Basic knowledge of chemical safety Section 1 Chemical safety production tasks 1. The task of chemical safety production is to eliminate unsafe factors in the production process and create
Good safe and comfortable working environment and working order. It is to turn danger into safety, harmful into harmless, heavy labor into light labor, prevent accidents and occupational diseases, and ensure the safety and health of employees. In short, fight against casualties and occupational diseases.
2. The basic task of safety production management is to discover, analyze and study various unsafe factors in the production process under the guidance of the national safety production policy; Take effective measures in technology, organization and management to solve and eliminate all kinds of unsafe factors; Prevent all kinds of accidents and occupational diseases, and ensure the personal safety and health of employees and the safety of enterprise property; So as to promote the smooth development of enterprise production and serve to improve the economic and social benefits of enterprises.
Third, in order to achieve this task, we must do the following work:
(1), conscientiously implement the national laws and regulations on production safety, and implement? Safety first, prevention first? Safety production policy,
(2), according to national laws and regulations, formulate rules and regulations in line with the enterprise safety in production, and earnestly implement the responsibility of establishing safety in production, according to? Everyone is responsible for production safety? Won't the principle of safety responsibility to people happen? Three violations? Do it. Three doesn't hurt? ;
(3), take various safety technical measures, comprehensive management, make the production equipment and facilities meet the intrinsic safety requirements; (Make employees have a safe and reliable working environment and conditions to prevent or reduce the occurrence of personal injury and death accidents)
(4) Take all kinds of labor health protection measures, do a good job in civilized production, improve working conditions and environment, regularly detect, prevent and eliminate occupational diseases and occupational hazards, and do a good job in special protection for female workers and underage workers to ensure their physical and mental health.
⑤ Strengthen all kinds of training, study laws and regulations, learn safety and business knowledge, consciously implement various safety and health laws and regulations, observe the rules and discipline, strive to improve the safety quality of employees and enhance the safety culture of enterprises;
⑥ Strengthen the safety management of all kinds of accidents, in strict accordance with? Four don't let go? Principle handling;
All landowners, adhere to the implementation of safe production target management, popularization and application of modern safety management technology and methods (computer application, monitoring, etc. ), deepen safety management;
Basic knowledge of chemical safety Section 2 History of safety and safety management Productive labor is the social foundation on which human society depends for development. Safety problems arise with the production and develop with the development of production and technology. Safety management is a professional management gradually formed after the production develops to a certain level.
In the process of evolution, in order to survive, human beings gradually use some very simple tools, and the security problem is not prominent. With the development of production and the continuous expansion of production scale, production tools are gradually replaced by machinery, and accidents continue to occur, resulting in more and more losses and casualties. Especially in the middle of18th century, after the industrial revolution triggered by the British invention of the steam engine, manual production was gradually replaced by large-scale machines. Safety production accidents and casualties have also increased.
With the rapid development of science and technology, the speed of industrial development is accelerated, and serious industrial accidents continue to occur, which has become one of the most serious problems in the world. Especially after the peaceful use of petrochemical industry and nuclear energy, serious production safety accidents have brought greater harm to enterprises and even society.
Basic knowledge of chemical safety Section III Nature of safety management I Nature of safety management
1. Long-term safety problems arise from production activities and exist from beginning to end.
2. Scientific and safe production has its own regularity and will not be transferred by people's subjective will. In production practice, we must never take risks and experience foolishly, but be 100% sure and ensure 100% safety.
3. Systematic safety management has its own characteristics, and permeates all kinds of management, which fully embodies the three characteristics of safety management: comprehensiveness, comprehensiveness and whole process. All departments (comprehensive) and all employees (all staff) of the whole enterprise are required to work together, which involves the whole process of production activities.
Basic knowledge of chemical safety Section IV Importance of chemical safety production Chemical safety production is the only guarantee for enterprises to improve economic benefits and promote stable and rapid development of production. Chemical safety production has the following five aspects of importance:
First, there are many potential unsafe factors in chemical production, and a little carelessness will lead to various accidents.
