-Fan Zhongyan Emei Mountain in the first half of autumn, reflecting the Pingqiang River flow. In the evening, Qingxi went to the Three Gorges, but the four gentlemen did not see Yuzhou.
-"Emei Mountain Moon Song" Li Baishui Lotus, Mountain Island. -Cao Cao's "Looking at the Sea" protects the field with one water, and the two mountains send green-Wang Anshi's "Mr. Shu Huyin's Wall" is beautiful and the mountains are empty and rainy.
-Drink the rain after the Qing Dynasty on Lake Sushi, and the water attracts the eyes and the mountains gather eyebrows. -the operator of the crown.
2. Poems about scenery. Poems about mountains: A straight line leads to heaven, and its peak enters heaven and reaches five sacred peaks. In Li Bai's Dream of Climbing Mount Tianmu, the shadow passes through China.
The Paradise Terrace Mountains are 100 miles long, and it is here that they begin to extend to the southeast. Su Shi, a stone wall in Xilin, looks like a mountain peak on the edge of a ridge, with different heights.
I can't recognize the true face of Lushan Mountain because I am there. Wang Wei's "Zhongnanshan" has a huge height close to the paradise city, from the mountain to the corner of the sea.
The white clouds merged behind, and the blue mist melted into the mountains and disappeared. The central mountain peaks separate the southwest, and the valleys are different.
Want to find a house to live in the mountains, is it convenient for the water guide to ask the woodcutter? Second, the poem describing water: How the Yellow River water moved into the sea, never to return, is not seen in Li Bai's Into the Wine! In Bai Juyi's Memory of Jiangnan, the sunrise is redder than the fire, and the river is as green as the blue of spring. Can you not remember Jiangnan? Wang Wei's "Qingxi" I drove the Huanghua River and carried the Lvxigou.
Ten thousand laps around the mountain in less than thirty miles. The rapids buzzed on the piled rocks, but the light dimmed among the dense pine trees.
The surface of an entrance swayed with nut horns, and weeds grew along the river bank. Idle heart, Qing Chuan is so light.
Please trade on the stone. Drop the fishing line forever! .
Wang Wei's Overlooking the Han River, three branches in the south reach Chu, and nine branches flow to Jingmen. The river crosses heaven and earth, where the colors of the mountains are yes and no.
Human habitation seems to float on the ripples in the distant sky. These beautiful days in Xiangyang have fascinated my old mountain! .
Mountain: 1, the mountain is heavy and the water is suspicious, so there is no way. (Lu You Shanxi Village Tour) 2. Then he disappeared around the corner, leaving only hoofprint.
(Cen Can's Snow White Farewells Tian Shuji Wu Gui) 3. What are water, mountains and islands? (Cao Cao's Looking at the Sea) 4. We looked at the green trees around your village and the pale blue of the distant mountains.
(Meng Haoran, "Passing the Old Village") 5. Watching the ridge here become a mountain peak, the distance is different. (Su Shi's title Xilin wall) 6. Once you climb to the top of the mountain, you will see that all the other mountains look short under the sky. ..
(Du Fu's "Looking at Yue") 7. Mount Dongshan, Lu Xiao, Mount Taishan, a small world. (Confucius) Water: 1, west of Jiating in the north of Gushan Temple, with low initial water level.
Bai Juyi's Spring Tour in Qiantang) 2. How the water of the Yellow River flows out of heaven and into the ocean, which is gone forever. (Li Bai's "Into the Wine") 3. Who knows that life is not less? The water in front of the door can still flow west, so don't sing yellow chicken with white hair.
(Su Shi) 4. Peach Blossom Pond is deeper than thousands of feet, but not as good as Wang Lun. (Li Bai) 5. As for launching Xiangling, it is along the back block.
(Li Daoyuan's Three Gorges) 6. Water is green and blue. You can swim with the fine stones and look directly at them.
