Oppose monastic education and put forward the training goal of harmonious development of body, mind and personality. Of course, this is not a simple restoration of the Greek educational thought of "harmonious development of body and mind", but a social condition rooted in reality.
Because with the intensification of political struggle, the development of production and the discovery of new navigation, the people to be trained by the upper bourgeoisie at this time are no longer monks and monks, nor are they speakers who participate in the politics of slave owners, but mainly social, political, cultural and commercial activists and even adventurers.
2. Cultural object
Expand the target of education, oppose corporal punishment and insult to children, and emphasize respect and care for children. In some schools run by humanists, there are not only children of nobles, but also children of civilians, and their educational scope has expanded.
In view of the fallacy that religious schools preach that children are born guilty and corporal punishment prevails, humanist educators advocate loving children and point out the necessity of harmonious development of children's personality. They demand a close relationship between teachers and students, respect children's self-esteem, and strongly oppose the use of corporal punishment on children, as well as those educational and teaching methods that inhibit children's talent.
They ask parents and teachers to set an example and attach importance to children's independent spirit. They suggest that children's honor and competition should be used instead of corporal punishment as a means to promote children's learning.
3. In terms of educational content.
Oppose the study of "Shinto" and advocate the study of humanities. In order to meet the requirements of the emerging bourgeoisie to train the younger generation into the educated people they need, humanistic educators put forward that the teaching content of schools should be expanded. Since the Middle Ages, the teaching content of schools has been limited to "seven arts" (grammar, rhetoric, dialectics, arithmetic, geometry, astronomy and music theory).
Among the seven arts, the last four arts (arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, music theory). It has always been neglected, and the first three arts are permeated with theological nature.
Now, due to the development of science and the emergence of new disciplines, the teaching content of the school should be expanded accordingly, such as adding disciplines such as history, moral philosophy, nature, physics and geography. Pay special attention to the study of classical literature and Greek and Roman works.
Extended data
origin
Most historians believe that the concept of Renaissance originated in Florence in the late 3rd century, especially in Dante (1265- 132 1), Petrarch (1304- 1374) and Joe's.
Some scholars have clearly given the start time of the Renaissance, and one of them suggested that it should be marked by 140 1 year when two talented sculptors, lorenzo Ghiberti and Philip brunelleschi, competed for the contract of bronze doors in the Baptistery Hall of Notre Dame de Florence.
Other scholars believe that it is the general competition between artists and learned scholars (including brunelleschi, ghiberti, Donatello and Ma Saqiao) for artistic creation that inspired the creativity in the Renaissance.
Baidu Encyclopedia-Renaissance