1. Freedom principle
According to Montessori's view of children, children's inner impulse is expressed through free activities, and he can choose the object of activities according to his special hobbies. "The basic principle of science pedagogy will be the freedom of students, allowing personal development and the free expression of children's nature.
Just because a child has the freedom to move fully does not mean that he can do whatever he wants. Montessori believes that children must cultivate discipline on the basis of freedom. Freedom and discipline are two inseparable aspects of the same thing. Free activity is an important way to form real discipline, and real discipline must also be based on free activity.
2. Working principle
Montessori believes that the activity that makes children develop physically and mentally is "work". If a child can concentrate on his work, it just shows that this kind of work can meet his inner needs. This process is also the physical and psychological materialization of children. This not only satisfies the child psychologically, but also enables him to gain independent ability. In a word, work is of great help to children, which can help them coordinate and control their muscles, make them discover their potential, help them cultivate their independence and willpower, and make them exercise themselves in the mysterious world where their vitality is constantly showing, so as to further improve themselves.
The classroom in Montessori school creates a "prepared environment". The so-called prepared environment is the real environment to meet children's needs, the environment to provide activities and exercises for children's physical and mental development, and the environment full of love, nutrition, happiness and convenience. Only through such an environment can children realize their working ability and form a real "self-construction".