(Wu Junshu and Zhu) 1. Yu Xia scattered into Qi, and Chengjiang was as quiet as practice-(Southern Dynasties) Qi. Xie Tiao's Going to Wang Jingyi in the Late Three Mountains II. The sky is grey, the wilderness is boundless, the wind blows the grass and the cattle and sheep are low —— (Northern Qi Dynasty) The northern folk song "Chile Song" 3. Besiege Yueyang-Haoran's Letter from Dongting Lake to Premier Zhang 6. The wild sand shore is clean, the sky is high and the autumn is bright —— Xie Lingyun's first visit to the county in Southern Song Dynasty. How does the water of the Yellow River leave the sky and enter the sea for good-the eighth of Tang Li Bai's Into the Wine. One person's strength is above ten thousand people-The Difficult Road by Tang Li Bai 9. Green hills on both sides of the strait are opposite. A lone sail comes from the sun —— Looking at Tianmen Mountain by Tang Li Bai 10. Flying over three thousands of feet, it is suspected that the Milky Way has set for nine days —— Looking at Lushan Waterfall by Tang Libai 1 1. Sailing alone, the Yangtze River flows in the sky-Yellow Crane Tower of Li Bai in Tang Dynasty. What's the fun of running water? Banquet at the East Pool Pavilion outside the venue 13. The river has ribbons, and the mountain is like a jade hairpin. Used in Nanwen 14 in "Send a Message to Dr. Yan in Guizhou". Once you climb to the top of the mountain, you will see that all the other mountains look short under the sky. -Tang Du Fu's Wang Yue 15. -Su Songshi titled "Xilin Wall" 17 The water is bright and sunny, and the mountains are empty and rainy. -Stone Rain after Drinking Chuqing Lake 18. There is no road in the mountains, and there is another village-Youshanxi Village, Song Lu
Book Jiangxi stoma wall "2 1. Clouds coming to the mountains are better, clouds going to the mountains are picturesque, mountains are bright because of clouds, and clouds * * * compete with mountains —— Bird Yang Hao's "Double-tune geese fall to win".
3. Landscape Poems (Complete Works) When Wang Wei lived in seclusion in Wangchuan, he wrote a number of beautiful landscape poems.
He wrote "Wangchuan Collection" by himself, including 20 five-character quatrains that he and his friend Pei Di sang to each other. The main content is to describe the scenery near Wangchuan and express the interest of seclusion. Look at Wu Xinyi first: hibiscus flowers with chopped red calyx in the mountains.
The mouth of a stream is silent, without a trace. They open and fall. In the silent mountain stream, magnolia blooms and falls, surviving and dying. It's not fake, it has nothing to do with the world, and no one knows.
This is a world far away from the hubbub, and it is also the unique artistic conception of the poet Wang Wei's integration of subject and object, which is simply the symbolic realm of Buddhism's view of emptiness. Therefore, Hu Yinglin, a literary critic in the Ming Dynasty, said that this poem was a work of Zen. "I have forgotten my life experience, and all my thoughts are silent."
The artistic conception created by Wang Wei here, born out of the image, is a combination of poetic realm and Zen realm, with profound meaning and strong artistic appeal. This artistic achievement can not but be said to be beneficial to his study of Buddhism and the edification of Buddhist thinking mode.
Wang Wei was called "Shi Fo" by later generations. He believed in Buddhism in his early years.
Mother Cui Shi has been practicing meditation for more than 30 years. Wang Wei and his younger brother, Wang Jin, "both worship Buddhism and live on vegetables, so it is better to eat meat and blood" (Biography of Wang Wei in Old Tang Dynasty).
When Wang Wei was 3 1 year old, his wife died and he no longer married. He lives alone in a room, and his screen is very tired. "he has no children" ("the list of brothers recommended by the bow"). He also wrote many poems about Buddhism, and he has high attainments in Buddhism.
Among the schools of Buddhism in the Tang Dynasty, Wang Wei believed in Zen, and Nanzong Zen was the main one. Nanzong Zen is the product of the combination of Buddhism, Confucianism and Taoism in China, and its philosophy of destiny and life provides the latest and most complete way for China literati.
However, some practice methods of Nanzong Zen have something in common with China's poetry creation. Yan Yu, a literary critic in the Song Dynasty, said: "Generally speaking, Zen is only in the wonderful understanding, and poetry is also in the wonderful understanding" (Cang Hua).
Miao Wu is an insight into Zen, and it can also be expressed as an understanding of art. Both poetry and Zen need a keen inner experience, both emphasize enlightenment and metaphor, and both pursue meaning.
When talking about "epiphany", Nanzong Zen often uses the expression of images to convey the law, with special emphasis on the role of intuition, suggestion, induction and association in understanding. Wang Wei came from Zen, and naturally he has a deep understanding of this method of grasping the world.
He integrated his understanding of Buddhism into his outlook on life and turned religious feelings into poetic thoughts, creating a poetic artistic conception of "emptiness", "quietness" and "leisure". Zen advocates the beautiful style of mountains and rivers, which has also played a guiding and enlightening role in Wang Wei's conscious approach to mountains and rivers and the exploration of their aesthetic value.
