In the riddle describing peanuts, there lived a white fat man with a red curtain in the horse house. Ma Wuzi is a pericarp, which develops from the ovary wall. The red curtain is the seed coat of peanut, which is developed from the integument. The white fat man is an embryo, developed from a fertilized egg. Embryo is composed of germ, hypocotyl, radicle and cotyledon, which is rich in nutrients. Therefore, peanut oil is mainly squeezed from the cotyledons of "white fat man".
(2) The external conditions of seed germination are suitable moisture, sufficient air and suitable temperature; The self-condition of seed germination is that there must be a complete and dynamic embryo and nutrients needed for embryo development. When sowing peanut seeds in early spring, because the outside temperature is still low, farmers often cover the ground with plastic film to ensure the proper temperature for seed germination.
(3) The process that water in plants is released into the atmosphere in the form of gas is called transpiration. Leaf is the main organ of transpiration, and the factors affecting transpiration are light intensity, air circulation, atmospheric humidity and temperature. Transplanting plants on cloudy days or in the evening and cutting off a lot of branches and leaves can reduce plant transpiration and improve the survival rate of transplanting. The main part of root system absorbing water and inorganic salts is the mature area of root tip (root hair area). Transplanting plants with soil is to
(4) The variation of peanut fruit length is caused by the change of genetic material and environment. The variation caused by the change of genetic material can be inherited, but the variation caused by the environment without the change of genetic material cannot be inherited. The chart in the title shows that this is a variation phenomenon, and the biological characteristics are the result of the interaction between genes and environment.
So the answer is: (1) The cotyledons of the ovary wall of the pericarp are pressed on white paper after the seed coat is removed, and oil stains appear.
(2) The embryo is fully developed and the cotyledons are rich in nutrition, which is beneficial to seed germination.
Increase the surface temperature and reduce soil moisture loss (heat preservation and moisture retention)
(3) Reduce transpiration (reduce water loss) and prevent root hair from being damaged.
(4) This is a variation phenomenon, and biological characters are the result of the interaction between genes and environment.