Liang Shuming's rural construction began with finding the root of the China problem. He believes that China's problems are "stupidity", "poverty", "weakness" and "selfishness", and education is to make people realize the bad habits of China citizens and overcome them. While most people in China live in rural areas, China is a rural society, and China's way out is in rural areas. Therefore, to save China, we should start with improving rural education in China.

China's social problems are due to the encounter between Chinese and Western cultures, and China's culture is dwarfed. In order to cope with new problems, the old culture in China was completely destroyed, and the rural areas in China went bankrupt and collapsed. Therefore, it is imperative to create a new culture and save the old countryside. Rural education and rural construction are actually two sides of the same question. Rural construction takes rural education as the means and rural education as the goal.