65438+ Strictly check, all personnel who do not have relevant post qualifications and do not meet the requirements of pit stop work shall not be arranged to enter the substation to participate in the work, so as to control the entry of dangerous sources from the source and reduce the possibility of safety accidents.
2, before the start of the operation, the risk analysis of each link of the operation in advance, identify the harmful factors that may lead to accidents in the process of operation, and formulate effective control measures, write the control measures into the construction plan or formulate a special risk precontrol table to ensure that the precontrol measures are in place. Set up the safety layout of the construction site reasonably before work, and do a good job of early warning of dangerous points. A, before the formal construction, the staff should according to the scope of power outage, fence the workplace and live equipment, do a good job in the layout of the construction site, clearly mark the field work area at the construction site, work out the basic route of field work, etc. , to prevent some staff from blindly entering the execution device area, causing various safety problems; Second, the staff should analyze all the risk points on the construction site and mark them on the site, such as setting warning signs. , remind all staff to pay attention to various problems that may exist in the construction process, so that they can "know fairly well", thus eliminating or reducing potential safety hazards in the working environment.
3. Standardize the on-site operation process, improve the safety awareness of relevant personnel, standardize the work of each construction link, do a good job in safety prevention of each process in strict accordance with the requirements of the construction plan, do a good job in safety technical disclosure, and improve the safety quality of employees. Construction enterprises should strengthen safety quality education and training for employees, improve their ability to guard against safety risks, and at the same time provide all necessary safety precautions and protective articles for construction personnel to avoid all kinds of safety accidents as much as possible.
4. Improve the safety risk management of the implementation project, and earnestly implement the safety monitoring system of various construction sites. The person in charge of the operation and the designated operation guardian must conscientiously perform their duties of safety supervision, find out the dangerous behaviors that may occur during the operation, stop the behaviors that violate the operation specifications and endanger the production safety during the construction, and prevent the occurrence of safety accidents. The safety management department set up an on-site inspection team to conduct surprise safety inspections on the construction site from time to time. Once a safety management problem is found, the supervisor shall immediately stop the construction, immediately arrange on-site rectification, and investigate the responsibility of the corresponding person in charge, and shall not resume the operation before the problem is solved.
In addition, each substation construction unit must strengthen safety management communication and exchange with enterprises in the same industry, learn from their experience in safety risk management and control in the construction process, and formulate a set of practical risk prevention or strategies based on their own actual conditions.
What is the intensity of personal safety risk in the construction of electric power field? Personal safety risk control in construction maintenance work site is an important work in safety production. First, it is necessary to implement the safety responsibilities of personnel at all levels from the organization; Secondly, the operators should raise their awareness ideologically, actively implement the requirements of safety production, and conscientiously implement the safety measures at the job site. This paper introduces some measures for controlling the personal safety risks in the work site, and describes in detail the safety control of the electric power emergency repair site under bad weather conditions.
How to prevent the safety risks in the construction site? Safety production risks are divided into four categories: people, things, environment and management. The corresponding control measures are divided into three categories: engineering technical measures, management measures and personal labor protection measures.
The construction covers a wide range. Ditching and leveling the site is also a construction. Building a house is also a construction of the whole community, and road and bridge construction is also a construction. The security risks in each category are very different. The same kind of construction has different risks due to different environments. So we must control different risks.
Common engineering measures include elimination, substitution, dilution and isolation. Management measures include many inspection and monitoring, education and training, inspection and hidden danger management, early warning and notification, emergency management and so on. Personal labor protection is mainly the distribution and standard wearing of labor insurance articles.
It's still a phrase I often say, concrete analysis of specific problems. What was the scene like? What are the risks? I can't meet them online. I can only talk about theoretical things and talk about a train of thought. According to the risks existing in the site, control measures should be implemented at least in accordance with the requirements of national laws, regulations and standards. But also according to the strength of the enterprise itself (Qian Qian's problem)
For example, for a specific construction site, there is a pile of sand around. Whether to warn the pile of soil, pull the cordon, support the foundation, or pull it away directly depends on the various conditions at the scene. For another example, whether to draw a safe passage at the construction site and to what extent all kinds of visualization need to be done according to the requirements of the enterprise itself. Whether education and training is to say a few words on the spot or give a special lecture depends on the specific situation. Whether there are major hazards around the construction site, whether it is by the river and whether it is working in mountainous areas needs to be considered.
In short, analyze and identify risks according to standards and implement control measures.
How to divide the working ticket A and B for substation construction? Hello,
Open it again. Only after disconnecting the circuit with a switch is it allowed to open the disconnector which is wrongly connected.
