The United States Marine Corps (USMC) is the earliest elite force in the world, with a total number of men and women of about194,000. It has three divisions and three aviation wings, and is equipped with 4 16 fighters, which is even much larger than the entire army of most countries. Since1June, 775+10/October, the continental congress directive was established, the marine corps has participated in every important battle in the United States and countless "police" actions and armed mediation around the world. The achievements of the Marine Corps are very impressive, such as the battles in Bel 1eau Wood, Guadalcanal Island, Iwo Jima, Josin Reservoir and Xishan, which won it a place in military history. It is the main combat force of the American rapid reaction force and has a long and extraordinary history.

The tasks of the Marine Corps are divided into three major areas. The main task is to maintain amphibious combat capability. In addition, the Marine Corps is required to send units to naval bases and major naval warships. Finally, the Marine Corps must perform the extra tasks requested by the President of the United States.

weaponry

The special creed of the Marine Corps has unparalleled advantages in tactics, that is, the principle of attaching importance to attack action, which can be applied to all aspects of marine corps activities. This trend has also greatly affected the way the Marine Corps is equipped.

The Marine Corps is equipped with AAv- 7 amphibious assault vehicle, which can "swim" to the shore in waves as high as 3m. At present, the tactical thinking strongly advocates "vertical encirclement": the marine corps and light armored vehicles land behind the enemy defense forces on the coast by helicopter. This shows the importance of the AH-IT Cobra helicopter gunship, because it is equipped with 20mm cannons, rockets and towed anti-tank missiles.

The infantry company is equipped with Ml6A2 rifle: M203 4mm Grenade launcher; M249 automatic weapon and M60E3 general machine gun. M60E3 is adopted by 1985, which is a lighter and better version of the old M60 adopted by the former army. Support weapons include 6omm light artillery and shoulder-fired attack weapons; Rocket-propelled "Bunker buster". Anti-tank weapons include M47 dragon anti-tank missile, AT-4 and towed missile. Marine artillery squadron is equipped with Ml98 155mm howitzer; Ml09 self-propelled howitzer and British 105mm gun. Members of the Marine Corps demanded that M60A 1 be replaced by Ml Abram tanks.

The standard attack fighter of the Marine Corps is F/A- 18 Hornet, equipped with 13 active squadrons. It is also used as a trainer. The Marine Corps was originally a supporter of the V/STOL Seahawk, and now it is operating the AV-8B Seahawk II for combat/ground attack. At present, there are about 15O fighters in the front line, and about 30 two-seat TAV-8A/B are used for pilot training tasks.

Selection and training

All members of the United States Armed Forces are now volunteers, and those recruits who want to join the Marine Corps can join directly. Freshmen are directly assigned to one of the two training bases in San Diego, California and Paris, South Carolina, where they need to undergo the famous 1 1 week "freshman training". Once they finish the training, they will be very grateful for the experience, but that doesn't mean they want to do it again!

Surprisingly, in terms of its scale, the Marine Corps does not have its own officer training school, although some of them come from the Naval Academy in Pokhris. The main sources of its officers are the Naval Reserve Officer Training (ROTc), the Reserve Officer School (OCS) or long classes. All reserve officers (including those from Pohris and Ana) must pass strict selection and training.

The marine corps is a small unit in the navy. The Marine Corps first appeared in the era of navigation. At that time, the Marine Corps was a unit that boarded enemy ships for hand-to-hand combat when the ships were fighting at sea. In addition, the Marine Corps is also responsible for the safety of ships, protecting officers on board and preventing sailors from mutiny. So far, the main task of the Marine Corps is to launch amphibious attacks from the sea and land and establish beachheads in the coastal areas controlled by the enemy. Let subsequent friendly forces, especially the army, land and seize enemy territory.

In the United States, the Marine Corps is not directly subordinate to the Navy, but one of the five major armed forces (the other four are: Army, Navy, Air Force and Coast Guard). The Marine Corps is provided with transportation and ships by the navy, but it has independent combat capability and its own flying troops. The commander of the Marine Corps is also directly responsible only to the Secretary of the Navy (civilian). In addition to amphibious attacks, the US Marine Corps also has traditional responsibilities such as protecting embassies abroad, standing guard for the White House, and being responsible for the internal security of major ships.

