Matters needing attention in cherry tree planting
1, trial planting before development
Big cherry likes warmth, is not cold-resistant, drought-resistant, waterlogging-resistant and strong wind-resistant, and is suitable for cultivation in areas with annual average temperature 10℃~ 15℃. Practice has proved that when the average temperature is higher than 15℃ in that year, big cherries tend to bloom more and set fewer fruits. The introduction and development of big cherry not only depends on the local annual average temperature, precipitation, sunshine, frost-free period and other factors, but also carefully analyzes the local microclimate characteristics, and tries to plant first and then develop.
2. Develop hard meat storage and transportation varieties.
At present, only a dozen excellent cherry varieties have been cultivated and verified, and each variety has certain shortcomings. For example, the red light cultivated in our country has large fruit, bright color, sweet juice and high and stable yield. However, it entered the full fruit stage late, and the fruit was thin and soft, which was not suitable for processing, storage and transportation, but only suitable for small-scale planting. In the future, we should choose varieties with beautiful appearance, hard pulp, good quality, light crack, storage and transportation resistance and fresh food processing.
3. Focus on preventing root cancer and viral diseases.
Choosing excellent rootstocks suitable for local cultivation is the key to the success of big cherry cultivation. The most important thing is to see if the rootstock is resistant to root cancer and has virus disease. In the old producing areas of big cherry, we must not use continuous cropping to develop big cherry, let alone cultivate big cherry seedlings; In the newly developed big cherry producing areas, root cancer and virus diseases should be strictly controlled on the premise of determining improved varieties and excellent rootstocks.
4. Both pollination and fruit thinning are needed.
Most cherry varieties are not self-pollinated or have low seed setting rate, so cross pollination is needed. Some big cherry orchards do not bear fruit all the year round, and there are few fruits of the right age, which are not affected by freezing damage, mainly because of unreasonable pollination tree configuration, poor flowering period and poor pollination. Pioneer and Rubins are ideal pollinators. It is also necessary to remove weak fruit branches, smaller flowers, small fruits and deformed fruits with incorrect shapes and positions in time. It is advisable to leave 2~3 fruits on each fruiting branch.
Question 2: How often do cherry trees bear fruit? Hello, my friend! Cherry trees bear fruit twice a year. Prunus of Rosaceae is a small deciduous tree with a height of 8 meters. The leaves are ovoid to ovoid-elliptic, 7~ 12cm long, sharp at the apex, round at the base, with serrated edges of different sizes, glands between teeth, hairless or hairless at the top and sparse at the back. The flowers are white, with a diameter of about 1.5~2.5cm, and the calyx tube is hairy; 3~6 clusters form racemes. The fruit is nearly spherical, with a diameter of 1~ 1.5cm, and is red. Flowers bloom in April, and the first leaf opens; Fruit ripens from May to June. thank you
Question 3: When will the cherry bear fruit? My cherry tree is ripe in summer and can be eaten.
It began to mature slowly around June. I remember when I was a child, my mother often made me a cherry tree, which was super delicious. I also know that it is difficult to make this cherry water, so thank you, mom! ! !
Still very memorable! ! !
Question 4: Autumn cherry trees will not bear fruit under normal circumstances. Cherry trees (small cherries) in China generally mature in the first half of May; The big cherry ripens about half a month later than the small cherry. If the management is not good, the leaves will fall off in advance or be eaten up by pests, and sometimes there will be a phenomenon of secondary flowering and fruiting in autumn, but they often cannot mature normally and waste nutrition. If they are all open, there will be no harvest in the next year (the flowers of fruit trees in spring are formed in summer and autumn, and only differentiate once a year).
Question 5: How many years does the cherry tree bear fruit? It usually begins to bear fruit after a few years. How many years does it last? Can I carry cherry trees in winter? Ask experts for advice! Little sister, you're welcome! 10, it will blossom and bear fruit in three to four years.