6. When the disconnector is pulled by mistake, if it is a single-phase disconnector, one phase should be completely disconnected, but the other two phases should not continue to run.
(3) Treatment of common faults of transformer
1. When the indication of the instrument is wrong due to the fault of the transformer or its secondary circuit, the device should be monitored as far as possible according to the instructions of other instruments, and the execution mode of the device should not be changed as much as possible.
2. When it is found that the secondary circuit of the current transformer is disconnected, try to short-circuit it on the terminal near the current transformer. If this is not possible, stop the current transformer.
3. If the insulation on the high voltage side of the transformer is damaged or the current transformer smokes, a switch should be used to cut off the faulty transformer.
Abstract: At present, people put forward higher requirements for the safety and reliability of power supply, and how to implement power system stably and safely has become increasingly important. How to systematically discover the unsafe factors in the construction of electric power enterprises, eradicate the hidden dangers of accidents and greatly reduce the accident rate is a new situation and problem facing our safety management. Electric power enterprises have done a lot of work to improve the management level of safety production, such as investigating and analyzing electric power production accidents, and regularly carrying out seasonal safety inspection and double-standard activities of safe and civilized production. , and achieved good results. However, these management methods have their own emphases and limitations in the implementation process, which makes the power enterprises have little effect on the ability of accident prediction and control in advance. The main manifestations are as follows: some units have a good foundation of safety management and good inspection before the accident, but many problems have been exposed after the accident, and the problems have existed for a long time, so it is entirely possible to find and eliminate them in advance; Some units feel that the situation of safety production is severe and tense, but they don't know which soil fertility is most prone to accidents, and what kind of accidents occur, and they can't count in their hearts; Other units have long safety records, but the safety management level is average.
Facing the fierce industry competition environment in power engineering construction market, power construction enterprises should fully realize the importance of safety management in power engineering project construction and the safety benefits brought by power engineering project construction safety to enterprises. How to do a good job in safety management of power engineering construction is a problem worthy of in-depth analysis.
First, the importance of power engineering construction safety management
Power engineering construction safety management is a subsystem of project management, which is based on the implementation mode of "plan, implement, check and improve" dynamic cycle mode (PDCA dynamic cycle mode), and guides enterprises to systematically achieve the set goals of safety management with the idea of gradual improvement and continuous improvement. Therefore, building safety management is a dynamic, self-regulating and perfect management system. The implementation of safety management in the process of power engineering project construction can improve safety benefits and is the main embodiment of the importance of safety management.
Second, the safety management of power engineering construction
1, adhere to the policy of "safety first, prevention first and comprehensive treatment"
Adhering to the policy of "safety first, prevention first and comprehensive treatment" and strengthening the awareness of safety precautions in the whole construction process, all directions and all employees are the core of doing a good job in safety management on the construction site. Managers at all levels of enterprises should fully understand the important guiding spirit of "hidden danger is more dangerous than open fire", "prevention is better than disaster relief" and "responsibility is more important than Mount Tai", understand the importance of doing a good job in construction safety for enterprises, projects and individuals, and conscientiously implement the policy of "safety first, prevention first and comprehensive management" with a high sense of work responsibility. Through various safety training and education activities such as safety warning education and accident case analysis, all employees of the enterprise can firmly establish the idea of "safety first" and the safety concept of "all accidents can be prevented", and combine safety education and training with ideological education, technical education and post professional training to improve safety awareness and self-protection ability.
2. Establish and improve the safety guarantee system of the construction site.
The power engineering construction site is a multi-job operation group, and a perfect construction site safety guarantee system is the basis and guarantee for doing a good job in construction safety. The management idea of safety production guarantee system should be: clear responsibilities, prevention first, grasping key points, and closed management from beginning to end. That is to guide the construction unit to implement various safety laws and regulations in the production process, implement standardized management, clarify the functions of the safety production guarantee system from the project manager to the operators, and strengthen the responsibility system for safety production of personnel at all levels. At the same time, it is necessary to change the focus of material input in safety production to management input in resource development, and formulate corresponding preventive measures from many aspects such as people, finance, materials, machinery, law, science and environment through safety planning. Engaging in post-treatment to pre-control truly embodies the guiding ideology of putting prevention first, rationally allocates and clarifies the authority of departments and personnel at all levels, formulates various nodes, and formulates safety plans for dangers and key points, which fundamentally changes the situation that safety measures are not targeted in construction organization design. Start from the source and implement closed management.
3. Safety management of electric power construction site
(1) Establish an emergency plan for power engineering construction.
The purpose of making this plan on the construction site is to prevent and control the injuries of construction workers, minimize the injuries of workers, and get organized emergency treatment in the shortest time.
