20 1 1 With Tibet, Sichuan, Qinghai, Gansu and other four provinces passing the "two basics" national inspection, all county-level units in the country have popularized compulsory education. Since the promulgation of 1986 Compulsory Education Law, China has popularized free compulsory education in urban and rural areas in 25 years, which fundamentally solved the problem of school-age children and adolescents. After the full popularization of compulsory education, the gap between regions, between urban and rural areas and between schools has become prominent, which has become the deep-seated reason for hot and difficult issues such as school choice, students' heavy academic burden and arbitrary charges. Promoting the balanced development of compulsory education and ensuring that all school-age children and adolescents receive fair and high-quality compulsory education have become the strategic tasks of compulsory education in the new period.

In 20 1 1 and 20 12, the Ministry of Education signed a memorandum on the balanced development of compulsory education with the provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities) and Xinjiang Production and Construction Corps, and the provinces also signed a letter of responsibility for the balanced development of compulsory education with various localities (cities) or counties (cities, districts), forming a system of grasping the first level and the first level.

The promulgation and implementation of the Opinions shows that the CPC Central Committee and the State Council attach great importance to and care for education. It is of great significance to further promote the balanced development of compulsory education, strive to improve the running level of rural schools and weak schools, comprehensively improve the quality of compulsory education, strive to achieve "learning and teaching" for all school-age children and adolescents, adhere to the people-oriented principle, promote the all-round development of people, solve the deep-seated contradictions of compulsory education, promote the scientific development of education, promote educational equity and build a harmonious socialist society.