First, choose a garden
The garden should be selected in an agricultural production area with good ecological conditions, far away from pollution sources and sustainable production capacity. Meet the safety and quality of agricultural products and the environmental requirements of pollution-free fruit producing areas.
Second, choose the right variety.
In order to give full play to the synergistic potential of big cherry protected cultivation, we should pay attention to the selection of early-maturing varieties such as Hongguang, Italian Zaohong and Zaoda Fruit, which need less cold. On the premise of giving priority to early-maturing varieties, we can also appropriately select excellent early and middle-maturing varieties, such as Xianfeng and Meizao, to extend the listing period. Late-maturing varieties are not suitable for protective cultivation. First, they need a large amount of cold energy and have a long cold storage time. Second, the maturity is late, and the time is similar to that of early maturity in the open field, and the benefits are not obvious.
Third, greenhouse construction.
In addition to being strong, wind-resistant and compression-resistant, the greenhouse cultivated in protected areas should be light-permeable, humidity-regulated, with good thermal insulation effect and easy management, which is conducive to the normal growth and development of big cherries.
Four, buckle tent time and temperature rise
1. Big cherry has the characteristic of natural dormancy. The cultivation of big cherry in greenhouse must meet the requirements of big cherry for low temperature and cold capacity. According to the dormancy characteristics and low temperature requirements of big cherry, a new high-fat film should be sprayed under the tree after the shed is closed, so that the root system activity can germinate earlier than the tree body, and the nutrient cycle of the tree body can be connected up and down, so that the tree body in the shed can keep the nutrient supply in time and avoid premature fruit drop.
It's best not to rush to heat up after the tent is buckled. In the first few days, you can shade the sun and store cold, cover the curtains during the day and open them at night, and continue to increase the demand for low temperature of big cherries, and then slowly heat up after 5-7 days. However, the temperature should not rise too fast or too high, otherwise the reverse growth phenomenon of leaves first, flowers first and pistils first will easily occur.
Cherry is delicious, but trees are difficult to grow.
Question 6: plant a cherry tree, when to graft, when to bear fruit, online, etc! If it is a small cherry (China cherry), it can bear fruit in about 4 years without grafting. Big cherry trees need to graft 2 ~ 3 varieties of scions and pollinate each other, and it takes about 4 years to bear normal fruit. Bud grafting with xylem in September, or grafting with single bud incision one week before spring sowing, the survival rate is higher.
Question 7: When will cherry trees be pruned? Cherry pruning is divided into three times: spring pruning, summer pruning and autumn pruning.
At present, the cultivated cherry varieties mainly include China cherry, big cherry, sweet cherry, sour cherry and hairy cherry. Because of the different growth and fruiting habits, there are also differences in shaping and pruning. The growth and fruiting habits and pruning of China cherry, sour cherry and hairy cherry are basically the same.
(1) China cherry is a small tree or shrub. The growth is weak, the dryness is not strong, the branches are slender, and natural round heads or natural clusters are often used in production. Natural round head, trunk 50 ~ 60 cm, 3 ~ 5 main branches, with fruiting branches on the main branches; Naturally clustered, generally without trunk, there are 5 ~ 6 main branches obliquely growing from the ground, forming a clustered tree, and each main branch has fruiting branches. There are many kinds of cherries in China, which mature earlier than sweet cherries.
China cherry has strong germination ability and can be used for bud regeneration. Dry sweet cherry with weak cold resistance.
(2) Sour cherry is also called European sour cherry. Small trees or shrubs, strong trees, erect or open. Branches are slender and dense, with strong cold tolerance, early fruiting, easy to take root and tiller, and can be used for reproduction or regeneration.
(3) Prunus tomentosa is native to China. A shrub with dense branches and strong germination ability. This species has strong cold resistance, wide adaptability to soil and high yield, and can be used as raw material for peach breeding and dwarf rootstock. Because this species mostly uses seedlings to reproduce, there are many types.
(4) Sweet cherry can be divided into two varieties according to its growth and fruiting habits, represented by Na Weng and Da Zi. The pruning of these two varieties is different.