At the power construction site, the main plans should include: emergency plans for fire accident disposal; Emergency plan for hazardous chemicals; Emergency plan for mechanical equipment; Emergency plan for radiation accidents; Emergency plan for food poisoning; Emergency plan for typhoon prevention and flood control; Emergency plan for casualty accidents, etc.
The content and format of the emergency plan should be standardized (including laws, regulations and standards for safety production and environmental protection, relevant program documents, list of hazards and list of environmental factors, etc.). ) Ensure the scientificity, pertinence, effectiveness and operability of emergency plan preparation. Establish an emergency rescue system, set up an emergency rescue leading group, equip with necessary emergency rescue equipment and equipment, and organize relevant departments to carry out regular maintenance to ensure normal operation. After the preparation of the emergency plan is completed, the relevant departments shall conduct professional review and sign the emergency plan. It should be pointed out that the emergency plan is a guide to organize rescue operations for specific accidents. Therefore, the emergency plan should have a drill plan and organize drills regularly to verify the effectiveness of the emergency plan and response.
(2) Identification of dangerous factors in power engineering construction
Strengthen occupational safety and environmental protection factors in the construction site, evaluate the degree of danger, determine general hazards and major hazards, and determine major hazards and major environmental factors, so as to provide scientific basis for the safety of operators and effectively control them. Hazard identification in power engineering construction site should include: routine and unconventional activities; Activities of all personnel on the job site; All facilities and equipment on the job site.
The safety, health and environment management department of the enterprise shall, jointly with relevant departments, make a comparative analysis of all hazards that may cause casualties, equipment damage, environmental pollution and waste of resources on the construction site according to the occupational safety, health and environment laws and regulations, identify and confirm their hazards according to the Hazard Survey Form and the Environmental Factors Survey Form, and prepare the Hazard List and the Environmental Factors List according to the requirements of each operation layer. In the implementation process, according to the operation node, the list of hazards and countermeasures is released irregularly.
(3) Formulation of technical measures for safety management in power engineering construction.
Construction safety technical measures are an important part of construction organization design. They are safety management and technical documents that specifically arrange and guide the safe construction of projects, aiming at predicting the possible hidden dangers of accidents and possible safety problems in the construction process of various projects. So as to take technical and management measures to eliminate or control unsafe factors in the construction process and prevent accidents. Strengthen the study on the feasibility and effectiveness of technical measures for construction safety, formulate feasible construction plans, and strictly regulate the formulation, review, approval, layout, disclosure, implementation and supervision of project measures, so as to make the operation layer easy to implement and reduce the randomness in the construction process. Technical measures for construction safety shall be prepared, reviewed, approved and implemented at the same time. For special engineering projects, individual construction safety technical measures must be prepared. In principle, "whoever organizes the construction shall prepare the construction safety technical measures", but when it comes to the professional cooperation type of work, individual construction safety technical measures shall be put forward by the professional cooperation type of work.
The personnel who prepare the technical measures for construction safety must be familiar with the prepared construction projects, go deep into the construction site to grasp the actual situation, conduct systematic analysis and evaluation, find out the hazards and dangerous points, make the determined technical measures for construction safety targeted, specific and clear, and ensure the construction safety. After the preparation of construction safety technical measures is completed, it will be reviewed by the full-time engineer of the type of work, sent to a cascade review and then approved by the chief engineer of the project department. If problems are found in the implementation process, the implementation should be stopped, and the modification should be submitted for approval according to the original examination and approval procedures.
(4) Monitoring in the process of power engineering construction
With the construction safety technical scheme, the key is to implement it. Before operation, technicians should organize all employees to make safety technical disclosure, inform the hazards, dangerous points, dangerous factors and ways of danger occurrence, and take measures to prevent and control accidents. After the disclosure, all employees should sign to increase the pressure of their safety responsibility.
Some construction safety technical schemes are well written, and the measures are also very specific. The safety disclosure was carried out according to the regulations, but the accident still happened. This is the inability to effectively monitor safety during construction. In order to prevent accidents, it is very important to monitor the dangerous factors such as "unsafe behavior of people" and "unsafe state of things" during the operation. Those who refuse to mend their ways should be severely punished to nip the accident in the bud. Secondly, safety management personnel should have good safety, technology and quality, find out the dangerous sources and points of construction in on-site inspection, explain the unsafe reasons to the construction personnel, and ask them to follow the technical requirements and safety specifications of construction safety. Those who find illegal and risky operations should be ordered to stop their operations and be allowed to start work after punishment and education. If the situation is serious, it is necessary to order to stop work for rectification and report to the project leader in time, which is an important measure to prevent accidents.