Wang Wei described his inner experience in the poem Zhuliguan: I leaned alone in the dense bamboo, playing the pipa and humming a song. It's too light for anyone to hear, except my partner, Mingyue.
The poet sat alone in the depths of the bamboo forest, playing the piano and whistling. No one knows his existence, only the bright moon accompanies him. Nature knows his inner loneliness best, and the bright moon brings him a quiet happiness.
Things and I are one, things and I forget each other. Zen and poetry are in harmony. The same is true in Chai Lu: there seems to be no one on the empty mountain, but I think I hear a voice.
The shadow of the sunset shone into the depths of the forest, and the scenery on the moss was pleasant. There was no one in the empty mountain, only heard intermittent voices floating from the depths of the forest, and a ray of sunset was transmitted on the moss in the depths of the forest, which was so trance-like and sad.
This is the ethereal realm that Wang Wei pursues, far away from the hubbub. Although lonely, it is also meaningful. In the Qing Dynasty, Wang Yuyang said that Wang Wei's poems were "Zen", and "implicit words were tantamount to the laughter of Buddha and Ye Jia" (Continued from Silkworm Tail).
In other words, Wang Wei's landscape poems are full of Zen meaning, Zen music and Zen taste, and convey Zen meaning. Nature fully shows the poet's unique taste in the beautiful scenery of mountains and rivers.
Wang Wei doesn't necessarily go to remote places for meditation. He also looks at the vast world and the lively farm life: sunny Yuan Ye is endless and has no atmosphere at all. The gatehouse of the outer city is close to the ferry pier, and the trees at the edge of the village connect the stream and the estuary.
The silvery white river is shining in the fields, especially bright, and the green mountains stand behind the ridge. It is the busy farming season, there are no idle people, and farmers are busy going to the fields.
-"New Sunny Wild Hope" A spring rain washed away the dirt and the scene was completely new. Busy farming, people and scenery are bathed in fresh air.
The phrase "white water" forms a layered picture of close-up and distant view. The water is bright, the mountains are green, and the contrast between light and color is harmonious. On the surface, you can't see the Zen meaning of this poem.
In fact, that spring rain was like holy water poured out of a pure Buddhist bottle, which washed everything clean and ethereal. It's just that everything is wonderfully integrated with Zen and poetry, and he doesn't let Zen overwhelm poetry.
Of course, what we pay attention to is the kind of praise for farmers' life, and we appreciate the beautiful aura without tirelessly pursuing its Zen philosophy. Wang Wei is a versatile cultural giant who is good at poetry, music, painting and calligraphy.
Su Dongpo, a great writer in the Song Dynasty, said: "There are paintings in Wang Wei's poems; Look at the picture, there are poems in the picture. " (Shu Moran Tian Yan Yu Tu) His words are incisive and to the point.
Wang Wei was an accomplished landscape painter in Tang Dynasty. He painted with Xiao Shu's simple brushwork of ink and wash, created ink and wash landscapes, and became a family of his own, and was called the founder of landscape painting Nanzong by later generations.
His paintings emphasize freehand brushwork, pursue spirit likeness and express subjective feelings. So "draw things, don't ask the four seasons. If you paint flowers, you often take peaches, apricots, hibiscus and lotus flowers as a scene. " "It's hard to ask for shapes and objects." (Shen Kuo quoted Zhang Yanyuan in Mengxi) Therefore, Wang Wei is also known as the originator of China literati's freehand brushwork.
Painting can be similar in spirit, so it has the charm and interest of poetry, that is, there is poetry in painting. Staring at the natural landscape with this painting concept is a sigh, and it must have the charm of painting in poetry.
Wang Wei's profound artistic attainments in painting, music and calligraphy enable him to feel and capture the wonderful scenery, magical sound and ever-changing nature more accurately and meticulously than ordinary poets in his poetry creation, and appeal to the pen. I will also use words to set colors and pay attention to the harmony of poetry tones.
There are artistic conception of painting, fluency of music and changes of calligraphy in poetry. In this way, his unique poetic artistic style of "painting in poetry" and "hundred warblers, repeated performances by palace merchants" was virtually formed.
We should firmly grasp this feature when appreciating his landscape poems. Wang Wei is good at describing grandeur in general.