1775l65438+1October 10, the US Congress issued a decree to formally create the Marine Corps as a part of the US armed forces. During the years of the American Revolution, the newly formed US Marine Corps participated in the Bahamas Expedition and Princeton and other battles. The naval battle with France in l798 laid the foundation for today's US Marine Corps. The United States Marine Corps participated in all wars and expeditions in the early United States. Almost throughout the19th century, the Marine Corps was mainly deployed on ships or ports and used as a detachment of Zhejie.

In 65438+February, a frontline base army, Marine Corps Synthetic Brigade l9l3, was born. 1918 In June, during World War I, the US Marine Corps became famous when it attacked Belo Yuanlin on the western front. In World War II, the Marine Corps, as the vanguard of the American Pacific Campaign, was more familiar to everyone. After the battles in Guadalcanal, Tarawa, Iwo Jima, Okinawa, etc., the size of the Marine Corps has expanded to no less than 500,000, consisting of armored units and naval and air ground forces. Because of their heroic and tenacious fighting, they got the reputation of "outlaws"

Since 1945, the US Marine Corps has basically formed an amphibious rapid deployment force that can be mobilized at any time. Whether it is 1958 Lebanon. 1965 In Dominica, the US Marine Corps quickly helped the pro-western government to quell domestic riots and participated in some important battles. In the Korean War, the Marine Corps was the first American army to participate in the war. 1965, the marine corps was first sent to Vietnam. In the North Vietnam 1968 Spring Festival offensive, the Marine Corps successfully defended Hue and Xishan, once again creating a legend for people. After the withdrawal from Vietnam War, the number of marines has been reduced to 654.38+0.94 million, but they are still showing people their existence, such as 654.38+0.982 joining the multinational peacekeeping force in Beirut, 654.38+0.983 invasion of grenada, and 654.38+0.965.438+invading Panama. It can be said that the Marine Corps is a pawn of the US government and an elite division of the Pentagon.

According to the U.S. Constitution, the Marine Corps is the only unit in the U.S. military that can be used without the approval of the President by Congress. Therefore, it is not under the jurisdiction of the navy like the marine corps in other countries, but an independent service, and its status is even higher than other services. The commander of the Marine Corps, like the commanders of other services, is a member of the Joint Chiefs of Staff of the United States and can also serve as the chairman of the Joint Chiefs of Staff, the highest position of the US military ruling group. The Marine Corps also has its own aviation unit, tank unit, artillery unit and its own school, and military expenditure is given priority. So you can buy better weapons and equipment than other arms and services.

The US Marine Corps consists of three parts: ground forces, aviation forces and logistics forces. "1993, the United States Marine Corps active personnel 183000, accounting for 74% of the editor-in-chief of the Marine Corps. Among them, combat troops/KLOC-0.09 million, support troops 44,000 and logistics troops 30,000.

The ground forces have three marine divisions. 1 The Marine Division belongs to the 1 Expeditionary Force of the Marine Corps of the Pacific Fleet of the US Navy. It is now stationed at Camp pendleton in California. It is the main division of the US Marine Corps and the strategic mobile force of the US Pacific. The 2nd Marine Corps Division belongs to the 2nd Marine Expeditionary Force of the US Atlantic Fleet, and is now stationed in Norfolk Barracks, Virginia. It is the main division of the US Strategic Reserve and the mobile assault force of the US Atlantic Fleet Marine Corps. The 3rd Marine Division belongs to the 3rd Expeditionary Force of the Pacific Fleet of the US Navy and is now stationed in Okinawa, Japan. It is a mobile combat unit of the US military in the Pacific Ocean. In addition, there is a reserve division stationed in Moyugo Bay in New Orleans.

The Marine Division is one of the ground combat divisions with the largest number of personnel in the world, and it is also the only combat division in the US military that uses the three regiments system. Each marine division has a division battalion and a detachment directly under it. The straight fart detachment has a light armored vehicle battalion, a tank battalion, a reconnaissance battalion, an engineering battalion, an amphibious assault battalion and a health battalion. The combat troops are three infantry regiments, and the combat support force is an artillery regiment. The establishment of the whole department is 18500.

