Safety measures for flood control of hydropower stations (5 general chapters) (1) Practice purpose:
Probation is an important practical teaching link in the process of cultivating professional talents, and it is an organic part of the professional teaching method course. Therefore, the purpose of this internship activity is to let our students in these majors understand the society, enhance their perceptual knowledge of the subject knowledge of this major, obtain the preliminary practical knowledge of this major, prepare for the teaching of subsequent courses, and make up for the shortage of classroom teaching; Cultivate students' ability; Consolidate and apply the theoretical knowledge learned, enrich and develop the theory of education and teaching and the theory of school moral education, and cultivate students' ability to analyze, study and solve practical problems. Understand enterprises and society more comprehensively, and establish a work style and down-to-earth attitude of integrating theory with practice and seeking truth from facts; Check the practical application scope and adaptability of theoretical knowledge in enterprises; Consolidate and expand the professional knowledge learned, strengthen the combination of theory and practice, cultivate students' practical operation ability, and make students adapt to their jobs quickly and work smoothly.
1. Internship time: 20xx 65438+February 9th.
Second, the instructor:
XXX、XXX
Third, the internship content and process:
(1) Understand the composition and management scheme of hydropower stations.
(2) Understand the implementation process of hydropower station work and the solutions to hydropower station problems.
When we arrived at the power station on the morning of the 9th, we were warmly received by the leaders and staff of the power station. Then the leader told us about some hydraulic wheels, precautions and related regulations when entering the factory building, and safety issues. We listened carefully, bearing in mind that because our major is electrical automation, we are practicing in a power plant this time. Anything touched in the power plant is likely to cause safety problems. If we don't listen to the command, the "electric tiger" will devour our young lives at any time.
In order not to affect the normal training process and safety considerations, a group of more than 40 soldiers divided into two ways and trained the power station successively. Under the leadership of Mr. Huang, we started an exciting journey to reveal the secrets of hydropower stations.
Let's get to the lobby before the technician. There are three generator sets in the hall. Looking at these tall generator sets, I am very moved. I think how great human beings are, and they can transform the power of nature into the power used by all classes of human beings. Humans are really amazing!
I followed the technicians to the manual control room, where there were many large cabinets. Such as demagnetization switch cabinet, excitation regulating cabinet, safety cabinet and voltage regulating cabinet. I am dazzled. I can't help thinking of so many switches. I don't know how the technicians remember it! I admire them so much. After that, we went to the high-pressure chamber, which, as the name implies, is high-pressure output regulation. Every place here is very dangerous, which makes me afraid to touch it.
Then we went to the second floor of the hall, which is the working building of the generator set, also called the turbine room. There is water flowing out from under the turbine. When the turbine is driven to rotate, the conductor in the generator cuts the magnetic induction line to generate current. In this turbine room, I also saw many rotary switches to control the operation of the turbine. Next, we visited the high-pressure compressor room and the pipeline room for conveying water. These pipes are all hydraulically controlled.
Technicians also showed us around other substation equipment such as voltage and current transformers, which made us know more. We visited the top, and with the help of technicians, we reached the bottom. Rumble is the main theme, and the huge hydraulic turbine is the main perspective. Connecting the turbine is a pressure pipeline, which refers to the pipeline that transports water from the reservoir, forebay or surge chamber to the turbine. Its general characteristics are steep slope, high internal water pressure and bearing the hydrodynamic pressure of water hammer.
1. superstructure: the superstructure of the main workshop includes the floor and its beam-column system, crane beam and frame, roof and retaining wall. Its main function is to bear the weight of equipment, live load and snow load, and transfer them to the edge structure.
2. Substructure: The substructure of the workshop includes spiral case, draft tube and pier wall. For the riverbed powerhouse, the substructure also includes the water inlet structure. Its main function is to bear the water load, form the foundation of the factory building, undertake the superstructure and power generation supporting structure, and transfer the load distribution to the foundation and seepage control.
3. Generator supporting structure: The function of generator supporting structure is to bear the weight and dynamic load of unit equipment and transfer it to the substructure.
Reservoir, power station and power grid form a complete system. The water in Lvshuihe Reservoir is drawn from the waterway. The water drives the turbine to rotate, and the turbine drives the generator to generate electricity, which is transmitted to the power grid through voltage transformation. Due to our lack of electrical knowledge, we first came into contact with several terms, such as water head, thrust pad and guide bearing. Professional knowledge is not enough, and electrical knowledge needs to be strengthened. To broaden the direction of automation, we must master everything from weak current to strong current. Those are very useful knowledge.
