I. Job Duties Job Duties 1. Safety management is an important content of construction enterprise management, which can not be ignored in construction site management. Ensuring construction safety and preventing accidents is an important task for all employees of the enterprise, as well as for all those who enter the construction site and participate in the project construction, and it is also an important duty for managers at all levels. 2. The basic meaning of safety management: workers must carry out production activities in a safe environment. Safety management is to take necessary safety measures for all aspects of the working environment and construction, put forward certain safety requirements, and eliminate unsafe behaviors of people and things in time to ensure the health and life safety of workers and ensure the smooth progress of production. 3. Task of safety management: conscientiously implement the policy of "safety first, prevention first", strengthen the scientific management of safety production, and establish the responsibility system for safety production. Strengthen safety inspection, conduct safety education, take safety technical measures, and fully complete the construction task under the condition of ensuring safety. 4. Content of safety management: Safety management includes establishing the responsibility system for production safety, safety education, training, safety inspection and accident handling. Specifically: (1), conscientiously implement the policies, decrees and regulations of the state and enterprises on production safety, implement the labor protection law and rules and regulations, and strive to improve the construction environment. (2), combined with the enterprise and construction production practice, formulate rules and regulations of production safety and safety technical regulations, establish the responsibility system of production safety at all levels and departments, and supervise and inspect the implementation of these rules and regulations. (3), the preparation of safety measures plan, including measures to improve working conditions, prevent accidents, occupational diseases, etc. The formulation of safety measures should proceed from the actual situation of enterprises, pay attention to actual results, and strengthen inspection and supervision in the implementation process. (4) Organize production safety inspection, including comprehensive inspection, professional inspection, seasonal inspection and daily inspection, report and solve problems to relevant departments in time when found, and find potential accidents as early as possible. (5) Do a good job in labor protection, distribute labor protection articles, manage and use labor protection articles, protect female employees and prevent occupational diseases. (6) Carry out safety education and training, mainly including safety education for new workers, post training education and special safety education for independent operations, special types of work and certain dangerous positions. (7), take corresponding organization technical measures, safety technical evaluation, technically ensure safety. (8), the establishment of casualty accident timely reporting system. Immediately after the accident, do a good job in rescue and other aftermath, organize an accident analysis meeting, find out the cause of the accident, and put forward preventive measures to prevent similar accidents from happening again. It is necessary to achieve "four misses", that is, the cause of the accident is unclear, the person responsible for the accident and the parties concerned are not educated, and there are no preventive measures. 5. The principle of safety management requires that safety management is very important, because the characteristics of construction production are large mobility, poor working conditions, many artificial open-air operations, many ditches and pits, and many high-altitude interchange operations, which are prone to unsafe factors. The principle requirements for strengthening the safety management of the construction site are: (1), entrance education, clear signs, careful prevention, regular inspection and prevention first. Carry out pre-admission and regular safety education, repeated publicity, and alarm bells ringing. Eye-catching safety signs shall be set on the site, and safety protection measures shall be complete. Construction personnel shall be educated to operate according to the regulations, and professionals shall be appointed to patrol and inspect the site. If any violation is found, it shall be corrected in time. All kinds of safety protection laws and regulations should be implemented to the letter. (2), the principle of safety first. The functional departments of enterprise management, managers, on-site commanders and all personnel involved in construction and production should establish the idea of safety first, pay attention to safety while grasping production, and promote production with safety. (3), the principle of giving priority to me. The safety work on the construction site should start from me, put an end to dependence, everyone should pay attention to safety, and rely on personal efforts to find and eliminate unsafe factors to ensure the realization of safe production. (4), resolutely implement the principle of "no operation". Whatever is stipulated as "don't do it, don't do it" and "forbidden" can't be done for any reason. (5) Safety management requires site construction personnel to strictly abide by the provisions on safety in production. Safety production regulations are scientific rules with regularity summarized from practice. If you violate them, it will inevitably lead to serious consequences. Therefore, it must be strictly observed. 6. Strict safety management system on the construction site To achieve safe construction and implement labor protection laws and regulations, it is necessary to establish and improve a set of safety management system, which is an important condition for doing a good job in safety production and labor protection management. On the basis of establishing various safety systems, we must conscientiously implement the safety measures at the construction site to ensure the implementation of the safety management system. The construction site safety management system and reward and punishment measures are attached.

