Study on Reliability Theory of 1
Many factors will have a negative impact on the safety and stability of construction projects, and the destruction of projects may be closely related to many factors. There are many reasons for structural damage. The theoretical study of structural reliability is actually aimed at accidental factors that may cause damage to buildings in the limit state. At the same time, this factor should be regarded as a random variable in the study, and the dependent variable is set as the probability of possible failure, that is, the degree of safety. In this way, we can better understand the relationship between different factors and building damage. At present, the reliability theory has been widely recognized and applied in the field of architecture, and it can also explain the actual situation of structural design more objectively and concretely.
2 indicators affecting the reliability of building structure design
At present, there are many factors affecting the reliability of structural design, which are mainly divided into two categories: ① internal factors; ② External factors. At present, the reliability of building structure design is mainly affected by the nonspecific seismic analysis of building structure, so the seismic capacity of the structure can not reach its due level, the deficiency of building structure itself, the lack of working ability of building structure designers and the unscientific design concept are all closely related.
2. 1 The seismic analysis of the structure is not specific, and the seismic capacity of the structure is insufficient.
In the design of building structures, earthquake resistance has always been a factor that designers should pay close attention to. The stability of building structure is closely related to its seismic capacity. The seismic performance of some building structures can not fully meet the requirements of relevant standards. The main reason for this problem is that the designers did not make a scientific and detailed analysis of the seismic performance of the structure in the structural design work, thus greatly reducing the reliability of the building structure. In addition, due to the different conditions in different regions, the seismic standards formulated are also obviously different. Some designers did not complete the design work strictly according to the local standards, so the overall design scheme could not meet the local seismic standards.
2.2 the lack of quality of the building structure itself
The quality of building engineering materials has a very significant impact on the construction level of the project. The stability of building structure will also be greatly affected by the quality of building materials. However, in building construction, in order to obtain higher economic benefits, some construction units use building materials that fail to meet the construction standards, which has a great impact on the quality and stability of the structure itself and shortens the service life of the building. In the process of purchasing building materials, in order to save costs, purchasers purchase poor quality materials, which seriously affects the construction quality of the project.
2.3 The professional ability of architects needs to be improved.
In the structural design of buildings, some designers' professional skills and literacy can't meet the design requirements, and the structural designers' own experience is not enough, and they need to constantly learn their own professional knowledge. Can't show good professionalism in design. The stress of the structure is not reasonable, and the design is far from the actual demand. In addition, designers can't accurately understand the importance of structural design and have no high safety awareness, so the reliability of the designed building structure can't meet the actual needs of the project. Designers can't keep up with the development and changes of the times in time, and enterprises can't provide comprehensive training, which also affects the improvement of structural design.
2.4 unscientific design concept
In the design of building structure, some designers can't design the structure well according to the actual situation of the building, so they can't complete the construction completely according to the requirements of the drawings in the construction process, which has a very significant impact on the reliability of the building structure. Designers don't do rigorous and detailed investigations in their daily work, so they can't fully integrate with reality. They just use the design theory stiffly in the design, and the designed structural form can not meet the requirements of building reliability. 2.5 Supervision is not in place at this stage. In the structural design work of some construction enterprises, the review work during and after the design is not in place, and there are obvious deficiencies in the construction of supervision and inspection system, and there are obvious gaps in supervision. Especially after the design is completed, the rules and regulations in enterprise review are not perfect, and the management system is not specific enough to accurately find the problems and deficiencies in the design, thus affecting the reliability of the structural design of buildings.
3. Analysis of structural modeling steps of building structural design.
3. 1 How to determine the objective function
The objective function is the first thing that structural designers need to determine in the stage of structural design specification, which will largely determine the scientificity and safety of architectural structural design planning. In addition, if the objective function can be accurately determined, the area parameters and safety standards of the building can also be determined, which are very important for the design of the building structure. Building materials can be determined by area parameters and safety standard parameters, and then the engineering cost of building optimization design can be determined according to building materials. After the project cost is completed, a series of work can be carried out to ensure the economic and social benefits of the construction project to the maximum extent.
3.2 How to select variables
After determining the objective function, we need to start selecting variables. The selection of variables is very important, because it is directly related to the smooth completion of building construction. The so-called variables refer to uncontrollable factors that are likely to occur in the process of structural design, and these uncontrollable factors directly affect whether the architectural design can be completed safely. Therefore, we say that before structural design, we should consider variables scientifically and work out a perfect scheme to avoid uncontrollable problems.
3.3 How to select constraints
Choosing constraints can optimize and innovate the reliability of building structures to the greatest extent. Choosing a good constraint condition means that the structural design has a direction and goal, and choosing a constraint condition can optimize the architectural design.
4 Effective ways to ensure the reliability of building structure design
4. 1 Raise awareness of the importance of seismic design of buildings.
The seismic performance of building structure has a very important influence on the safety and stability of building structure, and it is also an important index to evaluate the reliability of building structure. Therefore, the architectural design unit must enhance the designer's knowledge and understanding of the seismic index of structural design, and at the same time take effective measures to continuously improve the designer's own seismic awareness and safety awareness, so as to better ensure that the designer can fully consider the reliability requirements in the architectural structure design. Designers should actively sum up experiences and lessons in their daily work, so as to better improve the quality and level of architectural structure design.
4.2 Fully grasp the quality of building materials themselves
The quality of building materials plays a very important role in building engineering. So designers should fully understand the quality of building materials on the market. Before structural design, the designer should conduct a comprehensive market survey and fully understand the building materials to ensure that the final design can fully meet the actual requirements of design drawings and design schemes. Avoid the influence of the quality of building materials on the reliability of building structure design.
5 conclusion
Building structure plays a very important role in architecture, which is directly related to the safety of people's lives and property. So the importance of structural design is self-evident. If there are serious problems and deficiencies in structural design, it will have a very adverse impact on the quality and performance of buildings.
Architectural designers must scientifically analyze the stress state of the structure and carefully analyze the building materials and environment in their work, so as to ensure the reliability, overall quality and effect of the architectural structure design, and further promote the steady development of the architectural structure design.
I believe that after the above introduction, everyone has a certain understanding of the reliability problems in the design of building structures. Welcome to Zhong Da for more information.
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