Finally we came to the central control room, which is the brain of the power plant. The whole power plant can be controlled here, and the precipitation in the basin can be monitored here. You can monitor the whole factory. If there is an emergency in the power plant. It was here that the instructions to deal with it were issued. After visiting the central control room, our internship is over.
Fourth, the internship summary and experience:
The day's production practice is over, and what I have seen and heard here is hard to say in just a few words. I really like the atmosphere of actual production. Life in the future should be like that, with a sense of accomplishment in work and happiness in life. It is a quiet land, and we have become accustomed to life here in a short time, but we only have the opportunity of probation, but we have no chance of getting started. It's a pity, and that's why I try to ask as many questions as possible. First, let yourself get rid of the confusion in your heart. Second, let yourself feel at ease. I must go back with knowledge and insight.
One day is really short, but there is still some understanding on the whole. As far as automation is concerned, looking at the infrastructure of the power plant, I feel that the degree of automation is somewhat low, but I am actually a little lost. But at the same time, I feel a little smug, and we have great use. The control room of hydropower plant is in the same workshop as the unit, but it is just another room. The control room is controlled by computer, mainly by relay, which is enough to show its automation degree. Power plants are still mainly monitored and operated by people. But I think it is imperative, otherwise it will be difficult to keep up with the modernization of the motherland.
From a professional point of view, I mainly talk about the control part. The so-called automatic control means that no human intervention is needed at all. The main goal of unit control in power plant is to obtain stable voltage and frequency. The controlled carrier should be water flow. When the water flow is constant, the rotating speed of the turbine is constant, which drives the rotor of the generator set to rotate. When the rotating speed is constant, the generated voltage and frequency are also determined. To realize automatic control, it is necessary to realize closed loop. I don't understand their control idea, but it should be open-loop control. The staff set the switch value of the regulator according to the monitoring results, and the water flow has been controlled. Because the workshop was too noisy at that time, I asked the explanation teacher, but I didn't just listen clearly, and I didn't understand. Later, I visited the control room, and the staff went to the scene to operate the regulator according to the data on the monitoring screen, and the display was not really automatic control.
Since then, my internship has given me an understanding of power plants, an attitude towards future work and confidence in the future of our major. I think this is a harvest and a successful production practice.
Safety measures for flood control of hydropower stations (General Provisions 5) (2) In 20xx, under the guidance of the company's leaders and functional departments, the safety production work of hydropower stations conscientiously implemented various laws and regulations on safety production work and the company's safety management system, adhered to the safety production work policy of "safety first, prevention first and comprehensive management" and the people-oriented management method, and strengthened safety production management activities and staff safety business skills training, so that the safety production work could be carried out smoothly. The work of the past year is summarized as follows:
First, strengthen leadership and improve the management network and management institutions.
According to the spirit and requirements of the company's Bamboo Safety Committee [20xx] 1 and 5, firstly, the factory director is set as the team leader to be fully responsible for the safety production of the whole factory; Party branch secretary and deputy factory director are deputy heads in charge of safety work; Full-time safety officers are specifically responsible for the daily safety production work of the safety leading group, layout, supervision and inspection of the implementation of the safety work of each station and team, and organization of investigation and analysis of the cause of the accident. The second is to make it clear that each station and team leader is the first person responsible for the safety of this station, and the team leader is the person in charge of the safety team. The responsibilities of safety responsible persons at all levels were further clarified, the safety management organization was adjusted and standardized, and the safety management network diagram was re-established due to personnel changes. Factories, stations and teams have established 13 safety management organization and 13 safety production network. In the safety network of the whole plant, there are 13 persons in charge of safety at all levels, 62 full-time (part-time) safety officers, and a flood rescue team 12 persons is formed, forming a good pattern of grasping safety work at all levels and managing it everywhere. The third is to adhere to the management mode of "three-level management and four-level assessment". This year, the factory and the station (team), the station (team) and the team or individual signed the responsibility letter of safety production target management * * * 25 1, and collected the safety mortgage at all levels 1. 530,000 yuan, forming a good atmosphere of "everyone has a heavy burden and everyone has indicators on their shoulders". Fourth, the safety leading group will continue to hold a safety meeting once a month to summarize and analyze the situation of safety production last month, and at the same time arrange the key points of safety work next month to ensure that safety work is planned, arranged, implemented, inspected, summarized and evaluated, so as to truly implement safety work.