Second, the obligations and responsibilities of construction workers in production safety 1, the obligations of construction workers in production safety (1), employees must strictly abide by laws, regulations, industry safety rules and regulations, procedures, as well as the company's production safety rules and regulations and operating procedures, obey management, and wear and use labor protection articles correctly. The laws and regulations on safety in production mainly include the Safety Law and the Labor Law. "Safety Law" and "Labor Law" are formulated in accordance with scientific laws on the basis of summing up the experience and lessons of safety production, which are binding and must be strictly observed by construction enterprises and operators. (2) Employees shall receive education and training in production safety, master the knowledge of production safety required by their own work, improve their skills in production safety, and enhance their ability in accident prevention and emergency handling. (3), employees found hidden dangers of accidents or other unsafe factors, should immediately report to the construction site safety management personnel or unit head; The person who receives the report shall deal with it in time. (4), any employee shall not command or command or force illegal operations, that is, enterprise leaders, construction site management personnel and engineering and technical personnel operate illegally, regardless of safety, forcing operators to operate illegally. This is an important cause of safety accidents and the biggest threat to the personal safety of employees. Therefore, the law clearly stipulates that illegal command is not allowed. One of the main causes of casualty accidents is that workers take risks against regulations, and the law also expressly stipulates that illegal operations are not allowed. 2. The responsibility of construction personnel in safety production (1) and safety production is everyone's responsibility, and each contractor should earnestly perform his own safety responsibility in his own post and be directly responsible for the safety production in this post. (2), strictly abide by the post safety operation procedures, strictly abide by the labor, operation, technology, construction and work discipline. (3) Seriously study and implement the safety management system and regulations of direct operation links such as climbing operation, seasonal construction, safety maintenance and safe electricity consumption, and do not violate the rules. (4) Correctly analyze, judge and handle all kinds of accident symptoms, and nip the accident in the bud. When an accident happens, report it to the superior in time and truthfully, handle it correctly according to the accident plan, protect the scene and make detailed records. (5), the correct operation, careful maintenance of equipment, safekeeping, proper use of all kinds of protective equipment and fire fighting equipment, keep the working environment clean and tidy, do a good job in civilized construction. (6) Actively participate in various safety activities, post technical training and accident plan drills. (7), have the right to refuse illegal operation instruction, discourage and stop others illegal operation.

Three. Principles and measures to ensure personal safety 1. The direct cause of industrial accidents is the unsafe state of machinery, materials or environment and the unsafe behavior of people. Unsafe state: refers to the material state that can lead to accidents, such as the lack or defect of protection, safety, signal and other devices; Lack of personal protective equipment, appliances or protective equipment, and defective use; The construction site environment is bad, etc. Unsafe behavior: refers to human errors that can lead to accidents, such as operating errors, ignoring safety and warnings, resulting in the failure of safety devices, using unsafe equipment, operating with hands instead of tools, improperly storing articles, venturing into dangerous places, climbing or sitting in unsafe positions, working and staying under lifting objects, and engaging in refueling, repair, inspection, adjustment, welding and cleaning while the machine is running, which makes people distracted. 2. Indirect Causes of Industrial Accidents Indirect causes of industrial accidents include the following contents: (1), technical and design defects, that is, problems existing in the design, construction and material use of industrial components, buildings, machinery and equipment, instruments and meters, technological processes, operation methods, maintenance and inspection, etc. (2) Insufficient education and training in safety operation technology. (3) unreasonable labor organization. (4) Lack of inspection or wrong guidance for field work. (5) Failing to seriously implement accident prevention measures, and failing to rectify hidden dangers of accidents. 3. Specific measures to realize safe production (1) and eliminate hidden dangers. Take safety technology and organizational management measures to eliminate all unsafe factors. (2) Prevention first. Some harmful factors in production can't be completely eliminated during the construction, so corresponding preventive measures should be taken before the construction starts. (3), weaken the harm. If it cannot be eliminated and prevented, measures can be taken to weaken the harm. (4) Isolation measures. In the case that it cannot be eliminated, prevented or weakened, people are separated from harmful factors. (5), interlocking device. When the operator misoperates or the mechanical equipment is in a dangerous state, the operation of mechanical equipment, such as overload limiter and travel switch of hoisting machinery, is stopped by interlocking device. (6), set the weak link. Use the failure of some links in the system to protect the safety of the system, such as setting explosion-proof membranes on pressure-bearing equipment, setting fuses in circuits, and setting light floors in explosive places. (7), enhance the strength. Increase the strength of key parts of the machine, that is, increase the safety factor of key parts, such as the safety factor of hook and wire rope of lifting machinery is greater than that of general parts. (8), reasonable arrangement. Scientifically arrange the construction site and the equipment in the same plane, and rationally arrange the multi-level main workplaces. (9) Reduce working hours. The system of shortening working hours and early retirement shall be implemented for workers with heavy manual labor and serious toxic and harmful operations. (10), realize mechanization and automation instead of manual operation. Safety in production is to analyze, evaluate and control the accidents that may be caused by people, machines and environment by scientific methods, so that all aspects of production are in the best safety state. (1 1), strengthen the control and management of construction personnel, strengthen safety education, and improve their technical and safety quality.

