Let's take a look at the basic situation of the four existing networks in China.
(1) public computer internet
ChinaNET was organized and managed by the former Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications. The former Ministry of Posts and Telecommunications and Sprint Link Company of the United States signed the Internet interconnection agreement in 1994, and started the Internet interconnection project of two telecommunications bureaus in Beijing and Shanghai. At present, ChinaNET has two special international export lines in Beijing and Shanghai.
ChinaNET consists of backbone network and access network. Backbone network is the main information channel of ChinaNET, which connects the network nodes of municipalities and provincial capitals. The backbone network has covered all provinces, municipalities and autonomous regions in China, including 8 regional network centers and 365,438+0 provincial network sub-centers. Access network is a network composed of network nodes built in various provinces.
(2) CERNET, China Education and Research Network.
CERNET, a computer network for education and scientific research in China, is a nationwide internet network for education and scientific research, which is approved by the State Planning Commission and Yuanzhou Education Commission 1994 and built and managed by Yuanzhou Education Commission. The goal of this project is to build a national education and scientific research infrastructure, connect most domestic universities and realize resource sharing. It is the largest public welfare Internet in China.
CERNET has built a three-level hierarchical network including national backbone network, regional network and campus network. CERNET is managed in four levels, namely the National Network Center; Regional network center and regional master node; Provincial education and research network; Campus network. CERNET National Network Center is located in Tsinghua University and is responsible for the operation and management of the national backbone network. Regional network centers and regional master nodes are located in Tsinghua University, Peking University, Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Xi Jiaotong University, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, South China University of Technology, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Southeast University, Northeastern University and other/kloc-0 universities, and are responsible for the operation, management, planning and construction of regional networks.
By 200 1, the transmission rate of CERNET backbone network has reached 2.5Gbps, and CERNET has 28 international and regional channels, which are connected with the United States, Canada, Britain, Germany, Japan and Hong Kong SAR, with a total bandwidth exceeding 100Mbps. The transmission rate of CERNET LAN has reached 155Mbps, and Chinese mainland has reached 160 cities. There are 895 educational and scientific research institutions (including 800 institutions of higher learning), networking hosts 1 10,000, and 7.49 million network users.
CERNET is also an experimental network for next generation Internet research in China. Relying on the existing network facilities and technical strength, CERNET has established a nationwide IPV6 experimental bed. 1998, CERNET formally joined the next generation IP protocol (IPv6) trial network 6BONE, and became a member of its backbone network in the same year. CERNET is the first in China to realize the interconnection with the international next-generation high-speed network INTERNET 2. At present, only CERNET users in China can access INTERNET2 directly and smoothly.
CERNET has also supported and guaranteed a number of important national network application projects. For example, the national online enrollment system played a very good role in the enrollment of colleges and universities in 2000.
The construction of CERNET has strengthened China's information infrastructure, narrowed the gap with foreign advanced countries in the information field, and played a positive role in the construction of China's computer information network.
(3) CSTNET.
China Science and Technology Information Network (hereinafter referred to as China STINET) is an information service network established by the State Science and Technology Commission in conjunction with scientific and technological information institutions in various provinces and cities across the country. It adopts advanced information technology and aims to promote extensive information sharing and exchange in the whole society. The establishment of China Science and Technology Information Network has played a positive role in accelerating the development and utilization of domestic information resources and promoting international exchanges and cooperation. With its rich information resources and diversified service methods, it has provided services for the vast number of users in the scientific and technological circles and high-tech industries at home and abroad.
China Science and Technology Information Network is an information value-added service network based on public data communication network. Geographically, it covers all provinces and cities in China, and logically connects ministries and commissions of all provinces and cities and scientific and technological information institutions. It is the backbone network of the national science and technology information system and the access network of the Internet. China Science and Technology Information Network is a combination of intranet and Internet in service function. Its intranet function provides a platform for office automation within the State Science and Technology Commission system, and provides a channel for information transmission among the State Science and Technology Commission, local provincial and municipal science and technology commissions and other ministries. Its Internet function is mainly to serve professional scientific and technological information service institutions, including national, local provinces, cities and ministries.
China Science and Technology Information Network has developed rapidly since it was connected to 1994. At present, network nodes have been established in more than 20 provinces and cities across the country.
(4) National Public Economic Information Communication Network (Jinqiao Network) (CHINAGBN)
Jinqiao Network is a business network based on Jinqiao Project, which supports the application of "Golden" prefix projects such as Jintong, Golden Tax and Golden Card. It is a backbone network covering the whole country, implementing international networking and providing users with dedicated channels, network services and information services. Jinqiao Network is led by Jitong Company and connected to the Internet.