Etiquette is an important lubricant for interpersonal communication in modern society, which embodies a person's cultivation and connotation and gradually becomes the basis of social ideological and moral construction and professional ethics. Infants and young children are extremely plastic and can keenly accept all kinds of information from the outside world, which is a critical period for the formation of good behavior. Etiquette, as an important part of international social communication, will have a positive impact on children's future study and life development, especially on their personality, sociality and moral quality. In 2007, our garden applied to the Central Education Institute for the topic "How to carry out etiquette education for children in kindergartens". After the project was approved, we made a comprehensive analysis according to the textbook "Children's Etiquette" and combined with children's characteristics, which were integrated into environmental edification, educational activities, theme activities, situational activities and parent-child activities respectively, and achieved good results.
First, actively use the natural function of environmental education to acquire etiquette.
Kindergarten is the main social place for children. First of all, we should cultivate teachers to understand etiquette, ask teachers to behave in accordance with etiquette norms, set an example for children and parents, actively create a material and spiritual environment for children to develop good behavior, and strive to instill etiquette education in children. Kindergarten has specially set up a column of "Eight Honors and Eight Disgraces for Children", an exhibition area of "I am a civilized citizen", a code of etiquette for teachers and staff, and a code of moral conduct for preschool children. There are warm tips next to every facility and place in kindergarten. For example, when you walk up the stairs, children will see the illustrated and easy-to-understand words: "Don't learn from crabs, don't learn from monkeys, learn from kittens." In every bathroom, you will see educational tips written in childish language, such as "Don't let the faucet shed tears" and "Save water and be a good baby". On the playground, there are: "I nod and smile at flowers and plants", "I find a home for garbage" and "Let's work together to make our home better". These words are more like a mirror of children, always urging and reminding children to be "civilized" from an early age.
"Environmental education" has played a positive role in children's etiquette education, which has exposed all teachers, children and parents in our park to a strong atmosphere of etiquette education.
Second, actively use the main channel of education and teaching activities to infiltrate etiquette.
Every link in daily life can and should be an opportunity to educate children on etiquette.
Arriving in the garden early, the teacher led the children to care about the unhappy children today, and "care" rose here; At dinner time, the story of "Kong Rong makes pears" made the children understand that humility is a happy enjoyment; When celebrating children's birthdays collectively, warm love makes children feel that happiness will be repeated when sharing; Children learn to wait and take turns when playing games. Civilization and rules make children understand that self-discipline is a virtue. In free activities, children will inevitably violate the rules, organize everyone to discuss "events" in time and find appropriate solutions, so that children can abandon their original bad behavior habits and experience the happiness brought by good manners. For example, Xu Yaru, a freshman, is always the first to go to the garden before the children. One day, I saw her dragging her mother panting to the classroom, and her face was unhappy. I held her in my arms and whispered in her ear, "Yaru, what's the matter?" Why are you unhappy today? Would you like to tell the teacher? "I saw Yaru with her head down, as if tears were still in her eyes, muttering," I'm five minutes late. You put all the small chairs away. I can't help you today ... "Listening to the child's touching words, a warm current surged through my body. What a lovely child! She comes to the garden first every day to help the teacher build a small chair and express her love for the children and teachers. Her good behavior of "loving labor", "respecting teachers" and "loving companions" is the result of our etiquette education. In this loving atmosphere, children's good manners and behaviors are gradually developed. They "compare" each other who helps others more, who cares more about others and who performs well. Everyone is striving to be a "small model of etiquette", and the kindergarten is a harmonious scene of "happiness".
In education and teaching activities, etiquette education is combined with games in five fields: health, society, language, science and art, and rational preaching is turned into perceptual fun activities. The children learned the feelings of friends in the bear's treat, the persistence of friends in the cleaning of pigs, the civility and humility in the crossing of the bridge by lambs, and the importance of protecting resources. In education and teaching activities, teachers insist on putting the standard of cultivating children's civilized manners and habits in an important position, and pay attention to guiding children's ways and habits of study, life and communication. Taking the usual gfd and manners as the breakthrough point, through intensive training, the code of conduct of children's civilized etiquette has fallen into real life, which really makes etiquette education effective.
Third, actively use the participation role of theme activity education to understand etiquette.
Over the years, our park has persisted in running through the educational objectives in the form of theme activities and achieved good results. In 2006, we exchanged ideas at the second national experience exchange meeting on the implementation of the Outline. In 2007, after the project "How to conduct etiquette education in kindergartens" was approved by the Central Education Institute, etiquette education was included in the theme activities. Theme activities stimulate and help children understand and implement etiquette through the organic combination of presupposition and generation, and the organic combination of kindergarten and family.