Fourth, the self-safety protection of construction personnel

1, the importance of self-safety protection According to the analysis of some previous cases of industrial accidents, the main reasons for industrial accidents are: poor safety protection at the construction site, resulting in unsafe working environment; Safety production rules and regulations are not perfect, and safety management is insufficient; Construction workers do not abide by labor and production discipline, and violate operating procedures, resulting in unsafe behavior of personnel. To achieve safety in production, on the one hand, we should pay attention to safety production management and construction safety protection, on the other hand, we should constantly improve the self-protection ability of operators, and we can achieve safety in production by grasping both aspects together. Self-protection ability is the ability of workers to be sensitive, foresee, control and eliminate unsafe conditions in construction and production. Workers' self-protection ability has been improved, and an invisible line of defense will be added during construction to ensure safe production. In the process of construction and production, it is inevitable for leaders to pay attention to construction and production safety; Have a complete set of rules and regulations; Management methods and mechanisms are the guarantee; The self-protection and protection ability of construction operators is the main body. Some safety accidents are often caused by human factors and poor self-protection and protection ability of operators. 2. Improve the self-protection ability of construction workers. In the process of construction and production, it is very important to continuously improve the self-protection ability and safety protection awareness of construction workers. (1), strengthen the safety education and job skills training of construction personnel, constantly improve the self-protection ability of construction personnel and enhance the awareness of safety protection. The training contents include: ① the current national guidelines, policies, decrees and regulations on safety in production; (two) the situation of enterprise safety production, safety production rules and regulations, and safety accident lessons; (3) The safety protection on the construction site should meet the standards, as well as the safety operation procedures and operating standards of each type of work; (4) First-aid knowledge after an accident on the construction site; ⑤ Methods and contents of workplace and environmental safety inspection; ⑥ Correct use of protective equipment; ⑦ The significance of safe production. (2) Strengthen the safety management of the construction site. Safety in production is a systematic project, involving construction, materials, machinery, electricity, technology, labor and other aspects. Without strict management system and safety discipline, it is impossible. Use strict safety discipline to restrain those who don't follow the operating rules, command and operate illegally, so as to achieve the goal of safe production. In the process of construction and production, the competent leader pays attention to safety personally, and all functional departments pay attention to * * * management, and pay attention to safety while grasping production, so as to promote production with safety. (3) Strengthen the self-safety protection of special operators. High-altitude operations and special operations in building construction are very dangerous operations, which are prone to safety accidents. Improving self-protection ability and enhancing safety awareness are the main measures to reduce safety accidents. The following principles must be adhered to for special operators: first, special training must be carried out; Second, after the training, the examination and certification should be strictly carried out, and those without operation certificates are not allowed to take up their posts or operate independently; Third, it is necessary to review regularly, and those who fail the exam will take back the operation certificate; Fourth, there should be strict discipline for special operators, and violators should be dealt with severely. (4) Give workers the power of safety supervision. Improve the self-protection ability of employees, so that the party and state's safety production guidelines, policies, decrees and regulations are implemented, the enterprise's safety production rules and regulations are implemented, and the safety technical operation procedures are implemented. This requires construction managers to strictly implement and supervise the implementation, and workers must be given the power to supervise. Implementing workers' safety supervision is a powerful measure to stop commandism, empiricism, illegal command and reckless behavior that only focuses on production and ignores safety. In order to realize safe production and improve the self-protection ability of workers, it is necessary to give workers the power of safety supervision. The details are as follows: ① Before the project construction, there was no safety technical disclosure, and the construction managers did not pay attention to safety at the pre-shift meeting, so the workers had the right to refuse to work. (2) Workers have the right to refuse all illegal orders, and can report above their level. If workers retaliate by reporting unsafe production at the next higher level, the superior competent leader shall deal with the relevant personnel. (3) Before the workers take up their posts, if the construction management personnel do not actively organize to eliminate the potential safety hazards found in the workplace, the workers have the right to refuse to take up their posts. (4) The mechanical and electrical equipment safety devices used by the operators are incomplete and unreliable, and the workers have the right to refuse to use them. ⑤ In the working area of the operator, when the safety protection measures are not perfect and there is serious personal danger, the operator has the right to carry out the construction without measures. 6. Workers jump ship, new workers enter the market, and adopt or introduce new technologies, new processes and new equipment. Without safety education and job skills training, workers have the right to refuse to work. ⑦ Labor protection for personal use. If labor protection articles are not distributed or shoddy, workers have the right to refuse to work at their posts. ⑧ For the production commanders who violate the construction procedures, operating procedures and relevant safety production regulations and blindly pursue the output value and progress, the workers can quit the construction operation.