4. Ancient Poems on Mountains and Waters and Climbing Up the Mountain Tang Du Fu's Wide Sky and High Wind. The apes and birds return to clear lake and the white leaves fall like waterfalls. I think the long river is rolling for 3,000 miles. This autumn is sad, a hundred years of sorrow, climbing this peak alone is bad for frost and temples, and it is sad and tired. In the autumn of 767, the poet climbed the mountain in Kuizhou and the Double Ninth Festival. Autumn scenery, who is bleak, arouses a sense of depravity in life experience. The first four sentences describe the scenery, and the last four sentences are lyrical. In fact, the scene is integrated. The first sentence, such as the soaring of the sky and the wailing of an ape in a deep valley, is soul-stirring, which makes the whole poem shrouded in a sad atmosphere. The second sentence is said gently, which makes people feel a kind of quiet desolation, empty melancholy and lonely sadness. This vast and cold world. Endless eternity, the ruthlessness of rustling trees and the endless stream of rolling the Yangtze River have written the eternity of cosmic time and the infinity of space, and also written the eternal wonder, shock and understanding of human beings in the face of natural laws. Leaves fall like the waves of a waterfall, which of course makes human beings feel small and helpless in front of nature, but when I watch the long river roll forward, it is often the case. Showed the never-ending enterprising spirit to mankind. Because of this, this poem full of sadness makes people taste a sense of sadness and see a courageous artistic conception. Thus, the following four sentences have the same aesthetic spirit: I came from three thousand miles away. Sad autumn is a sad enterprising spirit; With my hundred years of sorrow, I climbed this height alone, which is the indomitable struggle of the unfortunate for fate; Difficulties and hardships, poverty and sorrow, jade is rough and abrasive. The ups and downs of the poet's life journey are hard to see, but his indomitable progress is also touching. The gloomy life is heavy and sad, but it is also rich, profound and powerful. All four verses of this poem are correct, and so are the first two sentences. This kind of writing has always been concerned by critics. For example, corals on the seabed are indescribably thin and unfathomable, but they are completely clean and powerful. There were no predecessors in the past and no knowledge in the future. Du Fu's poems say something, not the ears of Tang poetry. However, this poem should be the first of the seven-character poems in ancient and modern times, and the seven-character poems in the Tang Dynasty are not necessarily the first. Du Shi Jing Quan: "Tall and muddy."
5. Poems describing mountains and rivers and fish in lakes are those mountains: 1, mountains are heavy and water is suspicious, and there is no way. (Lu You Shanxi Village Tour) 2. Then he disappeared around the corner, leaving only hoofprint. (Cen Can's Song of Snow White, Secretary of Farewell Field) 3. Looking beyond the mountain, it turned into a mountain peak. The distance is different. Water: 1, west of Jiating in the north of Gushan Temple, with flat water level and low cloud feet. Bai Juyi's Spring Tour in Qiantang) 2. How the water of the Yellow River flows out of heaven and into the ocean, which is gone forever. (Li Bai enters the wine) 3. Who says life is endless? The flowing water in front of the door can still move westward, so don't sing yellow chickens with white hair. (Su Shi) 4. The water depth of Taohuatan is as deep as that of thousands of feet, not as good as that of Wang Lun. (Li Bai) Fish: 1 Xisai Mountain before the white egrets fly freely, the river, plump mandarin fish swimming happily, floating in the water in the peach is so bright and full. -Zhang Song He Zhi's "Fishing Song 2" actually said that Tianjia is delicious, and the rice flowers are behind the carp fat. ———.
6. Landscape Poetry (Full) 1, Spring Day
Author Zhu, Song,
Beautiful spring outing in Surabaya, the endless scenery is new.
Everyone can see the face of spring, the spring breeze blows flowers open, thousands of purple, and the scene of spring is everywhere.
Vernacular translation:
The spring outing is sunny, and the endless scenery is completely new on the shore of Surabaya.
Anyone can see the face of spring. The spring breeze is full of flowers and colors, and the scenery of spring is everywhere.
2. Spring outing in Qiantang River
Author Bai Juyi, Tang Dynasty,
From the north side of Gushan Temple to the west side of Jiating, the lake is just level with the embankment, with low clouds and waves on the lake.
Several early orioles raced to the sunny tree, and their new swallows were carrying mud in their nests.
Colorful spring flowers will gradually fascinate people's eyes, and shallow spring grass can barely cover the horseshoe.
I love the beauty on the east bank of the West Lake, and I can't get enough of it, especially the white sand embankment under the green poplar.
Vernacular translation:
Bypassing the north of Gushan Temple, strolling in the west of Jiagong Pavilion, the white clouds hang low at the beginning of the lake.
Several warm trees that the oriole came out early competed for sunshine, and the new swallows were busy building nests and holding mud.
Wild flowers will be dazzling when they are competing to open, and spring grass has just crossed the horseshoe before it grows tall.