For example, there are theme activities in the small class, such as "I love kindergarten", "Kiss the whole family", "I can organize toys" and "We talk about hygiene". The middle class has "play with peers", "do your own thing", "strive to be a civilized and good baby", "mom and dad are really capable" and "praise a good baby". When there are theme activities such as "Learn to cooperate and communicate", "I have grown up", "People from different occupations" and "Chinese people", children, parents and teachers actively participate and interact, so that etiquette education can enter kindergartens, families and the hearts of every child, parent and teacher. In the practice of participating in theme activities, children have got rid of the shortcomings of arbitrariness, bullying, rudeness and selfishness, and become good babies who are civilized, polite, trustworthy, respectful of their elders and sociable.
Fourth, actively use the practical role of situational mode games to practice etiquette.
The process of etiquette education is both a process of understanding and a process of practice. According to the educational objectives, we will organize special civilized etiquette activities in the form of theme activities once a week in a planned way, such as "being at home in the garden", "being a guest", "attending a party" and other rich educational and teaching forms, so that children can participate in colorful scene performances, compare and have a look.
Fifth, actively use the long-term role of parent-child activities to strengthen etiquette.
Children's etiquette is a simple code of conduct that children must abide by in kindergarten, family and social activities. It is an effective means to help children understand etiquette knowledge, learn etiquette words and deeds, increase etiquette experience, and let children get close to etiquette through various forms. Children's etiquette is not only the responsibility of kindergartens, but also the participation of parents and society. To this end, the members of the research group organized by our garden created the "parent-child etiquette exercise", and parents and children said that they can follow it every day when they come to the garden and go home early, so etiquette education has entered thousands of households and played a role in social etiquette education.
Our garden not only pays attention to etiquette education in the garden, but also studies with parents how to deal with etiquette problems, such as: "children don't know how to say hello." First of all, before meeting, you must tell your child "who will meet in the future", "how to address" and "what to say" so that your child can be psychologically prepared and even practice first. When you meet, you should leave time for children, not adults who are busy talking. Suddenly, we found that the child hadn't said hello yet, so we hurried, and the result became bigger and bigger. What parents should do is to encourage him to say what he has practiced before. If he is really shy and has stage fright for a while, let the child nod and smile. When you get home, you should strongly appreciate what your children have done today. For example, "You said hello to your grandparents next door today, and you did a good job." In fact, children are very smart. When he finds that "sweet mouth" can make everyone happy and get rewards, he will be happy to do it. Similarly: "What if children make noise in public places?" "How to bring children to parties", "What should children do when adults talk" and so on.
In short, etiquette education is contained in all aspects of children's lives and exists in every moment of children's study. Carrying out etiquette education in kindergartens can reshape the new image of "civilized etiquette" of the Chinese nation, form a good etiquette atmosphere, build a good campus culture, and promote and cultivate children's all-round harmonious and balanced development.
The ancients said, "If you don't learn etiquette, you can't stand, be rude, and you can't live." . Rudeness is unsuccessful, rudeness is uneasy. "
How to cultivate children's etiquette education? Children's etiquette education can not be cultivated overnight, but needs to be cultivated and guided in daily life for a long time. Our garden chooses the course of Century Wancheng Education Chinese Studies, which not only recites classic books such as Three Amethyst and Disciples' Rules, but also permeates etiquette and moral education in Chinese studies into children's daily life, including children's daily life such as entering the garden, having meals, having a rest, activities and studying. Etiquette education can run through every link of daily life, so that children can understand the rules and etiquette in a subtle way.
Teach children through stories and cartoons, and adopt the method of entertaining. Children may not understand everything you tell them, but if you tell them stories, they will remember more clearly.
Research shows that 3-6 years old is not only a critical period for children's cognitive development, but also a critical period for them to develop good behavior habits. Many families and kindergartens attach great importance to children's etiquette education. What effective educational methods should be adopted in order to cultivate children who know, love and observe etiquette? First, the story shows that kindergarten teachers and parents can design vivid life scenes according to the educational content when they educate their children on etiquette. By vividly describing the short stories of two small partners' different performances in life, children can be immersed in the scene and attract their interest in learning. Second, the comparative analysis of preschool teachers and parents can guide children to compare and distinguish the positive and negative cases after telling stories, so that children can clearly understand what is decent and socially recognized words and deeds, and what is inappropriate and socially unrecognized words and deeds, so as to obtain correct etiquette cognition and leave a deep impression. Third, role-playing preschool teachers and parents can guide children to distinguish right from wrong, so that children can play two different roles, experience empathy, and generate a sense of honor and love for etiquette. Fourth, the infiltration of life Children learn to master common sense of etiquette in order to use it in interpersonal communication, that is, to develop good manners and habits. Children learn etiquette knowledge and turn it into etiquette behavior ability. Only by infiltrating into daily life can they establish a stable dynamic stereotype and strengthen it repeatedly to form a natural etiquette habit. Parents and teachers of young children can not only help them master common sense of etiquette, but also help them to have a sense of honor and love for etiquette through storytelling, comparative analysis, role-playing and life infiltration. Can also consciously practice etiquette norms, form a good habit of civilized etiquette, and become a child who knows etiquette, loves etiquette and acts etiquette.