Second, adhere to safety rules and regulations and standardize orderly management.
The hydropower plant earnestly implements various safety management systems, and continues to implement the system of receiving equipment failure (accident) reports, the system of emergency repair and rescue of hydropower plants, the responsibilities of hydropower plant maintenance personnel, the relevant provisions of the hydropower plant on strictly implementing the "two votes and three systems", the responsibility system for equipment accidents and the compensation system. Preventive provisions for daily inspection and maintenance of hydropower station equipment and facilities, and working ticket for daily maintenance of hydropower station equipment and facilities. According to the new problems and new situations encountered in the implementation of these systems and safety assessment in 20xx, combined with the actual hydropower production, the safety management assessment methods such as "Safety Training Plan for Employees in 20xx" and "Safety Assessment Measures for Hydropower Plants in 20xx" have been re-formulated, revised and improved. A training and counseling group for hydropower plant employees was set up to conduct practical training for employees, so as to make them more familiar with the technological process and operating rules of hydropower production, as well as the rules and regulations such as "three rules and ten systems" and "two votes and three systems". The implementation of the notification system for matters related to the safe use of vehicles has been strengthened, and 75 safety responsibility letters for the safe use of vehicles have been signed between all stations and motorcycle employees. Adhere to the safety meeting system, safety inspection system, equipment hidden trouble investigation, elimination, rectification system, accident analysis and handling system, flood control and emergency rescue system, and employee safety progressive scoring system, and the safety assessment shall be carried out at stations (teams), teams and individuals. The factory safety team regularly and irregularly conducts safety inspections at each station to correct the problems found in time. Adhere to the "security mortgage system", according to the size of security responsibilities at all levels, security responsibilities are divided according to 200 yuan, 150 yuan, 100 yuan and 50 yuan. Collect mortgage loans. The hydropower plant collects 8,550 yuan of safety mortgage for the factory department, station (team), team leader and part-time safety officer, which will be kept by the safety leading group of hydropower plant, and 8,700 yuan of personal safety mortgage for employees will be collected by each power station, which will be returned at the end of the year according to the safety assessment score. According to the actual situation, factories, stations (teams) have also improved a series of safety management rules and regulations, such as emergency repair of people and equipment and emergency rescue plans for various natural disasters, so that hydropower safety production has rules to follow and safety management is standardized and institutionalized.
Third, the existing problems
1, some employees have weak safety awareness. Although the accident rate has decreased this year, the safety awareness of a few employees is still poor, and the implementation of rules and regulations is not in place.
2. In management, a few power stations still have false records, some managers' systems are not implemented in place, safety work is not implemented in place, and supervision and punishment are not effective, which leads to the poor position of some employees in their posts.
3. Some power stations still have some problems, such as insufficient training for employees and insufficient publicity and education of laws and regulations, which leads to frequent violations of regulations by employees.
4. Because the power stations (points) are highly dispersed, there are many problems and safety management is difficult. Some power stations still have many hidden dangers of aging equipment and hydraulic facilities. There are also some villages near the power station that have power access to the computer room, which seriously endangers the safe operation of power station equipment.
Safety measures for flood control of hydropower stations (General Introduction 5) (3) I. Guiding ideology
Conscientiously implement the policy of "safety first, prevention first" in power production, consolidate the achievements of enterprises without violation of regulations, continue to do a good job in safety evaluation, shift the focus of safety evaluation to county-level power supply enterprises, fully implement the "two measures" plan, especially the 25 countermeasures, continue to do a good job in safety training, fully complete all safety indicators issued by provincial companies, and create advanced units without violation of regulations to ensure that no personal injuries and major power grid accidents with major equipment occur.
Second, the security objectives
1。 There will be no personal death or serious injury, no major power grid accident, no major equipment damage accident, no major fire accident and no major traffic accident, which will be guaranteed for 300 days, and the safety period will be x days.
2。 The failure rate of substation equipment shall not exceed 4 times/year.
3。 The failure rate of transmission line equipment shall not exceed 4 times/year.
4。 Create an advanced unit of safety production in provincial bureau.
Third, specific practices and measures
In 20xx, the security work of our bureau will be carried out in an all-round way around "one guarantee", "three major measures", "four adherences" and "six enhancements"
Ensure the realization of the 20xx safety goal.