The infantry regiment consists of a regiment company and three infantry battalions. When performing tasks independently, it is generally necessary for the superior to assign a combat support and combat service support unit. The artillery regiment consists of a regiment company, a target search company, two direct support artillery battalions and two all-round support artillery battalions, with different preparation and equipment.

The infantry battalion consists of a battalion company, a weapons company and three infantry companies. Weapon company consists of company, mortar platoon, anti-tank platoon and heavy machine gun. An infantry company consists of a company, a weapons platoon and three infantry platoons. The weapon platoon consists of machine gun platoon, mortar platoon, assault weapon infantry platoon and three squads 13. success

The task of the marine division is to carry out amphibious assault operations under the guidance and support of aviation and backup forces.

The main aviation unit of the US Marine Corps is the Naval Air Wing (affiliated to the Marine Corps). Each aviation wing has 65438+4000 people. Under the jurisdiction of the headquarters. 2~3 attack aircraft and fighter aviation brigade. 1~2 helicopter aviation brigade and other combat and service support forces. The task of aviation is to help ground troops to carry out maneuvers. Support the landing of ground troops and coastal operations.

The logistics unit of the US Marine Corps is organized into a service support brigade (under the Marine Corps Division). Its main task is to provide all kinds of material backup support for combat troops. Equipment maintenance and medical assistance to ensure that all combat troops have a high degree of independent combat capability.

As an elite team, in addition to sophisticated weapons and lean preparation, the quality of personnel should also be improved. Members of the United States Marine Corps are strictly selected.

The following statement is wrong. Navy SEALs are special operations units under the Navy, and are administratively dispatched by the United States Special Operations Command (USSOCOM).

To emphasize, SEALs are navy special forces, not marines. The US Marine Corps is an independent service. Unlike the navy, it is not a subordinate of the navy, but a parallel service. The Marine Corps has its own special forces, such as reconnaissance troops.

Battalions, companies, platoons and squadrons of the United States Marine Corps,

Marine Infantry Battalion (929): The basic unit of the Marine Corps is the infantry battalion. Each battalion consists of 44 officers and 885 soldiers, with a total of 929 personnel, including battalion, 3 infantry companies and 1 weapons company.

Battalion commander (Lieutenant Colonel) is an assistant in majors 4-5, 929/998 Infantry Battalion, 182 Rifle Company, 180 Weapon Company and 203/272 Battalion Company.

Battalion company's weapons

M203 Grenade launcher * 17

M40A 1 sniper rifle (7.62mm) *8

M82A 1A heavy sniper rifle (12.7mm) *2

M249SAW machine gun (5.56mm) *8

M240G machine gun (7.62mm) *5

MK 19 machine gun (40mm) *4.

Rifle company (182): The main infantry battalion is rifle company, including 6 officers and 176 soldiers, totaling 182, including 3 rifle platoons and 1 weapon platoons.

Company commander (captain)

There are 182 rifle company, 6 companies, 43 rifle platoons, 4 platoon leaders (lieutenants), 4 platoon leaders, 13 rifle squadron and 4 rifle squadrons.

There are 47 weapon platoons, 2 platoons, 22 machine gun squads, 7 machine gun squads, 3 machine gun squads, 22 mortar squads, 3 light mortar squads, 182 rifle company, and 2 destroyers.

Rifle company weapon

Rifle wood

M 16A2 assault rifle *3

M203 Grenade launcher * 1

M 249 chainsaw machine gun * 1

Weapon platoon

M240G machine gun *6

M224 (60mm) mortar *3 doors

MK 153 maw rocket launcher *6

Weapon company (180): This heavy weapon, without infantry company, is used to support various rifle companies. Including five officers and soldiers 175, totaling 180.

Weapons company 180, company 7, mortar platoon 69, platoon 5, 8 1MM mortar squad 32 and 8 1MM mortar squad 6.

There are 76 anti-vehicle platoons, 3 platoons, 22 anti-vehicle groups, 5 anti-vehicle classes, 17 dragon missile groups and 8 dragon missile classes.