The beautiful scenery in the east of the favorite lake is unforgettable. Rows of willow trees pass through a white sand embankment.
3. Jiang Xue
Author Liu Zongyuan, Tang Dynasty
There are no birds flying over those mountains, and there are no traces of people in those paths.
A boat on the river, a fisherman wearing his webworm moth; Fishing alone is not afraid of snow and ice.
Vernacular translation:
There is no bird trace in Qianshan Wanling; There are no footprints of pedestrians on thousands of roads.
On a lonely boat, a fisherman wearing hemp fiber and hat; Fishing alone in the snow.
4. Visit Shanxi Village
Author Lu You, Song Dynasty
Don't laugh at the farmhouse music brewed in the muddled month. In the harvest month, the dishes for guests are very rich.
There is no way to go because of the winding water flow in the mountains, and a mountain village suddenly appears in the willow-green flower bay.
The day of playing flute and drums is approaching, and the villagers are still dressed simply.
In the future, if you can go out in the moonlight, I will knock on your door at any time with my cane.
Vernacular translation:
Don't laugh at the muddy wine brewed in the twelfth lunar month. In Fengshou Island, hospitality dishes are very rich.
The mountains overlap and the water twists and turns. I'm afraid there is no way out. Suddenly, a mountain village appeared in front of me.
The day of playing flute and drum in the Spring Festival Club is coming. The villagers are dressed simply and still retain the ancient customs.
In the future, if I can go out for a walk in the bright moonlight, I will definitely knock on your door at any time with a cane.
5. Look at Lushan Waterfall
Author Li Bai, Tang Dynasty,
The purple mist is illuminated by sunlight, and the waterfall hangs in front of the mountain.
On the high cliff, it seems to be thousands of feet high, which makes people think that the Milky Way has fallen from heaven to earth.
Vernacular translation:
The censer peak gives birth to a purple mist under the sunlight, and from a distance, a waterfall hangs in front of the mountain like white satin.
There seem to be several waterfalls in thousands of feet on the high cliff, which makes people think that the Milky Way has fallen from the sky to the ground.
7. Zhongshan landscape poems
1. Hundreds of mountains have no birds, and thousands of paths have no footprints. (Liu Zongyuan: "Jiang Xue")
2. The mountains cover the day, and the sea drains the golden river. (Wang Zhihuan: At Lusu)
3. Once you climb to the top of the mountain, you will see that all the other mountains look short under the sky ... (Du Fu: Looking at Yue)
Although a country is divided, the mountains and rivers remain forever, and the spring of trees and grass is back. (Du Fu: Hope in Spring)
There seems to be no one on the empty mountain, but I think I heard a voice. (Wang Wei: Chai Lu)
6. The bright moon rises from the mountains in the sky, in the infinite haze of the sea of clouds. (Li Bai: "Guan Shanyue")
7. Never tire of seeing it, only Jingting Mountain. (Li Bai: "Sitting alone in Jingting Mountain")
8. Peas are planted in Nanshan, and the grass is full of bean seedlings. (Tao Yuanming: Return to the Garden)
9. Castle Peak cannot be covered, after all, it flows eastward. (Xin Qiji: "Bodhisattva Xia? Book Jiangxi stoma wall "))
10. I don't know the true face of Lushan Mountain, but I am only on this mountain. (Su Shi: "Title Xilin Wall")
Water in poetry
1. The so-called Iraqis are on the water side. (The Book of Songs? Jia Jian ")
Where there is water, there are mountains and islands. (Cao Cao: < Looking at the Sea ")
3. White hair floating green water, red palm clear waves. (Luo: Singing Goose)
4. Tianmen cut off the Chu River and Higashi Shimizu River. (Li Bai: Wangtianmen Mountain))
5. There is no road in the mountains and rivers, and there is another village. (Lu You: "Tour Shanxi Village")
6. Peach Blossom Pond is deeper in thousands of feet than in Wang Lun. (Li Bai: "To Wang Lun")
7. The willows in Jiang Shuiping are green, and I can hear the songs on the Langjiang River. (Liu Yuxi: "Zhi Zhu Ci")
At sunrise, the flowers in the river are better than the fire. In spring, the river is as green as blue. (Bai Juyi: "Recalling Jiangnan")
9. Spring eyes are silent and cherish the trickle, and the shade of trees shines on the water and loves softness. (Yang Wanli: "Xiaochi")
10. There are three or two peach blossoms outside the bamboo, and there are duck prophets in the spring water heating. (Su Shi: "Hui Chong {Riverside Night Scene)")