20xx safety objectives were discussed and approved by the Municipal Bureau of Safety Committee. The goal is to conform to the reality of our safety work. To achieve the above goals, we need the broad masses of cadres and workers to make concerted efforts with Qi Xin in the overall situation. We should start with personnel, systems and equipment, especially solving people's problems. All units should follow the principle of three-level control, from grass-roots teams to stations and power supply bureaus, they should set safety goals that are in line with their actual conditions, call on all staff to participate, and work hard according to the established goals.
20xx is the year of deepening the reform of power system. Completing the third phase of rural power network transformation project as scheduled is facing a series of problems such as complexity, tight time and heavy tasks, and the safety work is facing unprecedented challenges. However, we firmly believe that under the correct guidance of the superior leaders, the strong support of the bureau leaders, the joint efforts of the overall cadres and workers, and the protection of various rules and regulations, the security goal of 20xx will certainly be achieved.
Over the past xxx years, under the correct leadership and overall deployment of xx Group Company, xx Hydropower Plant has adhered to the general safety policy of "safety first, prevention first and comprehensive management" and the safety concept of "any risk can be controlled, any violation can be prevented and any accident can be avoided" of xx Group Company, and the whole plant is United in tackling difficulties.
I. Completion of safety objectives.
In xxx years, there was no serious personal injury or above production safety accident, no general or above equipment accident, no power safety accident, no sudden environmental incident, no traffic accident, no reservoir dam overflow or factory building flooding accident in xx Hydropower Plant. The security situation is generally stable.
Two, establish and improve the "two systems", strengthen the implementation of the responsibility system for safety.
After the integration of management and control, under the unified deployment of xx Group, xx Hydropower Plant timely adjusted the institutions at all levels in the plant, established the safety supervision department, timely adjusted the three-level safety management network of our plant according to the actual situation such as personnel changes, and enriched the grass-roots safety production management personnel. By grasping the "three-level control", we will implement the responsibility for production safety at all levels and give full play to the role of the safety guarantee system and safety supervision system. Focusing on the annual safety target issued by xx Group, with due diligence supervision, standardization of safety production and technical supervision as the starting point, the daily management of safety production is combined with special safety activities such as flood control, summer vacation and standardization of safety production, which has steadily promoted the safety production level of the whole plant to a higher level.
Flood control safety measures for hydropower stations (5 general provisions) (5 articles) For a long time, power system accidents have caused huge personal and equipment losses and caused huge economic losses. Therefore, operators should always put safety first. While ensuring the normal operation of the unit, timely organize everyone to learn safety-related knowledge such as safety work regulations of the power industry, safety documents issued by the group company, safety briefings, etc., enhance safety awareness, ensure the safe and civilized production of this station, carefully patrol the equipment during work, report and handle problems in time, ensure the safe and stable operation of the equipment, and strive to achieve various goals in 20xx.
Adhere to the basic policy of "safety first, prevention first and comprehensive treatment" in the work, further implement the responsibilities, do a good job of inspection, and actively explore the establishment of a long-term mechanism for safe production. Complete all safety production indicators issued by our station, resolutely curb the occurrence of serious accidents, control the development of minor accidents, maintain the stable development of the safety production situation, and push the work of each team to a new level.
First, the front line of power plants should strive to ensure stable and efficient operation.
Power plant production is the top priority of our station and the source of economic lifeline of power plants. The cadres and workers in the factory are down-to-earth and have achieved good results, as shown in the following figure:
1. Strengthen responsibilities at all levels to ensure safety in production.
Power plants have always put safety in production in the first place. At the beginning of the year, after signing the safety responsibility book with the station, immediately sign the safety responsibility book for target management with each value, and the responsibility will be implemented to the duty value and individual. In April, the safety regulations and technology were taught to the employees of the power plant. On-site training and explanation were conducted in the power plant in May, and safety regulations and technical examinations were conducted for employees in related positions. For those who pass the exam,
Strengthen the investigation of downstream flood passage and upstream reservoir area.
The Gutianxi river basin covers an area of 1.325 square kilometers, and illegal reclamation often occurs in the basin with a reservoir edge area of tens of square kilometers. In order to strengthen the management of the reservoir and safeguard the interests of our factory, our factory insists on inspecting the river basin once every quarter. In March this year, together with Gutian County Flood Control Office, we conducted a comprehensive inspection of the first-class reservoir basin, and found and stopped two acts of reservoir reclamation. Before and during each rainfall and typhoon in flood season, the factory leaders organize relevant personnel to analyze meteorological trends and implement flood control work. During floods and rains, power stations at all levels will send more personnel to the site.