There are 28 heavy machine guns, 3 platoons, 8 heavy machine guns and 4 heavy machine guns.

Weapons company weapons

Mortar platoon M252 mortar (8 1 mm) *8 doors

Anti-chariot platoon

M47 Dragon ATM*24

M220E4TOW*8 (8 Hummers)

Heavy machine gun platoon

M2H8 machine gun *6

MK 19 machine gun (40mm) *6.

Class unit: the squad leader is the second-class master sergeant or the third-class master sergeant, and each class has three rifle classes, which act independently or cooperatively according to the war situation and change the team line according to the war situation.

Infantry squad (13): This is the smallest unit of the Marine Corps, that is, the rifle squad.

Infantry weapon

M203 Grenade launcher *3

M249SAW saw machine gun *3

The amount of ammunition carried by a class

5.56 mm bullet * 2520

40mm Grenade *30 rounds

Grenade *52 rounds

M72A2*6 bullets

Machine gun squad (7 people): 3 soldiers form a machine gun squad, equipped with a M240G machine gun equipped with a tripod or tripod, whose main task is to provide infantry fire support.

8 1MM mortar squad (6 persons): 8 1MM mortar squad has 8 mortars, which can provide indirect fire for rifle company.

Some other situation.

The Marine Corps absorbed the experience of the Gulf War and launched a new Marine Division on 200 1. The number of divisions decreased from1.8000 to1.6000. Although the number is reduced, they can enter the high-threat war zone more quickly. In addition, in the past, each division had three infantry regiments, but now one of them has been changed into a multi-arms mixed group.

Infantry Battalion, Amphibious Attack Battalion, Light Armored Infantry Battalion, Light Armored Reconnaissance Battalion, Chariot Battalion, Artillery Battalion and Anti-aircraft Artillery Battalion are the main combat arms of the Marine Corps, and each division includes these seven arms. However, it is still rare to send divisional marines to fight abroad. Usually, companies or battalions are used as units, and then mixed with various arms to form the number of battalions under MAGTF. However, MAGTF is also equipped with an attack aircraft of the Marine Corps Air Wing, which is used to attack and transport helicopters, so it cannot be equated with land warfare.

watcher

Among the many special forces in the United States, the Rangers (also known as Commandos or Special Forces) are an elite force with a long history and strong combat power. Rangers with a glorious history and excellent traditions, with fearless spirit and perseverance, perform the role of the world police everywhere and get international recognition and praise. The basic upstream cavalry belongs to light infantry and has nothing to do with cavalry. It can use various means of transportation to quickly enter the war zone to perform tasks, so rangers often complete tasks before other special forces arrive. Just like the motto "Ranger, lead the way", as well as the black beret and ribbon armband embroidered with the words Ranger, it has always been a symbol of the glory and dignity of Rangers. Rangers rank quite high among the world's special forces, ranking third in 2007, second only to the special forces of Delta Force and the United States Army.

Historical origin

The origin of Rangers can be traced back to the American colonial period 1670. There are small armies that use the names and tactics of rangers. At that time, in order to deal with Indians who were good at surprise attack tactics, the United States set up a small reconnaissance team to patrol around the reclamation area, observe enemy activities and provide early warning. Because their patrol distance is called "range", people generally call the soldiers of this team "rangers".

The first regular rangers were established in New Hampshire on 1756. Major Robert Rogers first organized the rangers of the ninth company to represent Britain against France and Indians. They widely used fast guerrilla and reconnaissance tactics to sneak into enemy lines and attack targets, patrolling as far as 400 miles. Major Rogers established the 19 ranger creed and the tradition of wearing a black beret at that time. During the American War of Independence, the army successively established rangers, the most famous of which was the "Rangers Corps", which was composed of a group of experienced infantry led by Daniel Morgan. And the guerrilla group "The Fox of the Marsh" led by Francis Marion fought side by side with the Washington Army for many times. Because of their bravery, the rangers not only won the trust of Washington, but also left a deep impression on the British. After the independence of the United States, the army * * * has a total of 12 commandos. The famous rangers in the Civil War were the cavalry led by Colonel John S. mosby of the Southern Army. They used small team tactics to quickly attack the outposts or important strongholds of the North Army. Whether it is the revolution of independence or the civil war, the US Army has affirmed the importance of rangers to the war. The tactics and military thinking used at that time also formed the basis of today's rangers' combat standards.