Unsafe factors in chemical production generally include the following aspects:
(1), in the process of chemical production, to use a large number of flammable, explosive, corrosive, toxic, harmful and other dangerous chemical raw materials.
② There are many high-temperature and high-pressure equipment and electrical equipment used in chemical production.
③ In chemical production, the production process is very complicated, the conditions are very harsh, and the requirements in the operation process are very strict.
(4) In chemical production, there are many three wastes and serious environmental pollution.
Conditions that affect human survival.
Two, safety in production is the basic guarantee for the development of enterprise production, is an important condition to improve economic efficiency.
Without a reliable basis for safe production, it is impossible for enterprises to develop and improve their economic benefits. Production must be safe, and safety can promote production. When we talk about efficiency, we must talk about safety. This is an objective law that must be followed.
Thirdly, the realization of safe production fully embodies the concept of people-oriented and safety first, which is the need to ensure the happiness of employees and their families.
Productive labor is the necessary condition and foundation for the survival and development of human society. Protecting workers' own safety and health in the production process is one of the most basic needs of human beings, and it is also the most basic legitimate rights and interests of human beings. People-oriented and safety first? 、? Shut up your life and follow the rules? 、? Cherish life, treat life well and cherish health? .
A sense of security is an instinctive need of human beings, American humanistic psychologist Abraham.
Maslow founded it? Need hierarchy theory? Reveals human needs and desires. He attributed all human behaviors to the pursuit and satisfaction of various needs. This level of needs is divided into seven levels, namely, physiological needs, security needs, friendship and belonging needs, respect needs, knowledge needs, beautiful needs and self-realization needs. When people's basic physiological needs are relatively satisfied, then there is a need for security (security includes security, stability, order and other connotations). Safety in production is the concrete embodiment of workers' safety requirements in the production process.
Realizing safe production is the safety need of workers: every worker hopes to carry out productive labor smoothly under safe, hygienic and comfortable conditions.
Realizing safe production is also the need of employees' family happiness: safe production concerns every employee and every family, and everyone is responsible for safe production, and safe production concerns every family. No three violations? And then what? Three doesn't hurt? , pay attention to yourself, pay attention to the life safety of others, and realize safe production and civilized production.
Four, production safety is an important factor of social stability, is the need of stability and unity.
Numerous facts show that the serious consequences of the accident not only affect economic development, but also have adverse consequences on society, resulting in social instability and disunity, affecting the implementation and implementation of national policies (family planning, recruitment difficulties, retention difficulties, etc.). If it is not handled properly, it will intensify contradictions and affect social stability and unity.
Five, safety in production is the consistent policy of our party and country.
China is a socialist country, and the party and the state attach great importance to safe production and protect the safety and health of workers. Protecting the safety and health of workers in productive labor is a very important aspect related to the vital interests of workers. See security as a political issue. Speeding up the work of safety legislation can show that our party and country attach importance to the work of safety in production, care and care for the broad masses of workers, and also show the importance of doing a good job in the work of safety in production in enterprises.
Basic knowledge of chemical safety Section 5 Safety production management system? Corporate responsibility, industry management, state supervision, mass supervision, and workers obey the rules and discipline? Is it a safe production? Five combinations? security management system
Enterprises are responsible-that is, enterprises must take full responsibility for their safety production in their production and business activities, and their legal representatives are the first responsible persons for safety production.
Industry management-that is, give full play to the role of industry associations, strengthen targeted safety management according to the situation and characteristics of the industry, and supervise the implementation of national laws and regulations on safety production and safety production by enterprises in the industry.
National supervision-that is, safety management departments at all levels supervise and inspect enterprises, point out the problems existing in safety work, urge rectification, investigate and deal with violations of laws and regulations, ensure the implementation of national safety laws and regulations, and realize safe production;
Mass supervision-that is, we should give full play to the role of trade unions, workers' congresses and social media (newspapers, television, etc.). ), the National People's Congress, CPPCC and other organizations supervise the labor safety work of enterprises;