Ruby is mainly composed of timely, followed by hematite and a small amount of siderite, ankerite, mica, etc. It closely coexists with iron and copper ores in layers and lenses. The most common color is vermilion; Those with high iron content are dark red; Red with low iron content.

Opaque, hardness close to 7. There are fewer cracks. Good polishing performance. The block size is generally10 ~ 20cm thick, up to 30 ~ 40cm. Some interbedded with hematite, siderite, ankerite or veinlets. Suitable for making middle and low grade small jade articles.

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Ruby is different from southern agate. Ruby in the original stone is basically "full of meat", which can't be penetrated by a strong light. The appearance of volcanic ruby shell is almost the same as that of Liangshan Nanhong.

However, the surface of tourmaline skin with obvious nail lines is generally smooth, unlike the original skin of south red agate with pits; Under the strong light, even the fleshy south red agate will have the texture of glass and glue, as well as the unique silk lines in agate, while ruby does not.

Refer to the above? Baidu Encyclopedia-Ruby