Rise: World War II

1942 European theater of World War II On May 26th, Major General Lucian K. Truscott wanted to build an American army that could fight alongside British commandos. In addition, in order to highlight American characteristics, this army was named "Rangers" and was led by Major William O. Darby. 1 June, 94219th1Ranger Battalion was officially born in Northern Ireland. Most of the soldiers came from 1 Armored Division and 34th Infantry Division, and received battlefield survival and amphibious landing training at the Scottish Commando Training Center. About a month later, 44 rangers and 5 officers joined forces with Canadian and British commandos to take part in the Dieppe raid, becoming the first American army to fight the Germans in Europe. After that, Darby, the battalion commander who was promoted to lieutenant colonel, led the Ranger Battalion into North Africa, and carried out infiltration and destruction tasks in Albania and Tunisia, thus creating a precedent for infantry divisions. Because of the brilliant results, the rangers were not only praised by the president, but also expanded to the sixth battalion one after another. The 3rd and 4th Ranger Battalions 1 merged with the chemical, engineering and artillery units of the Army to form the' 66 15 Ranger Unit (6615 Ranger Unit), which will continue to be led by Darby. During the period of 1943, 66 15 rangers all achieved brilliant results in the Italian theater.

During World War II, the more famous battles of the Rangers were the 2nd and 5th Battalions that participated in the Normandy landings. On the D day of 1944, the main force of Normandy landing was the 7 th and 5 th Legions, and the rangers belonged to the 5 th Legion. The main force of the 5th Corps is the 29th Infantry Division, 1 Infantry Division is on the right, and the' Temporary Commando' composed of the 2nd and 5th Commando Corps is on the left. It is generally believed that the characteristics of American infantry in World War II are young, highly educated and generally lacking in combat experience, but for rangers, the battlefield is where they play their skills. On the day of landing, American troops were violently attacked by the German 352nd Infantry Division. When other infantry were suppressed by fire, the strictly trained rangers quickly broke through the defense line regardless of life and death. Although the casualties were extremely heavy, for example, Company C of Battalion 2 (in the background of the movie Saving Private Ryan) with 70 people, 58 people were killed or injured after landing, and even the whole company was dissolved. However, the heroic behavior of the Rangers not only touched the infantry of the 29th Division who fought side by side, but also won the praise of General Norman D. Kota, deputy division commander of the 29th Division, thus leaving an immortal wisdom saying, "Rangers, lead the way!" .

After the war, six Ranger battalions were also disbanded. Other lesser-known rangers during World War II included the 29th Ranger Corps from the 29th Infantry Division and the 5307th mixed detachment of the Burma Theater codenamed "Meryl Predator". Among them, the 5307th mixed detachment was led by Brigadier General Frank. Merrill, then an American wheat detachment in the Kuomintang army. Fight side by side with the New 38th Division, the New 22 nd Division, the New 30 th Division and the New 50 th Division of the Kuomintang Army led by General Sun Liren. They went deep into the jungle of Myanmar, repelled the Japanese18th Division which tried to attack China from the southwest, and left a glorious page in the history of China's Anti-Japanese War. The 5307 mixed detachment was reorganized into the 75th Infantry Regiment on 1954, which is the predecessor of the 75th Ranger Regiment.

Korean war

During the Korean War, the biggest change of the Rangers was that they had airborne capability, and the operational establishment was very different from that during World War II. During World War II, all the rangers fought independently, while during the Korean War, each ranger company with a strength of 1 12 was assigned to an infantry division with a strength of 18000 as the pioneer of each division. Rangers are responsible for covering, searching, blocking or assaulting in the division's actions. 1950, the army appointed Colonel John Gibson Van Houghton to select a group of rangers candidates for training in Fort Banning, Georgia, most of whom came from the 82nd Airborne Division. The training time is mostly at night, and the training subjects include light weapons operation, night skydiving, amphibious landing, blasting and fighting. And every soldier must be familiar with the Korean terrain. The first batch of trained 1 Ranger Airborne Company arrived in South Korea on 1950 12 17 and was incorporated into the 2nd Infantry Division. Then, the 2nd and 4th assault companies joined the war zone, the 2nd company was incorporated into the 7th Infantry Division, and the 4th company was attached to the 9th War Department and 1 Cavalry Division. From 1950 to 195 1, various ranger companies have thrown themselves into the battlefield. They infiltrated our territory by amphibious means, constantly harassing the rear of Chinese people's Volunteer Army and the Korean People's Army. With the end of the Korean War, all commandos were disbanded.