(5) Every working procedure of power engineering construction should be checked afterwards.
After the completion of each sub-item and working procedure, the construction of the next working procedure can only be handed over after the acceptance of relevant personnel. Such as "four mouths", "five sides", scaffolding, high formwork, deep pit, aerial work, enclosure, machinery, personal labor safety protection articles and other projects. The purpose of the inspection is to check whether the facilities in the scheme are in place or whether there are any irregularities in the implementation process. This is an important barrier to effectively prevent production safety accidents and effectively eliminate "management defects".
It is necessary to check afterwards. Strictly implement the safety supervision system, earnestly implement the dangerous point control measures, and strictly check to effectively avoid accidents. Really achieve the purpose of finding hidden dangers through inspection and taking active rectification measures in time to curb casualties.
Safety management of engineering construction is an important part of construction enterprise management. The object of safety management is the state management and control of all people, things and environment in production. The level of safety management is directly related to the social reputation and economic benefits of enterprises, to the state and collective property and to the life safety of employees. Therefore, as project managers, we must constantly sum up experience, study hard, actively explore, improve our professional level and management quality, and strive to create more excellent projects that can better meet the needs of society.
According to the classification put forward by Chinese scholars, biology is divided into six fields: virus field, monera field, protozoan field, fungus field, plant field and animal field. It is not difficult to see that microorganisms occupy four of the six realms, so the important position of microorganisms in nature is obvious, and its research objects are also very extensive and rich.
Cause analysis of weak safety management;
First, insufficient attention has been paid to the safety management of outsourcing teams.
Production and safety are a pair of contradictory unity; Although we have always stressed that safety must be the first in production, and nothing can be surpassed, it is actually very difficult to do this, especially when there is a contradiction between schedule and safety. The safety management mode of "saying important, doing secondary, and being busy is unnecessary" invisibly increases the insecurity in the operation process of outsourcing projects.
Second, some managers can't seriously perform their safety duties.
Some managers just arrange their work, regardless of safety management, ignoring their first duty is safety responsibility, and don't arrange their work according to the working principle of "production must control safety" at all. If the safety management personnel fail to perform their duties at work, they should check the operation process to see whether the behavior of the operators is standardized, whether the working environment meets the operation requirements, whether the facilities and equipment are safe and whether the operation is carried out in a safe and orderly manner.
Third, the operators have low technical quality and poor safety awareness. In order to maximize economic benefits, many contractors only emphasize physical fitness, can bear hardships and stand hard work, and have low requirements for cultural quality. In addition, the employer did not conduct formal safety training for these personnel, and the workers' safety awareness and self-protection awareness were poor, and habitual illegal operations often occurred.
Fourth, the contractor's safety supervision personnel do not have the qualification and quality. In order to save money, the contractor did not set up full-time safety supervisors as required. Although some have set up full-time security officers, they exist in name only and are only busy with other things. No one found the hidden danger of the accident, and no one stopped the habitual violation. In addition, the safety supervision of outsourcing teams mostly lacks professional training, safety supervision experience, work permit, qualification and working ability.
Fifth, the contractor is entrusted with the package. The contracting unit only pays attention to the technical work management of the contractor, but does not manage the safety management of the contractor. It believes that contracting the project to an outsourcing unit with legal personality will be all right, and all safety management and supervision are the responsibility of the outsourcing unit itself, and it is entirely up to the outsourcing unit to manage itself by self-discipline. Some units even stated when signing the construction contract with the contractor that the contractor should be responsible for any casualties, which led the contractor to turn a deaf ear to the safety issues in the operation.
Sixth, the safety qualification review of contractors is a mere formality. Only pay attention to the static review of the contractor's qualification, but ignore the review and management of the dynamic factors such as the contractor's personnel quality, technical strength, construction machinery and construction methods. It is a first-class construction qualification enterprise when bidding for the project. After winning the bid, it may be a third-class construction qualification enterprise, or even a construction team without construction qualification. This subcontracting phenomenon has left a serious security risk for the project construction.
How to identify and control security risks generally includes acceptable risks, general risks, medium risks and high risks, which can be divided into four levels.
Supplement: Then you can divide it into: unacceptable risk (extremely dangerous, unable to continue operation), important risk (obvious risk, which needs rectification), minor risk (general risk, which needs attention) and acceptable risk (slight risk, which is acceptable). Four levels are enough.
How to ensure the safety of electricians in construction 1. Always believe in safety operation specifications; 2. Wear insulated shoes and safety helmet; 3. Don't bring some homework; 4. When repairing electrical appliances, you must turn on the isolating switch and immediately put up warning signs; 5. The construction power cord is insulated reliably and laid overhead. Wait a minute.