(1) the types of nanon are crystal and chicken heart. The tree is upright, the young trees grow vigorously, and the ability to form branches is weak, mainly bouquets of fruit branches, and the tree tends to be weak after the result.
This variety should be thinned with dried trunk. During plastic surgery, we should pay attention to opening the angle of the backbone branch by pulling the branch.
Pruning young trees should be moderately short, promote the growth of branches, increase the position of bouquets of fruit branches, and pay attention to balancing the tree potential when pruning to prevent the upper part from being too strong. When the phenomenon of upward strength appears, it can be contracted at the weaker branches of the strong branches, or the extended branches can be cut off again. The extended branches of weak backbone branches should be kept for a long time to increase their total growth and promote bold growth. For other branches on the strong branches, especially those with upright back, only 3 ~ 5 cm is left for heavy short cutting, and flowers are slowly released in the next year to promote flower buds. Light cutting and short cutting of weak branches can increase the number of branches and promote the growth of thickening.
Results Branches should be cultured in compact form. When cultivating fruiting branches, medium-strong branches or competitive branches can be used. That is, in 1 year, the medium and strong branches on both sides of the backbone branches are selected, and short nodes of about 20 cm are left; In the second year, the top branch is shortened again as the leading branch of the branch group, the lower branch is sparse if it is too dense, the weak branch is slowly released, and the middle branch is moderately shortened to promote branching; In the third year, the strong branches at the top of the branch group became thinner, and the middle branches and weak branches at the lower part slowly decreased; For moderate and weak branches that have been slowly released and formed leafy branches in the second year, the branches can be shrunk at the weak branches.
On the basis of strengthening the comprehensive management of soil, fertilizer and water, the main branches and fruiting branches of big trees in full fruit stage are pruned in miniature, so as to promote the bouquetlike fruit branches to grow medium and long branches, maintain the growth of trees, maintain the fruiting ability and prolong the fruiting period.
After entering the aging period, we should pay attention to renewal and rejuvenation. If the economic output cannot be maintained, it is necessary to update the whole park in time.
② The types of big purple are early purple, small purple and glass bubble. The posture of the tree is relatively open, the branches are thick, and the resulting parts are easy to move out. After a large number of fruits, the tree potential is easier to maintain.
This variety should adopt natural happy shape or natural clump shape. In the process of plastic surgery, attention should be paid to maintaining the balance between membership and tree length growth, and also to the angle of main branches opening, so as to control the growth of main branches with small opening angle.
When pruning young trees, it is necessary to properly remove the branches that are too dense and flourishing, trim a small amount, and slowly release moderate branches and weak branches to promote the growth of leafy branches. During the growth of new shoots, branching can be promoted by coring to promote flowering and fruiting.
When the bearing branches are cultivated on both sides of the main branches, the medium and strong branches can be chopped; After branching in the second year, the new branches are cored to promote branching; In the third year, the top strong branches are loosened, the moderate branches and weak branches are slowly released, and the scattered fruiting branches are cultivated; After the medium and weak branches are slowly released, they can be cultured into uniaxial elongated fruiting branches.
After a large number of fruits are produced in the full fruit stage, we should pay attention to the slight shrinkage and shearing of the top of the 2-3-year-old branches of the main branches and fruiting branches to restore their growth and fruiting ability and control the outward migration of fruiting parts.
1, shortcut.
Cut off a part of 1 annual branches, that is, short nodes. According to >>
Question 8: Should the cherry seedlings be grafted? How many years will it take to get results without marrying Rafa? You should say cherry seedlings. If the cherry seedlings are China cherries, that is, traditional small cherries or water cherries, it will take three or four years without grafting. If the rootstock of Isatis indigotica is inedible, or the rootstock of gisela dwarf cherry seedlings is not grafted, it will not bear fruit and can only reproduce asexually. Specifically, you can search Gog Agriculture, as if it were on their website. It's all very detailed