Vietnam War

The 75th Infantry Regiment with long-range detection capability was established in Okinawa on 1954 and was adapted from the 475th Infantry Regiment. The predecessor of the 475th Infantry Regiment was the famous 5403rd Mixed Detachment during World War II. February 1969, 1, the long-range reconnaissance company and the long-range reconnaissance company from nine infantry divisions, the captain of India's defense, joined Vietnam and was transferred to the 75th Infantry Regiment to become the rangers of 13 Company. Rangers during the Vietnam War were very different from the past, including selecting soldiers from various army units and training in Vietnam, as well as the division of operational responsibility areas by various units during combat. From selection, training to combat, leading cadres at the grass-roots level are under unified command and are no longer controlled by the central high-level officials. Different from the passive attack of ordinary infantry, rangers often take the initiative to attack in groups of 1 six or even two. They use air drops and helicopters to descend, or they use vehicles, speedboats and feet to go deep into enemy-occupied areas. In addition to investigating enemy situations or surprise operations, they also infiltrated enemy areas to assess the damage of B-52 bombers in' arc' bombing operations. Due to the excellent performance of the Rangers in the Vietnam War, creighton abrams, the chief of staff of the US Army, changed the 75th Infantry Regiment into a permanent 75th ranger regiment, becoming the first permanent Ranger of the US Army.

change

In the history of American war, cavalry has always been a commando team born in response to the war, so with the end of the Vietnam War, rangers can't escape the fate of dissolution. However, in 1974, General creighton abrams, chief of staff of the Army, thought that a permanent ranger force should be established to cope with the ever-changing international emergency. So 1 and the 2nd Ranger Battalion were established in Georgia. 1 Battalion was stationed at Hunter Army Air Force Base in Georgia, and the 2nd Battalion was stationed in Louisburg, Washington.

Selection and training

As early as the Korean War, Rangers had special training institutions. At present, in addition to the Army Infantry School, there is also the Ranger Training Department. The Rangers also have their own training brigade and set up four Ranger training camps. In addition to developing LRS and infantry fighting leaders and training rangers, it also trained foreign soldiers and government personnel, including officers from Taiwan Province Province who went to the United States for training. Unlike the army special forces, rangers do not recruit female soldiers. Most of their soldiers come from the volunteers of various army units, and a few are other services and foreign soldiers. Volunteers participating in the selection need to be physically and mentally healthy and have no bad records. Only through airborne training can you participate in the selection of rangers. In the selection training of 10 week, the average elimination rate is over 60%. The process and contents are as follows:

1. Basic training of rangers:

After completing the registration procedure at Rogers Camp, a Ranger Training Brigade in Fort Banning, Georgia, each candidate went to Darby Camp in the forest of North Carolina for selection. In addition to long-distance running, the selection content also needs to endure the battlefield life experience in the harsh environment of hunger, cold and fatigue, and those who cannot accept it will be eliminated. Next is the important "RAP", and its selection and training subjects are roughly as follows: Army physical fitness training test: 2 minutes and 52 times of push-ups, 2 minutes and 62 times of sit-ups, and 6 times of running the horizontal bar in Army Physical Fitness Test Standard 2, 14 minutes and 55 seconds.

Underwater combat and survival test: According to the test standard of Navy SEALs, students are required to swim 15 meters in full gear, and then abandon their weapons and equipment and return to the shore. And blindfolded to complete the 3-meter dive, and took off the blindfold and swam back to the shore. If you lose any equipment in the above test, or show a little fear and retreat, you will be eliminated.

