Four measures to prevent children's burns, burns and scalds are common accidental injuries of preschool children, because they still lack the ability of self-protection and self-care, so daily prevention is the first. Parents should master the necessary knowledge of child burn care. The following are four measures to prevent burns and scalds in children.

Four measures to prevent children from scalding and burning. 1 What if it burns?

The most common causes of dog burns are: boiling water, hot steam, flame, hot porridge and other thermal burns. Chemical burns such as strong acid and alkali.

Causes of burns (scalds)

The most common causes of burns are: thermal burns, such as boiling water, hot steam, flame, hot porridge and so on. Chemical burns such as strong acid and alkali.

First aid for burns (scalds)

1, the wound must be washed with clean water, and then wrapped or applied with clean cloth to prevent infection. When the skin is burned by strong acid, strong alkali and asphalt, it should be fully rinsed with Qingyong. In order to prevent acid and alkali from remaining in the wound, the washing time is generally not less than 5 minutes.

2. When the limbs are burned, wash them with clean cold water first, then cover them with clean cloth or sterile gauze and send them to the hospital. When the eyes are burned, rinse with normal saline, then take out the foreign body with a cotton swab and drop 0,25% chloramphenicol eye drops.

3. In case of water shortage, you can take several small doses of light salt water or boiled drinks (each tablet contains 0.3g of salt, 0.5g of sodium bicarbonate,/kloc-0.5g and 0.03g of lumina), each tablet 1 tablet, and boiled water 100ml for oral administration. Generally, several times is appropriate. If vomiting and bloating occur, stop taking it several times. Avoid simply giving dogs boiled water or sugar water to avoid complications such as brain edema.

4. When a small area of mild burn (scald) is treated at home, the wound should be washed with light salt water or cold boiled water first, and then immediately coated with badger oil or soy sauce, honey, vegetable oil, cucumber juice, egg white, vaseline, etc. To protect the wound and prevent blistering and infection.

Four measures to prevent children from scalding and burning 2 1, rinse with cold water 10 minutes or more, apply Jingwanhong ointment or MEBO to clear away heat and toxic materials, reduce swelling and relieve pain, don't rub him and pay attention to protect the wound, don't eat spicy and irritating food recently, and if there is no medicine, you can use balm aloe gel for external application.

2, boiling water or hot things burn, the most urgent treatment is continuous cold water washing, quickly reduce the temperature of scalded skin, in order to minimize thermal damage, it is best to rinse for 20 to 30 minutes, and then go to the hospital in time!

3. Immediately after scalding the skin, pour alcohol into the basin or bucket, and immerse all the injured parts in alcohol to relieve the pain, eliminate redness and prevent foaming. After skin soaking 1~2 hours, the scalded skin can gradually return to normal. After scalding, apply some soap immediately, which can temporarily reduce swelling and relieve pain.

4. After the skin is scalded by oil or boiled water, it can be directly applied to the injured surface with wind oil essence, flower oil or vegetable oil (such as sesame oil). If the skin is not broken, it will usually stop the pain in 5 minutes.

Kettles and insulated kettles must be placed in safe places where children can't touch them. Be more careful when boiling water to prevent children from overturning the kettle and scalding.

5. Ignition tools such as lighters and matches should be stored in a high and ventilated place to prevent children from playing with fire with tools.

6. Sockets and plugs that are not often used at home, it is best to buy a professional cover or temporarily close it to prevent children from inserting their fingers into the socket hole.

7. Tableware for hot food, such as rice cookers and pressure cookers, should not be placed in low-lying places or on the ground as far as possible. If you must put it, remember to cover it and guide the children not to touch it at will.

8. It is best to keep the kitchen door closed to prevent children from starting gas, gas or other electrical appliances to cause danger. You'd better unplug the toilet water heater when there is no one at home.

9. Check the plugs, sockets, wires and other items at home regularly. If it is damaged or obviously exposed, replace it with a new one in time to prevent the line from falling off.

How to prevent and treat burns and scalds in children I. The concept of burns and scalds in children

Children's burns and scalds refer to thermal burns, that is, the damage to the skin caused by high-temperature substances, including hot water in the bath, knocking over containers containing hot water, thermos bottles and other hot liquids, flames, hot metals and so on. Most parts are head and face, perineum, buttocks, palms and so on. It is a pediatric emergency and needs to be dealt with in time.

Second, treat and prevent burns and scalds in children.

1, on-site first aid includes

(1) Get away from the heat source quickly: help the child roll on the spot to put out the fire or use water to put out the fire, or cover it with a quilt, blanket or coat to put out the fire immediately, and quickly drag away the clothes soaked in the hydrothermal solution when scalded. Rinse with plenty of tap water immediately when acid and alkali burns, and then rinse with clean water after removing powder particles, so as to avoid aquatic heat aggravating lime burns.

(2) Wash the injured part with cold water.

⑶ Keep the wound clean: wrap the wound with food cling film or clean gauze, and remember to abuse soy sauce, alkaline noodles, yellow sauce, toothpaste, ointment and nail polish to smear the wound.

(4) In case of respiratory and circulatory disorders, cardiopulmonary support should be given immediately.

5] Keep the respiratory tract unobstructed: tilt your head back to make the airway straight for ventilation, and tilt your head to one side when vomiting to prevent sucking.

[6] Timely transport: critically ill children should be sent to the nearest hospital for treatment in time. During transportation, we should continue to rescue them and pay attention to their consciousness, breathing, pulse and blood pressure.

2, treatment of mild burns: children with mild burns often do not need infusion treatment, can be treated in outpatient clinic. Including the prevention and treatment of infection; Prevention of tetanus; Oral rehydration salts to prevent dehydration; Wound treatment: debridement, covered with Lithospermum gauze or Vaseline gauze, and wrapped with absorbent gauze.

3. Treatment of severe burns: fluid replacement; Prevention and treatment of infection; Treatment of wound surface; Nutritional support; Symptomatic treatment: cooling, anticonvulsant, analgesic, prevention of stress ulcer and brain edema treatment.

4. Prevention of burns and scalds in children: Nurses should enhance their safety awareness and avoid contact with or stay away from risk factors.