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Qin Shi Huang
Qin Shihuang introduced
Qin Shihuang (259 BC-2 BC10), namely Ying Zheng. The greatest politician, strategist, reformer and strategist in the history of China. China was reunified for the first time. The first emperor of Qin, the son of Wang Xiang of Qin Zhuang, ascended the throne at the age of 13. At the age of 39, he was called the emperor and reigned for 37 years. Qin Shihuang founded the emperor system, implemented the system of three officials and nine officials in the central government, abolished the system of enfeoffment in local areas, implemented the system of counties and counties, unified the writing, currency and weights and measures, attacked the Xiongnu in the north and served Baiyue in the south, and built the Great Wall of Wan Li, which laid the basic pattern of China's territory today, pushed China into the era of reunification, and created a new situation of establishing autocratic centralization of authority, which had a far-reaching impact on China and world history and laid the basic pattern of China's political system for more than 2,000 years.
The rule of Qin Shihuang
Qin was a vassal state during the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. Qin people are a branch of the Chinese nation. It is said that they were sealed in the state of Qin because their ancestors were good at raising horses. 770 years ago, he was made a vassal because of his great contributions to escort and Wang Li, before the founding of the People's Republic of China. Since 677, Qin has established its capital in Yong for nearly 300 years. Yongcheng has a palace area, a residential area, a burial area for scholars and China people, and a cemetery for Qin Gong.
Qin state
The original territory of the State of Qin was in today's Shaanxi Province, which belonged to the fringe of China at that time. Before the early Warring States period, Qin was a weak country. Perhaps it is because it is remote and has not been valued by other countries. It was a relatively humble country in the Spring and Autumn Period. In terms of science and technology, culture and so on, Qin was also relatively backward in the early Warring States period. This situation was not changed until the Shang Yang Reform 36 1 year ago. From then on, Qin began to become strong. In the first 325 years, Qin Huiwen was king. Before 3 16, Qin destroyed Shu, and since then Qin has officially become a big country. 237 years ago, Ying Zheng ascended the throne and began his conquest of the Six Kingdoms. From the destruction of Korea by Qin State 230 years ago to the unification of China by Qin State 22 1 years ago.
Since 22 1 year ago, the history of China officially entered the feudal society, and Qin became the first centralized country with multi-ethnic unity in the history of China-the Qin Dynasty. The social economy of Qin is still dominated by agriculture. In the late Spring and Autumn Period, cast iron farm tools appeared. Qin Xianggong briefly introduced that during the Warring States Period, water conservancy projects such as Zheng Guoqu and Dujiangyan were built, which further promoted the development of agricultural production. The handicraft industry is most developed in copper smelting and pottery making. Invented a new process of chromium salt oxidation treatment of weapons; Building materials are quite distinctive, and tiles are exquisite works of art.
Qin Shihuang's cruelty
After the unification of the six countries, Qin Shihuang indulged in pleasure, drank good wine and lusted after sex, and there were more than 10 thousand women in the harem. Mr. Jane Bozan, a famous historian, once gave the following vivid description of Qin Shihuang's court life: Now, in front of the owner of Epang Palace, there are many beautiful women of different nationalities holding' Pearl Pearl' and hanging' Fu Gui'. The band began to play and the beautiful women began to sing in unison. It's not the voice of the former Qin State, but "Zheng, Wei Sang, Zhao, who are alike, are happy in a foreign country". The supreme ruler is so extravagant and addicted to pleasure, and his subordinates are naturally effective. Those nouveau riche of the landlord class, they also hunt in the palace, horses and chariots, clothes and gardens, and do whatever they want. The rapid collapse of the Qin dynasty cannot be said to have nothing to do with the ruling clique's indulgence in singing, dancing and enjoying themselves.
In order to show great respect for Huang San and the merits and demerits of the five emperors, Qin Shihuang began to tour all over the country after completing the great cause of reunification. From 22 1 year BC to 2 10/year BC, he made five national cruises. The first tour was from Xianyang West to Gansu Northwest. It is intended to publicize the national prestige to the western border counties and declare the birth of the Qin Dynasty to the East. The second trip is to Hanguguan, passing through Luoyang and Xingyang in Henan and Zousong in Shandong. First, a monument was erected in Zou Yishan to pay homage to Qin De, then Mount Tai, and then to Fu Liangshan (west of Xintai County, Shandong Province). It's called a meditation ceremony. Later, I went to the Langya Peninsula in Shandong. He carved stones in Yi Zhe and Langya successively to praise Qin De. After you come back, you will go to Peng Yue (Xuzhou, Jiangsu) from Donghai County, and continue to cross Huaishui South to Hengshan and Nanjun in the middle reaches of the Yangtze River. There was a strong wind from Nanjun to Xiangshan Temple, which affected Qin Shihuang and his party to cross the river.
Qin Shihuang was furious. It is said that there is a god in Xiangshan, who is Yao's daughter and Shun's wife, so all three thousand criminals cut down trees in Xiangshan and staged a stupid drama to fight with God. Then take the Hanshui River and return to Xianyang via Nanyang County to Wuguan. The third trip was to the east, because the old nobles of the six countries were hostile to the newly established Qin Dynasty. Therefore, when Qin Shihuang visited Bolangsha, Wu Yang (north of zhongmou county, Henan), he was attacked by the Lux 120 Jin iron vertebra bought by the Korean son Sean, and almost died. Qin Shihuang was not surprised by the thieves, but continued to follow the route he took on the second cruise to Langya and Langya, then turned to the northwest and returned to Xianyang along Zhangshui via Shangdang County. The fourth time was along the borders of the former Wei, Han, Zhao and Qi countries and the Yellow River to Jieshi (near Qinhuangdao, Hebei). As usual, I carved stone in Jieshi to record my merits, then went west, visited the northern border of Qin Dynasty through Youbeiping, Yuyang, Shanggu, Dai, Yanmen, Yunzhong and other counties, and finally returned to Xianyang. The purpose of this trip is to prepare for the crusade against Xiongnu.
Qin Ershi
Hu Hai, namely Qin Ershi (230 BC-207 BC), won the surname of Hu Hai, and was also called Emperor II from 2 10 BC to 207 BC. He is the 18th son of Qin Shihuang, and the younger brother of Fu Su, the son of Qin Shihuang. He studied prison law from Zhao Gao in CRRC mansion. Qin Shihuang swam to the platform of the dying dune palace in the south, but he didn't send out a mourning cry. With the help of Zhao Gao and Li Si, he killed more than 20 brothers and sisters and forced Fu Su to become the second emperor of the Qin Dynasty.
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