Students selected through the preliminary round will be included in the fourth Ranger Training Camp for training. In addition to continuing to improve physical fitness requirements, there are the following training subjects:

Ranger Interest Course 1 1: The content is to learn the elements, performance, operation and maintenance of various light weapons and explosives.

Queen Darby's course: The content is to learn all kinds of obstacles to overcome.

March course: the content is map use, orientation determination and day and night March training.

Students who pass all the tests will jump into the facility named Victory Pool to complete the confidence-building course, with the aim of cultivating high fighting spirit and mutual support spirit, and this stage of RAP selection is over. The final stage of training includes helicopter landing, field survival, leadership development and surprise drills. Among them, ranger assault exercise can be said to be the universal acceptance of basic training. Students will wear laser simulated combat system (MILES) to experience the life of war, and even the captured students will be tortured, so that students can learn the survival skills on the battlefield.

2. Mountain training:

Students who pass the basic training will go to the Fifth Ranger Training Camp in Dalonega for training. Students will receive high-risk mountain warfare training at Mount Jonah, the highest peak in Georgia. In addition to continuing to demand physical fitness, students also need to endure the cold climate in mountainous areas and keep training day and night. The content is as follows:

Terrain transcendence: First of all, students need to learn how to tie various knots in order to apply them to climbing, assault suspension bridge erection and various suspension techniques. Students study day and night to transcend all kinds of difficult terrain, and a little carelessness will cause casualties.

Mountain skydiving practice: train students to land safely and accurately in the Woods and reach their destinations quickly. Because of the high risk of mountain training, many students are often injured in training, so students who are usually more than 1 will be eliminated.

3. Low-lying jungle training:

Then the students went to the 6th Ranger Training Camp at Eglin Air Force Base, Florida, and received training in the jungle lowlands. In the primitive jungle full of poisonous snake swamps, students must survive and fight here. Its content is: animal and plant identification training: knowing all kinds of animals and plants is a compulsory course for survival in the wild. Students learn how to avoid poisonous snakes and beasts in the jungle and survive in the jungle.

Guerrilla tactical training: training students how to sneak into enemy camps to complete tasks and use tactics in the jungle. Students learn to swim in the swamp and operate boats.

Comprehensive combat exercise: all the students marched from Santa Rosa Island to the Gulf of Mexico in the dark to fight the imaginary enemy. Students who can't reach their destination will be eliminated.

4. Summary test:

Finally, according to the Army Physical Training Test and Ranger Obstacle Curriculum Standard, students need to pass 12 Physical Fitness and Technical Test. Students who pass the test will wear black berets and ranger ribbon armbands and formally become a member of the rangers.

Rangers work an average of five days a week, and they are constantly training when there is no task. On average, a town war drill is fixed every six months. At least once a year, large-scale exercises are held in mountainous areas, jungles or deserts. And there will be at least two cold amphibious trainings every three years.

At present, there are about 2,000 75th ranger regiment-made soldiers under the US Army Special Operations Command, which has three battalions. Its establishment and station are as follows: regimental headquarters and regimental company: Fort Banning, Georgia. 1 Ranger Battalion: Hunter Army Air Force Base, Georgia. Second assault battalion: Fort Lewis, Washington. 3rd assault battalion: Fort Banning, Georgia. Each battalion consists of 580 people, including battalion headquarters, battalion company and 3 infantry companies. 1 infantry company has 3 infantry platoons * * * about 152 people, 1 weapons platoons about 22 people. 1 infantry platoon has three infantry classes and 1 machine gun classes. Each class has 1 hygienist. Battalion companies include supply, communications, medical care and staff officers.

Active weapon armor

Rangers are light infantry, so they are not equipped with too many weapons and armor. Its common equipment is as follows: M 16A2 rifle, M4A 1 rifle, M203 Grenade launcher, M249 machine gun, M82A 1 .50 caliber sniper rifle, M9 pistol, 84mmRAWS Ranger anti-armor weapon, M224 60mm mortar, M-23 mortar ballistic computer, AN. BDU jungle camouflage suit, M65 jungle camouflage jacket, P.A.S.G.T Kevlar helmet, M 12 leather case, M40/42 gas mask, LBV tactical vest, An/PRC-126127 individual radio, M60.