaching design, and make classroom teaching more exciting. Let me talk about the application of several teaching methods under the guidance of music education psychology in classroom teaching.
First, the body rhythm teaching method
In primary school, students' ability to learn music will improve with their age. It is usually divided into three stages according to age: primary, intermediate and advanced. Teachers should understand students' cognitive and psychological characteristics at all stages, master the teaching discretion, and make teaching activities achieve good teaching results. Junior students, especially those in grades 12 and 12, are curious, active and fun. This is to enhance learning interest, stimulate students' interest in learning music, attract attention, arouse students' body movements and feel the flow of music in body rhythm with the ups and downs of music melody and distinctive rhythm, and also to express people's inner emotional activities and train students from both physical and mental aspects. The world-famous music education system places rhythm teaching in a very important position, such as the body rhythm teaching method advocated by Dalcroze, a world-famous music educator, who believes that the essence of music lies in the reflection of emotions. Humans transform their inner emotions into music through their bodies, which is the origin of music. The rhythm of posture combines inner hearing and muscle sensory memory. The rhythm of posture is an aesthetic process, so we must use fresh, interesting and aesthetically satisfying music. Teachers should guide and encourage students to move and experience the beauty of music flow.
Second, the emotional experience, the inner sense of music
In primary school music teaching, grasping experience is the key. The cultivation of students' mind and the establishment of aesthetics must be based on aesthetic experience and rich accumulation of aesthetic experience. Music is the art of sound, which is felt through hearing, and hearing is the means for students to explore music. For example, in music appreciation class, we should grasp the key point of "listening", learn to listen and experience it personally, so as to deepen the aesthetic feeling of educators. This is also emphasized by Kodaly, a famous music educator, to cultivate students' inner sense of music. For example, I let students enjoy Schubert's "Lullaby" in the first grade music class. Before enjoying, I guide students to close their eyes gently and experience the feeling brought by music. There was a child lying on the ground after listening for a while. I didn't wake him up immediately. After the music, he stood up and said, "I seem to fall asleep listening to this music." I didn't criticize what he just did. He really showed his feelings. For primary school students in grade one, feelings and experiences are the most important. I praised him. This is the characteristic of first-year students, who dare to express their feelings with concrete actions. Traditional music teaching ignores students' feelings, and more is boring mechanical skills training. As a result, students' music appreciation and aesthetic ability have not been really improved, and their interest in learning has gradually disappeared. The psychological development of primary school students is characterized by the development trend from concrete image thinking to abstract logical thinking. Because music is not concrete, we pay more attention to cultivating students' musical sense ears, which plays an important role in students' all-round development and music learning.
Third, explore creative teaching methods.
The new curriculum standard puts forward: music teaching takes students as the main body, and the most important thing is to improve students' initiative in learning. Teachers should stimulate students' interest in learning music in class, and interest is a stepping stone for people to enter the art palace. For example, teachers should create a good and harmonious learning atmosphere, some special situations, and design some games according to students' psychological characteristics, so that students can start learning unconsciously in an environment of "psychological safety" and "psychological freedom". With interest, we can explore creativity in inquiry, with students as the main body and teachers as explorers. It is necessary to guide students to explore, discover, master and creatively use knowledge freely, so as to make students' creativity develop continuously. We should get rid of the traditional education that focuses on imparting knowledge and skills and turn to modern education that focuses on cultivating learning ability and developing new knowledge. For example, in class, we ask students to summarize in the process of exploring sound. Teachers are more about guiding and supplementing, giving students more encouragement, paying attention to the process of creation, cultivating students' thinking of music creation, and letting students fully immerse themselves in the music experience and enjoy the beauty. Of course, in addition to the above teaching methods, there are many methods worthy of teachers' thinking and research in order to better serve teaching.
The purpose of studying and studying the psychology of music education is to apply what you have learned and improve the quality of teaching, which is also the need of the development of the times. As Dalcroze emphasized, the most important thing in music class is to awaken children's musical consciousness, which is not only the need of music learning, but also the need of children's instinct. I believe that with the theoretical guidance of music education psychology, combined with the characteristics of students' psychological development, and using flexible and innovative teaching methods, music teaching will be more lively and the music classroom will be fruitful and full of flowers.
Research on teaching theory and method of vocational education based on knowledge classification theory: Vocational education is originally an educational category based on social needs. It belongs to a link of higher education, but it is more aimed at students with low academic performance, based on reality and better adapted to society.
According to the classification of knowledge:
Vocational education includes professional skills education and academic education.
Obviously, the emphasis is on professional skills education, because there is a lack of highly skilled talents who understand technology and business in real society. This is the premise of the rapid development of vocational education and the lock of social reality.
Learning should be practiced, thought and summarized.
Although I know that my answer may not be suitable for the questioner's idea, this reality will not change from the general trend. Therefore, in teaching, we should start with the future development and talk about it in order to promote students' learning.
I hope I can help you and wish you success.
Theory and practice of educational psychology How to be a qualified teacher If you mean academic qualifications, both undergraduate and distance education need systematic study, credit acquisition, graduation research and graduation thesis writing. However, according to the professional setting of undergraduate courses, there is generally only a diploma in education. Because pedagogy is a first-class discipline, educational psychology is an interdisciplinary subject between pedagogy and psychology, and educational psychology is two disciplines under the branch of educational science.
If you mean the professional qualification certificate, then it is the teacher qualification certificate. In addition to the knowledge of pedagogy and educational psychology, it is also necessary to have written and trial lectures on comprehensive knowledge, educational management and teaching skills. If it is not a unified examination province, it is necessary to take an examination of pedagogy and educational psychology first; If it is a unified examination province, it is not necessary to take the examination of pedagogy and educational psychology now. Now most provinces have unified examinations, so pedagogy and educational psychology are integrated into the unified examinations. In addition to the knowledge of pedagogy and educational psychology, it is also necessary to have written and trial lectures on comprehensive knowledge, educational management and teaching skills.
For the problems you care about, the teacher qualification certificate is the qualification certificate of the teacher profession, and pedagogy and educational psychology are the basis. Pedagogy itself is a highly comprehensive discipline, which will intersect with other disciplines such as management, psychology, physiology and psychology. In addition, pedagogy and educational psychology will develop rapidly with the educational reform, so new theories and technologies will be updated rapidly. Learners are required not only to have strong self-study and self-reflection ability, but also to have rich teaching practice and scientific research experience in order to construct their own educational theories, concepts and technologies.